explain xkcd - User contributions [en]

2092: Consensus New Year

2019-01-22T20:16:04Z

Steammaster:

{{comic
| number = 2092
| date = December 31, 2018
| title = Consensus New Year
| image = consensus_new_year.png
| titletext = The biggest jump is at 11:00am EST (4:00pm UTC) when midnight reaches the UTC+8 time zone. That time zone, which includes China, is home to a quarter of the world's population. India and Sri Lanka (UTC+5:30) put us over the 50% mark soon after.
}}

==Explanation==

In this [[:Category:New Year|New Year comic]], [[Randall]] is proposing a compromise for when to celebrate, or recognize, {{w|New Year's Day}}. These celebrations traditionally take place at the stroke of midnight between Dec. 31st and Jan. 1st, at the local time of the event's location. With "Consensus New Year", these celebrations would happen at the same time, world over, and would be at exactly 1:30 pm {{w|Eastern Time Zone|EST}} (6:30 pm {{w|Coordinated Universal Time|UTC}}). At this time, about half the world's population would be in 2018 local time and the other half would be in 2019. This is due to the various time zones throughout the world, and the graph is based on the proportion of the population in these zones.

This is based on the assumption that the entire world uses the same calendar system. Randall's graph shows the year starting on the same day for the entire world. While the Gregorian calendar is used as the civil calendar in most countries of the world, the Eastern Orthodox churches uses the Julian calendar, on which the year will begin 13 days later, and the year (as of December 2018-January 2019) is 1440 on the Muslim calendar and 5779 on the Hebrew calendar. Other countries have the same New Year as the Gregorian calendar but count years differently; for example, 2019 is the year 108 in Taiwan and 2562 in Thailand.

The Wiktionary entry for "{{Wiktionary|consensus}}" includes multiple definitions, including these two meanings:

* (attributive) Average projected value
* General agreement among the members of a given group or community

In an attributive grammar structure, a noun is placed before another noun to assign an attribute to it. When "consensus" is used this way, it's a statistical term which means the average projected value of the modified noun.

Randall properly uses this first definition for both the title of the comic and the graph itself, where the graph represents the average projected value of the percentage of the world population reaching the new year at any given time.

Randall may be purposefully misusing the second definition of the word "consensus" to reflect the common misuse of the term {{Wikipedia|consensus}} for the practice of {{Wikipedia|majority vote}}.

In scenarios involving group decision-making, consensus means that all or almost all members of the group will accept the decision. Depending on how it is done, this generally results in a slower decision-making process due to discussion, but decisions that many more people are happy with. Consensus can scale to large groups of people using approaches such as the [https://seedsforchange.org.uk/spokescouncil spokescouncil model] to speed dialogue. By this definition, Consensus New Year happens at one of the last four time zones as the last to "agree" enter 2019, so (nearly full consensus definition) 4:00 am, 5:00 am, 6:00 am, or (full consensus definition) 7:00 am EST on January 1, 2019.

Consensus lies in contrast to majority vote, where a decision passes when over 50% of the people desire it. Majority vote is used in most current large democracies and is what most people are familiar with. It is quick to describe and implement, but can result in polarized political parties and a stark lack of minority rights, unless enough people develop concern for the issues that they are tempered with constitutions and [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logrolling logrolling].

The leftmost horizontal axis label (10am EST Dec 31st) was an error. The point marked as 0% should be 5am EST (see table below).

Additionally, some of the lines are shown with a slope, which is inaccurate. Since sun time is not used anywhere, a correct graph line would only consist of horizontal and vertical lines.

===Time zones===

{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Time EST !! Time UTC !! %Population in 2019 !! Regions entering 2019
|-
| 5:00 AM || 10:00 || 0 || Pacific Islands
|-
| 6:00 AM || 11:00 || 0 || Pacific Islands, New Zealand (NZDT)
|-
| 7:00 AM || 12:00 || 0 || Kamchatka (Russia), Fiji
|-
| 8:00 AM || 13:00 || 0 || Magadan (Russia), Pacific Islands, Eastern Australia (Excluding Queensland)
|-
| 8:30 AM || 13:30 || 0 || South Australia
|-
| 9:00 AM || 14:00 || 0 || Vladivostok (Russia), Queensland (Australia)
|-
| 9:30 AM || 14:30 || 0 || Northern Territory (Australia)
|-
| 10:00 AM || 15:00 || 5 || Yakutsk (Russia), Japan, Korea, Eastern Indonesia
|-
| 11:00 AM || 16:00 || 25 || China, Irkutsk (Russia), Taiwan, Western Australia, Malaysia, Central Indonesia
|-
| 12:00 PM || 17:00 || 30 || Krasnoyarsk (Russia), Vietnam, Thailand, Western Indonesia
|-
| 1:00 PM || 18:00 || 35 || Omsk (Russia), Kazakhstan, Bangladesh
|-
| 1:30 PM || 18:30 || 55 || India, Sri Lanka
|-
| 2:00 PM || 19:00 || 60 || Yekaterinburg (Russia), Pakistan
|-
| 3:00 PM || 20:00 || 60 || Samara (Russia), Georgia, Oman, UAE
|-
| 4:00 PM || 21:00 || 70 || Moscow (Russia), Turkey, Saudi Arabia, East Africa
|-
| 5:00 PM || 22:00 || 75 || Eastern Europe, Egypt, Central & Southern Africa
|-
| 6:00 PM || 23:00 || 85 || Central Europe, Africa
|-
| 7:00 PM || 00:00 || 90 || (GMT) UK, Portugal, Ireland, Western Africa
|-
| 8:00 PM || 01:00 || 90 || Azores (Portugal), parts of Greenland
|-
| 9:00 PM || 02:00 || 90 || Parts of Greenland, Southern Brazil
|-
| 10:00 PM || 03:00 || 90 || Northeastern and Central Brazil, Argentina, Chile
|-
| 11:00 PM || 04:00 || 90 || Atlantic Canada, Venezuela
|-
| 12:00 AM || 05:00 || 95 || (EST) Eastern USA, Peru
|-
| 1:00 AM || 06:00 || 100 || (CT) Central USA, Mexico, Central America
|-
| 2:00 AM || 07:00 || 100 || (MT) Central USA, Western Mexico
|-
| 3:00 AM || 08:00 || 100 || (PST) Western USA
|-
| 4:00 AM || 09:00 || 100 || Alaska
|-
| 5:00 AM || 10:00 || 100 || Pacific Islands
|-
| 6:00 AM || 11:00 || 100 || Pacific Islands
|-
| 7:00 AM || 12:00 || 100 || Pacific Islands
|}

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
:[A graph labeled “Percentage of the world's population living in 2019” with Y-axis markers at 0%, 50%, and 100%, and X-axis markers at 10:00 AM EST Dec 31st, 1:30 PM EST, 7:00 PM EST, Midnight EST, 3:00 AM EST Jan 1st, and 7:00 AM EST.]
:[The line graph shows the percentage increasing from 0 to 100% in several steps, with 50% reached at 1:30 PM EST.]

:[Caption below the panel:]
:Consensus New Year: as of 1:30PM Eastern Time (6:30PM UTC) a majority of the world's population will be living in 2019.

==Trivia==
Randall has mislabeled the leftmost point of the graph: the Earth's earliest time zone ({{w|UTC+14:00}}) should have the midnight at 5:00 AM EST rather than 10:00 AM EST. The number of one-hour increments on the x-axis does not match Randall's label.

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:New Year]]
[[Category:Time]]

2101: Technical Analysis

2019-01-22T20:02:50Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2101
| date = January 21, 2019
| title = Technical Analysis
| image = technical_analysis.png
| titletext = "I [suspect] that we are throwing more and more of our resources, including the cream of our youth, into financial activities remote from the production of goods and services, into activities that generate high private rewards disproportionate to their social productivity. I suspect that the immense power of the computer is being harnessed to this 'paper economy', not to do the same transactions more economically but to balloon the quantity and variety of financial exchanges." --James Tobin, July 1984
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| Comic is still undergoing TECHNICAL ANALYSIS (this is just the prologue). Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

{{w|Technical analysis}} is a field which attempts to study stock markets, cryptocurrency markets, etc. statistically (without regard to the fundamental value of the assets), seeking to profit off the patterns that are found there.

The theoretical value of a stock is the sum of all its future earnings, with earnings in the future discounted appropriately to account for the {{w|time value of money}}. Because these earnings are never fully predictable, traders may have different ideas about the true value of a stock, and buy the stock if they believe the currently offered prices are particularly low, or sell it when the prices are high.

Technical analysis, however, does not even attempt to understand the earnings of the stock, instead focusing on the shapes and patterns that result from traders making their moves. While there is a human behavioral component to stock trading, it is not clear that one can extract much information from the shapes of stock charts. To the extent it does work, a substantial part of its success may be simply an artifact of the herd behavior of traders who engage in technical analysis, a zero-sum game.

The comic displays a {{w|Candlestick chart|stock price chart}}, annotated with labels which purport to be technical analysis. These labels are nonsense from the perspective of technical analysis, but do accurately describe the graph itself: "{{w|allegro}}" (a musical term used to set the tempo at the beginning of a score), "{{w|prologue}}" (an introductory section of a play, book, or similar), "{{w|lumbar}} support" (the thing in a chair shaped to better support your back), "bathtub" (possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"), "{{w|uptalk}}" (a speech pattern). One label celebrates that "these two points define a line! Promising signal." (In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line.)

The shape of the chart is similar to the exponential behavior of cryptocurrencies when they are successful, where price (positional height on the chart) roughly increases while volatility (height of the bars or candles themselves, and of the peaks and troughs, on the chart) does the same. Technical analysis used to be an esoteric domain held by well-paid stock analysts, but as cryptocurrency has spread and taken down the many barriers to engaging in investment trading, people from all walks of life have begun staring at charts like this.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Graph labels and possible meanings
|-
|{{w|Allegro_(music)|Allegro}}
|Tempo notation in music: played quickly and brightly - a series of very small changes in this region of the graph might suggest notes played quickly
|-
|Prologue
|A prologue is an introduction to a book or other work; this presumably refers to the initial period of minimal growth which is moving toward a much more active period
|-
|Decline
|Describes a negative trend
|-
|Doldrums
|A stagnant section of the graph with little movement
|-
|Spline
|A {{w|Spline (mathematics)|spline}} is a mathematical means of generating a smooth curve, referring to the smoothed curve shown here
|-
|{{w|Lumbar}} Support
|A cushion or other device that provides support to the lower part of the ''spine'', a play on the preceding ''spline''
|-
|Renewal
|Strong upward trend; also might suggest the growth of green bars, like greening up in the spring
|-
|Hmm!
|The three circles this label points to mark periods of growth that immediately preceded a decline. Ideally for someone performing a technical analysis, if such occurrences can be foreseen accurately it would be a major boon for the stockholder, as they could be tipped to sell it right away before the price drops and net a cash profit.
|-
|Hark! The cliffs!
|A long bar suggesting a steep cliff
|-
|Declination
|A term which sounds similar to decline, but actually refers to the angular distance of a point from one of the poles. The declination of magnetic north is used to correct the difference between true and magnetic north.
|-
|Inflection
|A point at which the slope of a graph changes from an increasing slope (getting steeper) to a decreasing slope (getting less steep).
|-
|Uptalk
|A pattern of speech in which each sentence ends with rising inflection? like a question? A play on "uptick", and also on the second meaning of "inflection"
|-
|Bathtub
|possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}", also, the shape is similar to that of a bathtub, and is drawn containing water.
|-
|These two points define a line! Promising signal.
|In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line; also looks somewhat like a communication line between two towers. It is tempting when looking at market charts to draw imaginary lines that connect the extrema and hope it means something about the future. The drawn line in this case also just so happens to ignore the many periods of decline marked under "Declination" -- in this case it did eventually recover, but later labels (such as "likely to continue forever" at the end) suggest that this is more likely a case where blind optimism just so happens to have been right for those two particular points (as opposed to the many more possible pairs of points where the line wouldn't be so positive).
|-
|Yikes
|This section of the chart refers to the actual use of a candlestick chart, which is to document the difference between the opening and closing value of a stock. A long red bar shows that a stock closed at a much lower value than it opened at, which would be disastrous for someone trading that stock.
|-
|Wrong!
|The circled pair of bars are the only pair in the whole graph where two red bars (negative growth) that large are next to each other -- larger red bars exist, but not next to another one of similar magnitude. Labeling it "wrong" suggests the analyst is choosing to ignore reality by throwing out actual past data rather than revise the theory being held.
|-
|If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in the graph of a random walk
|A {{w|random walk}} is a mathematical object that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps. Randall is trying to convince himself that the patterns in the stock chart are more meaningful than just random data. The {{w|Random walk hypothesis|random walk hypothesis}} is a financial theory that states that stock prices evolve according to a random walk, thus short-term price changes are random and cannot be predicted from past history.
|-
|Slope
|The {{w|slope}} of a graph is the ratio of the "vertical change" to the "horizontal change". This could also be a play on a second meaning of slope, meaning a rising or falling surface in general.
|-
|Could be an omen
|This again makes reference to the financial meaning of the candlestick chart. The top of the small grey tick represents the highest value that the stock sold at over that day. The joke is that even though the stock did not grow appreciably, and actually sold at some point in the day for much lower, that it "could be an omen" that the value was rising.
|-
|Red + Green = Christmas
|Red and green are traditional colors for the {{w|Christmas}} holiday in the U.S.
|-
|Likely to continue forever
|This is the opinion held by everyone who buys at an all time high. It's been rising so much, surely it's the best time to buy! We could make millions! Such times are generally followed by a sharp downturn resulting in significant losses, as can be seen historically farther back on the chart. Cryptocurrency communities have significant members who call themselves "hodlers" -- these people always trust that the price will eventually go up even higher, because it has recovered so many times in the past.
|}

The title text is a quote from {{w|James Tobin}} (from his 1984 paper [https://economicsociologydotorg.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/tobin-on-the-efficiency-of-the-financial-system.pdf ''On the efficiency of the financial system'']) that raises a question of very talented people building systems to make themselves a lot of money without actually accomplishing anything worth money. The quote was about the stock market and high speed traders in particular. It comments on the 'financialization' of the economy, where activities like speculation and abstracted financial products have become an increasingly large part of the economy, as opposed to investment in productive industry.

Interestingly, this comic appeared the day after [https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/billionaire-wealth-grows-by-25-billion-a-day-while-poorest-wealth-falls/ Oxfam] reported that the world's 2,200 billionaires had added 12% to their wealth in 2018, while the 3.8 billion people comprising the poorest half of the world's population had lost 11%. Perhaps this prompted what appears to be Randall's jab at those whose business is merely making money.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A series of red and green box-and-whisker plots form a line that starts in the bottom left corner of the image and wiggles up to the top right corner, with a series of peaks and troughs that resemble a typical stock market diagram. The diagram is annotated with lines, arrows and text.]

::[Title in top left corner]
::The basics of technical analysis

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes:]
::Allegro

::[A horizontal bracket encompasses the next three sections]
::Prologue

::[Slope becomes slightly negative. Mostly red boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Decline

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Doldrums

::[Line curves upwards with mostly green boxes, with a dashed black line below:]
::Spline

::[Three green boxes at minor peaks in the line are circled and indicated with arrows:]
::[Hmm!]

::[A section with slight positive slope and a mixture of red and green boxes, with a solid black line below:]
::Lumbar support

::[Slope increases. All green boxes, with a black line through the centre:]
::Renewal

::[A sharp upwards incline, with two large green boxes:]
::Hark! The cliffs!

::[Two black dots and a dashed black line connect two major peaks:]
::These two points define a line! Promising signal

::[Inside trough between two major peaks is a roughly drawn black triangle:]
::Bathtub

::[Slope becomes negative, mostly red boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Declination

::[At the lowest point of the trough:]
::Inflection

::[Slope becomes positive, mostly green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Uptalk

::[Slight negative slope, with large error bars. Mixture of red and green boxes. One red box is marked with an arrow:]
::Yikes!

::[Negative slope, all red boxes. Gap between two central boxes is circled:]
::Wrong!

::[Line rises then falls. Mixture of red and green boxes with non-parallel dashed black lines above and below:]
::If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in a graph of a random walk.

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Slope!

::[One error bar on a green box is circled:]
::Could be an omen?

::[Arrow indicating peak:]
::Red + Green = Christmas!

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a wiggly black arrow through the centre. A separate arrow points off the edge of the page:]
::Likely to continue forever

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Christmas]] 
[[Category:Music]] 
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]

2101: Technical Analysis

2019-01-22T20:00:47Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2101
| date = January 21, 2019
| title = Technical Analysis
| image = technical_analysis.png
| titletext = "I [suspect] that we are throwing more and more of our resources, including the cream of our youth, into financial activities remote from the production of goods and services, into activities that generate high private rewards disproportionate to their social productivity. I suspect that the immense power of the computer is being harnessed to this 'paper economy', not to do the same transactions more economically but to balloon the quantity and variety of financial exchanges." --James Tobin, July 1984
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| Comic is still undergoing TECHNICAL ANALYSIS (this is just the prologue). Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

{{w|Technical analysis}} is a field which attempts to study stock markets, cryptocurrency markets, etc. statistically (without regard to the fundamental value of the assets), seeking to profit off the patterns that are found there.

The theoretical value of a stock is the sum of all its future earnings, with earnings in the future discounted appropriately to account for the {{w|time value of money}}. Because these earnings are never fully predictable, traders may have different ideas about the true value of a stock, and buy the stock if they believe the currently offered prices are particularly low, or sell it when the prices are high.

Technical analysis, however, does not even attempt to understand the earnings of the stock, instead focusing on the shapes and patterns that result from traders making their moves. While there is a human behavioral component to stock trading, it is not clear that one can extract much information from the shapes of stock charts. To the extent it does work, a substantial part of its success may be simply an artifact of the herd behavior of traders who engage in technical analysis, a zero-sum game.

The comic displays a {{w|Candlestick chart|stock price chart}}, annotated with labels which purport to be technical analysis. These labels are nonsense from the perspective of technical analysis, but do accurately describe the graph itself: "{{w|allegro}}" (a musical term used to set the tempo at the beginning of a score), "{{w|prologue}}" (an introductory section of a play, book, or similar), "{{w|lumbar}} support" (the thing in a chair shaped to better support your back), "bathtub" (possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"), "{{w|uptalk}}" (a speech pattern). One label celebrates that "these two points define a line! Promising signal." (In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line.)

The shape of the chart is similar to the exponential behavior of cryptocurrencies when they are successful, where price (positional height on the chart) roughly increases while volatility (height of the bars or candles themselves, and of the peaks and troughs, on the chart) does the same. Technical analysis used to be an esoteric domain held by well-paid stock analysts, but as cryptocurrency has spread and taken down the many barriers to engaging in investment trading, people from all walks of life have begun staring at charts like this.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Graph labels and possible meanings
|-
|{{w|Allegro_(music)|Allegro}}
|Tempo notation in music: played quickly and brightly - a series of very small changes in this region of the graph might suggest notes played quickly
|-
|Prologue
|A prologue is an introduction to a book or other work; this presumably refers to the initial period of minimal growth which is moving toward a much more active period
|-
|Decline
|Describes a negative trend
|-
|Doldrums
|A stagnant section of the graph with little movement
|-
|Spline
|A {{w|Spline (mathematics)|spline}} is a mathematical means of generating a smooth curve, referring to the smoothed curve shown here
|-
|{{w|Lumbar}} Support
|A cushion or other device that provides support to the lower part of the ''spine'', a play on the preceding ''spline''
|-
|Renewal
|Strong upward trend; also might suggest the growth of green bars, like greening up in the spring
|-
|Hmm!
|The three circles this label points to mark periods of growth that immediately preceded a decline. Ideally for someone performing a technical analysis, if such occurrences can be foreseen accurately it would be a major boon for the stockholder, as they could be tipped to sell it right away before the price drops and net a cash profit.
|-
|Hark! The cliffs!
|A long bar suggesting a steep cliff
|-
|Declination
|A term which sounds similar to decline, but actually refers to the angular distance of a point from one of the poles. The declination of magnetic north is used to correct the difference between true and magnetic north.
|-
|Inflection
|A point at which the slope of a graph changes from an increasing slope (getting steeper) to a decreasing slope (getting less steep).
|-
|Uptalk
|A pattern of speech in which each sentence ends with rising inflection? like a question? A play on "uptick", and also on the second meaning of "inflection"
|-
|Bathtub
|possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"
|-
|These two points define a line! Promising signal.
|In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line; also looks somewhat like a communication line between two towers. It is tempting when looking at market charts to draw imaginary lines that connect the extrema and hope it means something about the future. The drawn line in this case also just so happens to ignore the many periods of decline marked under "Declination" -- in this case it did eventually recover, but later labels (such as "likely to continue forever" at the end) suggest that this is more likely a case where blind optimism just so happens to have been right for those two particular points (as opposed to the many more possible pairs of points where the line wouldn't be so positive).
|-
|Yikes
|This section of the chart refers to the actual use of a candlestick chart, which is to document the difference between the opening and closing value of a stock. A long red bar shows that a stock closed at a much lower value than it opened at, which would be disastrous for someone trading that stock.
|-
|Wrong!
|The circled pair of bars are the only pair in the whole graph where two red bars (negative growth) that large are next to each other -- larger red bars exist, but not next to another one of similar magnitude. Labeling it "wrong" suggests the analyst is choosing to ignore reality by throwing out actual past data rather than revise the theory being held.
|-
|If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in the graph of a random walk
|A {{w|random walk}} is a mathematical object that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps. Randall is trying to convince himself that the patterns in the stock chart are more meaningful than just random data. The {{w|Random walk hypothesis|random walk hypothesis}} is a financial theory that states that stock prices evolve according to a random walk, thus short-term price changes are random and cannot be predicted from past history.
|-
|Slope
|The {{w|slope}} of a graph is the ratio of the "vertical change" to the "horizontal change". This could also be a play on a second meaning of slope, meaning a rising or falling surface in general.
|-
|Could be an omen
|This again makes reference to the financial meaning of the candlestick chart. The top of the small grey tick represents the highest value that the stock sold at over that day. The joke is that even though the stock did not grow appreciably, and actually sold at some point in the day for much lower, that it "could be an omen" that the value was rising.
|-
|Red + Green = Christmas
|Red and green are traditional colors for the {{w|Christmas}} holiday in the U.S.
|-
|Likely to continue forever
|This is the opinion held by everyone who buys at an all time high. It's been rising so much, surely it's the best time to buy! We could make millions! Such times are generally followed by a sharp downturn resulting in significant losses, as can be seen historically farther back on the chart. Cryptocurrency communities have significant members who call themselves "hodlers" -- these people always trust that the price will eventually go up even higher, because it has recovered so many times in the past.
|}

The title text is a quote from {{w|James Tobin}} (from his 1984 paper [https://economicsociologydotorg.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/tobin-on-the-efficiency-of-the-financial-system.pdf ''On the efficiency of the financial system'']) that raises a question of very talented people building systems to make themselves a lot of money without actually accomplishing anything worth money. The quote was about the stock market and high speed traders in particular. It comments on the 'financialization' of the economy, where activities like speculation and abstracted financial products have become an increasingly large part of the economy, as opposed to investment in productive industry.

Interestingly, this comic appeared the day after [https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/billionaire-wealth-grows-by-25-billion-a-day-while-poorest-wealth-falls/ Oxfam] reported that the world's 2,200 billionaires had added 12% to their wealth in 2018, while the 3.8 billion people comprising the poorest half of the world's population had lost 11%. Perhaps this prompted what appears to be Randall's jab at those whose business is merely making money.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A series of red and green box-and-whisker plots form a line that starts in the bottom left corner of the image and wiggles up to the top right corner, with a series of peaks and troughs that resemble a typical stock market diagram. The diagram is annotated with lines, arrows and text.]

::[Title in top left corner]
::The basics of technical analysis

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes:]
::Allegro

::[A horizontal bracket encompasses the next three sections]
::Prologue

::[Slope becomes slightly negative. Mostly red boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Decline

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Doldrums

::[Line curves upwards with mostly green boxes, with a dashed black line below:]
::Spline

::[Three green boxes at minor peaks in the line are circled and indicated with arrows:]
::[Hmm!]

::[A section with slight positive slope and a mixture of red and green boxes, with a solid black line below:]
::Lumbar support

::[Slope increases. All green boxes, with a black line through the centre:]
::Renewal

::[A sharp upwards incline, with two large green boxes:]
::Hark! The cliffs!

::[Two black dots and a dashed black line connect two major peaks:]
::These two points define a line! Promising signal

::[Inside trough between two major peaks is a roughly drawn black triangle:]
::Bathtub

::[Slope becomes negative, mostly red boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Declination

::[At the lowest point of the trough:]
::Inflection

::[Slope becomes positive, mostly green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Uptalk

::[Slight negative slope, with large error bars. Mixture of red and green boxes. One red box is marked with an arrow:]
::Yikes!

::[Negative slope, all red boxes. Gap between two central boxes is circled:]
::Wrong!

::[Line rises then falls. Mixture of red and green boxes with non-parallel dashed black lines above and below:]
::If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in a graph of a random walk.

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Slope!

::[One error bar on a green box is circled:]
::Could be an omen?

::[Arrow indicating peak:]
::Red + Green = Christmas!

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a wiggly black arrow through the centre. A separate arrow points off the edge of the page:]
::Likely to continue forever

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Christmas]] 
[[Category:Music]] 
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]

2101: Technical Analysis

2019-01-22T19:59:32Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2101
| date = January 21, 2019
| title = Technical Analysis
| image = technical_analysis.png
| titletext = "I [suspect] that we are throwing more and more of our resources, including the cream of our youth, into financial activities remote from the production of goods and services, into activities that generate high private rewards disproportionate to their social productivity. I suspect that the immense power of the computer is being harnessed to this 'paper economy', not to do the same transactions more economically but to balloon the quantity and variety of financial exchanges." --James Tobin, July 1984
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| Comic is still undergoing TECHNICAL ANALYSIS (this is just the prologue). Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

{{w|Technical analysis}} is a field which attempts to study stock markets, cryptocurrency markets, etc. statistically (without regard to the fundamental value of the assets), seeking to profit off the patterns that are found there.

The theoretical value of a stock is the sum of all its future earnings, with earnings in the future discounted appropriately to account for the {{w|time value of money}}. Because these earnings are never fully predictable, traders may have different ideas about the true value of a stock, and buy the stock if they believe the currently offered prices are particularly low, or sell it when the prices are high.

Technical analysis, however, does not even attempt to understand the earnings of the stock, instead focusing on the shapes and patterns that result from traders making their moves. While there is a human behavioral component to stock trading, it is not clear that one can extract much information from the shapes of stock charts. To the extent it does work, a substantial part of its success may be simply an artifact of the herd behavior of traders who engage in technical analysis, a zero-sum game.

The comic displays a {{w|Candlestick chart|stock price chart}}, annotated with labels which purport to be technical analysis. These labels are nonsense from the perspective of technical analysis, but do accurately describe the graph itself: "{{w|allegro}}" (a musical term used to set the tempo at the beginning of a score), "{{w|prologue}}" (an introductory section of a play, book, or similar), "{{w|lumbar}} support" (the thing in a chair shaped to better support your back), "bathtub" (possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"), "{{w|uptalk}}" (a speech pattern). One label celebrates that "these two points define a line! Promising signal." (In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line.)

The shape of the chart is similar to the exponential behavior of cryptocurrencies when they are successful, where price (positional height on the chart) roughly increases while volatility (height of the bars or candles themselves, and of the peaks and troughs, on the chart) does the same. Technical analysis used to be an esoteric domain held by well-paid stock analysts, but as cryptocurrency has spread and taken down the many barriers to engaging in investment trading, people from all walks of life have begun staring at charts like this.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Graph labels and possible meanings
|-
|{{w|Allegro_(music)|Allegro}}
|Tempo notation in music: played quickly and brightly - a series of very small changes in this region of the graph might suggest notes played quickly
|-
|Prologue
|A prologue is an introduction to a book or other work; this presumably refers to the initial period of minimal growth which is moving toward a much more active period
|-
|Decline
|Describes a negative trend
|-
|Doldrums
|A stagnant section of the graph with little movement
|-
|Spline
|A {{w|Spline (mathematics)|spline}} is a mathematical means of generating a smooth curve, referring to the smoothed curve shown here
|-
|{{w|Lumbar}} Support
|A cushion or other device that provides support to the lower part of the ''spine'', a play on the preceding ''spline''
|-
|Renewal
|Strong upward trend; also might suggest the growth of green bars, like greening up in the spring
|-
|Hmm!
|The three circles this label points to mark periods of growth that immediately preceded a decline. Ideally for someone performing a technical analysis, if such occurrences can be foreseen accurately it would be a major boon for the stockholder, as they could be tipped to sell it right away before the price drops and net a cash profit.
|-
|Hark! The cliffs!
|A long bar suggesting a steep cliff
|-
|Declination
|A term which sounds similar to decline, but actually refers to the angular distance of a point from one of the poles. The declination of magnetic north is used to correct the difference between true and magnetic north.
|-
|Inflection
|A point at which the slope of a graph changes
|-
|Uptalk
|A pattern of speech in which each sentence ends with rising inflection? like a question? A play on "uptick", and also on the second meaning of "inflection"
|-
|Bathtub
|possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"
|-
|These two points define a line! Promising signal.
|In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line; also looks somewhat like a communication line between two towers. It is tempting when looking at market charts to draw imaginary lines that connect the extrema and hope it means something about the future. The drawn line in this case also just so happens to ignore the many periods of decline marked under "Declination" -- in this case it did eventually recover, but later labels (such as "likely to continue forever" at the end) suggest that this is more likely a case where blind optimism just so happens to have been right for those two particular points (as opposed to the many more possible pairs of points where the line wouldn't be so positive).
|-
|Yikes
|This section of the chart refers to the actual use of a candlestick chart, which is to document the difference between the opening and closing value of a stock. A long red bar shows that a stock closed at a much lower value than it opened at, which would be disastrous for someone trading that stock.
|-
|Wrong!
|The circled pair of bars are the only pair in the whole graph where two red bars (negative growth) that large are next to each other -- larger red bars exist, but not next to another one of similar magnitude. Labeling it "wrong" suggests the analyst is choosing to ignore reality by throwing out actual past data rather than revise the theory being held.
|-
|If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in the graph of a random walk
|A {{w|random walk}} is a mathematical object that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps. Randall is trying to convince himself that the patterns in the stock chart are more meaningful than just random data. The {{w|Random walk hypothesis|random walk hypothesis}} is a financial theory that states that stock prices evolve according to a random walk, thus short-term price changes are random and cannot be predicted from past history.
|-
|Slope
|The {{w|slope}} of a graph is the ratio of the "vertical change" to the "horizontal change". This could also be a play on a second meaning of slope, meaning a rising or falling surface in general.
|-
|Could be an omen
|This again makes reference to the financial meaning of the candlestick chart. The top of the small grey tick represents the highest value that the stock sold at over that day. The joke is that even though the stock did not grow appreciably, and actually sold at some point in the day for much lower, that it "could be an omen" that the value was rising.
|-
|Red + Green = Christmas
|Red and green are traditional colors for the {{w|Christmas}} holiday in the U.S.
|-
|Likely to continue forever
|This is the opinion held by everyone who buys at an all time high. It's been rising so much, surely it's the best time to buy! We could make millions! Such times are generally followed by a sharp downturn resulting in significant losses, as can be seen historically farther back on the chart. Cryptocurrency communities have significant members who call themselves "hodlers" -- these people always trust that the price will eventually go up even higher, because it has recovered so many times in the past.
|}

The title text is a quote from {{w|James Tobin}} (from his 1984 paper [https://economicsociologydotorg.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/tobin-on-the-efficiency-of-the-financial-system.pdf ''On the efficiency of the financial system'']) that raises a question of very talented people building systems to make themselves a lot of money without actually accomplishing anything worth money. The quote was about the stock market and high speed traders in particular. It comments on the 'financialization' of the economy, where activities like speculation and abstracted financial products have become an increasingly large part of the economy, as opposed to investment in productive industry.

Interestingly, this comic appeared the day after [https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/billionaire-wealth-grows-by-25-billion-a-day-while-poorest-wealth-falls/ Oxfam] reported that the world's 2,200 billionaires had added 12% to their wealth in 2018, while the 3.8 billion people comprising the poorest half of the world's population had lost 11%. Perhaps this prompted what appears to be Randall's jab at those whose business is merely making money.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A series of red and green box-and-whisker plots form a line that starts in the bottom left corner of the image and wiggles up to the top right corner, with a series of peaks and troughs that resemble a typical stock market diagram. The diagram is annotated with lines, arrows and text.]

::[Title in top left corner]
::The basics of technical analysis

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes:]
::Allegro

::[A horizontal bracket encompasses the next three sections]
::Prologue

::[Slope becomes slightly negative. Mostly red boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Decline

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Doldrums

::[Line curves upwards with mostly green boxes, with a dashed black line below:]
::Spline

::[Three green boxes at minor peaks in the line are circled and indicated with arrows:]
::[Hmm!]

::[A section with slight positive slope and a mixture of red and green boxes, with a solid black line below:]
::Lumbar support

::[Slope increases. All green boxes, with a black line through the centre:]
::Renewal

::[A sharp upwards incline, with two large green boxes:]
::Hark! The cliffs!

::[Two black dots and a dashed black line connect two major peaks:]
::These two points define a line! Promising signal

::[Inside trough between two major peaks is a roughly drawn black triangle:]
::Bathtub

::[Slope becomes negative, mostly red boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Declination

::[At the lowest point of the trough:]
::Inflection

::[Slope becomes positive, mostly green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Uptalk

::[Slight negative slope, with large error bars. Mixture of red and green boxes. One red box is marked with an arrow:]
::Yikes!

::[Negative slope, all red boxes. Gap between two central boxes is circled:]
::Wrong!

::[Line rises then falls. Mixture of red and green boxes with non-parallel dashed black lines above and below:]
::If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in a graph of a random walk.

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Slope!

::[One error bar on a green box is circled:]
::Could be an omen?

::[Arrow indicating peak:]
::Red + Green = Christmas!

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a wiggly black arrow through the centre. A separate arrow points off the edge of the page:]
::Likely to continue forever

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Christmas]] 
[[Category:Music]] 
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]

2101: Technical Analysis

2019-01-22T19:57:19Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2101
| date = January 21, 2019
| title = Technical Analysis
| image = technical_analysis.png
| titletext = "I [suspect] that we are throwing more and more of our resources, including the cream of our youth, into financial activities remote from the production of goods and services, into activities that generate high private rewards disproportionate to their social productivity. I suspect that the immense power of the computer is being harnessed to this 'paper economy', not to do the same transactions more economically but to balloon the quantity and variety of financial exchanges." --James Tobin, July 1984
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| Comic is still undergoing TECHNICAL ANALYSIS (this is just the prologue). Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

{{w|Technical analysis}} is a field which attempts to study stock markets, cryptocurrency markets, etc. statistically (without regard to the fundamental value of the assets), seeking to profit off the patterns that are found there.

The theoretical value of a stock is the sum of all its future earnings, with earnings in the future discounted appropriately to account for the {{w|time value of money}}. Because these earnings are never fully predictable, traders may have different ideas about the true value of a stock, and buy the stock if they believe the currently offered prices are particularly low, or sell it when the prices are high.

Technical analysis, however, does not even attempt to understand the earnings of the stock, instead focusing on the shapes and patterns that result from traders making their moves. While there is a human behavioral component to stock trading, it is not clear that one can extract much information from the shapes of stock charts. To the extent it does work, a substantial part of its success may be simply an artifact of the herd behavior of traders who engage in technical analysis, a zero-sum game.

The comic displays a {{w|Candlestick chart|stock price chart}}, annotated with labels which purport to be technical analysis. These labels are nonsense from the perspective of technical analysis, but do accurately describe the graph itself: "{{w|allegro}}" (a musical term used to set the tempo at the beginning of a score), "{{w|prologue}}" (an introductory section of a play, book, or similar), "{{w|lumbar}} support" (the thing in a chair shaped to better support your back), "bathtub" (possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"), "{{w|uptalk}}" (a speech pattern). One label celebrates that "these two points define a line! Promising signal." (In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line.)

The shape of the chart is similar to the exponential behavior of cryptocurrencies when they are successful, where price (positional height on the chart) roughly increases while volatility (height of the bars or candles themselves, and of the peaks and troughs, on the chart) does the same. Technical analysis used to be an esoteric domain held by well-paid stock analysts, but as cryptocurrency has spread and taken down the many barriers to engaging in investment trading, people from all walks of life have begun staring at charts like this.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Graph labels and possible meanings
|-
|{{w|Allegro_(music)|Allegro}}
|Tempo notation in music: played quickly and brightly - a series of very small changes in this region of the graph might suggest notes played quickly
|-
|Prologue
|A prologue is an introduction to a book or other work; this presumably refers to the initial period of minimal growth which is moving toward a much more active period
|-
|Decline
|Describes a negative trend
|-
|Doldrums
|A stagnant section of the graph with little movement
|-
|Spline
|A {{w|Spline (mathematics)|spline}} is a mathematical means of generating a smooth curve, referring to the smoothed curve shown here
|-
|{{w|Lumbar}} Support
|A cushion or other device that provides support to the lower part of the ''spine'', a play on the preceding ''spline''
|-
|Renewal
|Strong upward trend; also might suggest the growth of green bars, like greening up in the spring
|-
|Hmm!
|The three circles this label points to mark periods of growth that immediately preceded a decline. Ideally for someone performing a technical analysis, if such occurrences can be foreseen accurately it would be a major boon for the stockholder, as they could be tipped to sell it right away before the price drops and net a cash profit.
|-
|Hark! The cliffs!
|A long bar suggesting a steep cliff
|-
|Declination
|A term which sounds similar to decline, but actually refers to the angular distance of a point from one of the poles. The declination of magnetic north is used to correct the difference between true and magnetic north.
|-
|Inflection
|A point at which the slope of a graph changes
|-
|Uptalk
|A pattern of speech in which each sentence ends with rising inflection? like a question? A play on "uptick", and also on the second meaning of "inflection"
|-
|Bathtub
|possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"
|-
|These two points define a line! Promising signal.
|In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line; also looks somewhat like a communication line between two towers. It is tempting when looking at market charts to draw imaginary lines that connect the extrema and hope it means something about the future. The drawn line in this case also just so happens to ignore the many periods of decline marked under "Declination" -- in this case it did eventually recover, but later labels (such as "likely to continue forever" at the end) suggest that this is more likely a case where blind optimism just so happens to have been right for those two particular points (as opposed to the many more possible pairs of points where the line wouldn't be so positive).
|-
|Yikes
|This section of the chart refers to the actual use of a candlestick chart, which is to document the difference between the opening and closing value of a stock. A long red bar shows that a stock closed at a much lower value than it opened at, which would be disastrous for someone trading that stock.
|-
|Wrong!
|The circled pair of bars are the only pair in the whole graph where two red bars (negative growth) that large are next to each other -- larger red bars exist, but not next to another one of similar magnitude. Labeling it "wrong" suggests the analyst is choosing to ignore reality by throwing out actual past data rather than revise the theory being held.
|-
|If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in the graph of a random walk
|A {{w|random walk}} is a mathematical object that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps. Randall is trying to convince himself that the patterns in the stock chart are more meaningful than just random data. The {{w|Random walk hypothesis|random walk hypothesis}} is a financial theory that states that stock prices evolve according to a random walk, thus short-term price changes are random and cannot be predicted from past history.
|-
|Slope
|The {{w|slope}} of a graph is the ratio of the "vertical change" to the "horizontal change". This could also be a play on a second meaning of slope, meaning a rising or falling surface in general.
|-
|Could be an omen
|
|-
|Red + Green = Christmas
|Red and green are traditional colors for the {{w|Christmas}} holiday in the U.S.
|-
|Likely to continue forever
|This is the opinion held by everyone who buys at an all time high. It's been rising so much, surely it's the best time to buy! We could make millions! Such times are generally followed by a sharp downturn resulting in significant losses, as can be seen historically farther back on the chart. Cryptocurrency communities have significant members who call themselves "hodlers" -- these people always trust that the price will eventually go up even higher, because it has recovered so many times in the past.
|}

The title text is a quote from {{w|James Tobin}} (from his 1984 paper [https://economicsociologydotorg.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/tobin-on-the-efficiency-of-the-financial-system.pdf ''On the efficiency of the financial system'']) that raises a question of very talented people building systems to make themselves a lot of money without actually accomplishing anything worth money. The quote was about the stock market and high speed traders in particular. It comments on the 'financialization' of the economy, where activities like speculation and abstracted financial products have become an increasingly large part of the economy, as opposed to investment in productive industry.

Interestingly, this comic appeared the day after [https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/billionaire-wealth-grows-by-25-billion-a-day-while-poorest-wealth-falls/ Oxfam] reported that the world's 2,200 billionaires had added 12% to their wealth in 2018, while the 3.8 billion people comprising the poorest half of the world's population had lost 11%. Perhaps this prompted what appears to be Randall's jab at those whose business is merely making money.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A series of red and green box-and-whisker plots form a line that starts in the bottom left corner of the image and wiggles up to the top right corner, with a series of peaks and troughs that resemble a typical stock market diagram. The diagram is annotated with lines, arrows and text.]

::[Title in top left corner]
::The basics of technical analysis

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes:]
::Allegro

::[A horizontal bracket encompasses the next three sections]
::Prologue

::[Slope becomes slightly negative. Mostly red boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Decline

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Doldrums

::[Line curves upwards with mostly green boxes, with a dashed black line below:]
::Spline

::[Three green boxes at minor peaks in the line are circled and indicated with arrows:]
::[Hmm!]

::[A section with slight positive slope and a mixture of red and green boxes, with a solid black line below:]
::Lumbar support

::[Slope increases. All green boxes, with a black line through the centre:]
::Renewal

::[A sharp upwards incline, with two large green boxes:]
::Hark! The cliffs!

::[Two black dots and a dashed black line connect two major peaks:]
::These two points define a line! Promising signal

::[Inside trough between two major peaks is a roughly drawn black triangle:]
::Bathtub

::[Slope becomes negative, mostly red boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Declination

::[At the lowest point of the trough:]
::Inflection

::[Slope becomes positive, mostly green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Uptalk

::[Slight negative slope, with large error bars. Mixture of red and green boxes. One red box is marked with an arrow:]
::Yikes!

::[Negative slope, all red boxes. Gap between two central boxes is circled:]
::Wrong!

::[Line rises then falls. Mixture of red and green boxes with non-parallel dashed black lines above and below:]
::If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in a graph of a random walk.

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Slope!

::[One error bar on a green box is circled:]
::Could be an omen?

::[Arrow indicating peak:]
::Red + Green = Christmas!

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a wiggly black arrow through the centre. A separate arrow points off the edge of the page:]
::Likely to continue forever

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Christmas]] 
[[Category:Music]] 
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]

2101: Technical Analysis

2019-01-22T19:54:40Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2101
| date = January 21, 2019
| title = Technical Analysis
| image = technical_analysis.png
| titletext = "I [suspect] that we are throwing more and more of our resources, including the cream of our youth, into financial activities remote from the production of goods and services, into activities that generate high private rewards disproportionate to their social productivity. I suspect that the immense power of the computer is being harnessed to this 'paper economy', not to do the same transactions more economically but to balloon the quantity and variety of financial exchanges." --James Tobin, July 1984
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| Comic is still undergoing TECHNICAL ANALYSIS (this is just the prologue). Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

{{w|Technical analysis}} is a field which attempts to study stock markets, cryptocurrency markets, etc. statistically (without regard to the fundamental value of the assets), seeking to profit off the patterns that are found there.

The theoretical value of a stock is the sum of all its future earnings, with earnings in the future discounted appropriately to account for the {{w|time value of money}}. Because these earnings are never fully predictable, traders may have different ideas about the true value of a stock, and buy the stock if they believe the currently offered prices are particularly low, or sell it when the prices are high.

Technical analysis, however, does not even attempt to understand the earnings of the stock, instead focusing on the shapes and patterns that result from traders making their moves. While there is a human behavioral component to stock trading, it is not clear that one can extract much information from the shapes of stock charts. To the extent it does work, a substantial part of its success may be simply an artifact of the herd behavior of traders who engage in technical analysis, a zero-sum game.

The comic displays a {{w|Candlestick chart|stock price chart}}, annotated with labels which purport to be technical analysis. These labels are nonsense from the perspective of technical analysis, but do accurately describe the graph itself: "{{w|allegro}}" (a musical term used to set the tempo at the beginning of a score), "{{w|prologue}}" (an introductory section of a play, book, or similar), "{{w|lumbar}} support" (the thing in a chair shaped to better support your back), "bathtub" (possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"), "{{w|uptalk}}" (a speech pattern). One label celebrates that "these two points define a line! Promising signal." (In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line.)

The shape of the chart is similar to the exponential behavior of cryptocurrencies when they are successful, where price (positional height on the chart) roughly increases while volatility (height of the bars or candles themselves, and of the peaks and troughs, on the chart) does the same. Technical analysis used to be an esoteric domain held by well-paid stock analysts, but as cryptocurrency has spread and taken down the many barriers to engaging in investment trading, people from all walks of life have begun staring at charts like this.

{| class="wikitable"
|+Graph labels and possible meanings
|-
|{{w|Allegro_(music)|Allegro}}
|Tempo notation in music: played quickly and brightly - a series of very small changes in this region of the graph might suggest notes played quickly
|-
|Prologue
|A prologue is an introduction to a book or other work; this presumably refers to the initial period of minimal growth which is moving toward a much more active period
|-
|Decline
|Describes a negative trend
|-
|Doldrums
|A stagnant section of the graph with little movement
|-
|Spline
|A {{w|Spline (mathematics)|spline}} is a mathematical means of generating a smooth curve, referring to the smoothed curve shown here
|-
|{{w|Lumbar}} Support
|A cushion or other device that provides support to the lower part of the ''spine'', a play on the preceding ''spline''
|-
|Renewal
|Strong upward trend; also might suggest the growth of green bars, like greening up in the spring
|-
|Hmm!
|The three circles this label points to mark periods of growth that immediately preceded a decline. Ideally for someone performing a technical analysis, if such occurrences can be foreseen accurately it would be a major boon for the stockholder, as they could be tipped to sell it right away before the price drops and net a cash profit.
|-
|Hark! The cliffs!
|A long bar suggesting a steep cliff
|-
|Declination
|A term which sounds similar to decline, but actually refers to the angular distance of a point from one of the poles. The declination of magnetic north is used to correct the difference between true and magnetic north.
|-
|Inflection
|A point at which the slope of a graph changes
|-
|Uptalk
|A pattern of speech in which each sentence ends with rising inflection? like a question? A play on "uptick", and also on the second meaning of "inflection"
|-
|Bathtub
|possibly a reference to the so-called "{{w|Bathtub curve}}"
|-
|These two points define a line! Promising signal.
|In Euclidian geometry, any two points define a line; also looks somewhat like a communication line between two towers. It is tempting when looking at market charts to draw imaginary lines that connect the extrema and hope it means something about the future. The drawn line in this case also just so happens to ignore the many periods of decline marked under "Declination" -- in this case it did eventually recover, but later labels (such as "likely to continue forever" at the end) suggest that this is more likely a case where blind optimism just so happens to have been right for those two particular points (as opposed to the many more possible pairs of points where the line wouldn't be so positive).
|-
|Yikes
|
|-
|Wrong!
|The circled pair of bars are the only pair in the whole graph where two red bars (negative growth) that large are next to each other -- larger red bars exist, but not next to another one of similar magnitude. Labeling it "wrong" suggests the analyst is choosing to ignore reality by throwing out actual past data rather than revise the theory being held.
|-
|If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in the graph of a random walk
|A {{w|random walk}} is a mathematical object that describes a path that consists of a succession of random steps. Randall is trying to convince himself that the patterns in the stock chart are more meaningful than just random data. The {{w|Random walk hypothesis|random walk hypothesis}} is a financial theory that states that stock prices evolve according to a random walk, thus short-term price changes are random and cannot be predicted from past history.
|-
|Slope
|The {{w|slope}} of a graph is the ratio of the "vertical change" to the "horizontal change". This could also be a play on a second meaning of slope, meaning a rising or falling surface in general.
|-
|Could be an omen
|
|-
|Red + Green = Christmas
|Red and green are traditional colors for the {{w|Christmas}} holiday in the U.S.
|-
|Likely to continue forever
|This is the opinion held by everyone who buys at an all time high. It's been rising so much, surely it's the best time to buy! We could make millions! Such times are generally followed by a sharp downturn resulting in significant losses, as can be seen historically farther back on the chart. Cryptocurrency communities have significant members who call themselves "hodlers" -- these people always trust that the price will eventually go up even higher, because it has recovered so many times in the past.
|}

The title text is a quote from {{w|James Tobin}} (from his 1984 paper [https://economicsociologydotorg.files.wordpress.com/2014/12/tobin-on-the-efficiency-of-the-financial-system.pdf ''On the efficiency of the financial system'']) that raises a question of very talented people building systems to make themselves a lot of money without actually accomplishing anything worth money. The quote was about the stock market and high speed traders in particular. It comments on the 'financialization' of the economy, where activities like speculation and abstracted financial products have become an increasingly large part of the economy, as opposed to investment in productive industry.

Interestingly, this comic appeared the day after [https://www.oxfamamerica.org/explore/stories/billionaire-wealth-grows-by-25-billion-a-day-while-poorest-wealth-falls/ Oxfam] reported that the world's 2,200 billionaires had added 12% to their wealth in 2018, while the 3.8 billion people comprising the poorest half of the world's population had lost 11%. Perhaps this prompted what appears to be Randall's jab at those whose business is merely making money.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

:[A series of red and green box-and-whisker plots form a line that starts in the bottom left corner of the image and wiggles up to the top right corner, with a series of peaks and troughs that resemble a typical stock market diagram. The diagram is annotated with lines, arrows and text.]

::[Title in top left corner]
::The basics of technical analysis

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes:]
::Allegro

::[A horizontal bracket encompasses the next three sections]
::Prologue

::[Slope becomes slightly negative. Mostly red boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Decline

::[A roughly horizontal section with mostly green boxes, bordered with a black line above and below:]
::Doldrums

::[Line curves upwards with mostly green boxes, with a dashed black line below:]
::Spline

::[Three green boxes at minor peaks in the line are circled and indicated with arrows:]
::[Hmm!]

::[A section with slight positive slope and a mixture of red and green boxes, with a solid black line below:]
::Lumbar support

::[Slope increases. All green boxes, with a black line through the centre:]
::Renewal

::[A sharp upwards incline, with two large green boxes:]
::Hark! The cliffs!

::[Two black dots and a dashed black line connect two major peaks:]
::These two points define a line! Promising signal

::[Inside trough between two major peaks is a roughly drawn black triangle:]
::Bathtub

::[Slope becomes negative, mostly red boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Declination

::[At the lowest point of the trough:]
::Inflection

::[Slope becomes positive, mostly green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Uptalk

::[Slight negative slope, with large error bars. Mixture of red and green boxes. One red box is marked with an arrow:]
::Yikes!

::[Negative slope, all red boxes. Gap between two central boxes is circled:]
::Wrong!

::[Line rises then falls. Mixture of red and green boxes with non-parallel dashed black lines above and below:]
::If I add some lines here I can convince myself I'm doing something more than just seeing patterns in a graph of a random walk.

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a black line through the centre:]
::Slope!

::[One error bar on a green box is circled:]
::Could be an omen?

::[Arrow indicating peak:]
::Red + Green = Christmas!

::[Positive slope, all green boxes with a wiggly black arrow through the centre. A separate arrow points off the edge of the page:]
::Likely to continue forever

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Christmas]] 
[[Category:Music]] 
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]

2026: Heat Index

2018-08-27T19:32:55Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2026
| date = July 30, 2018
| title = Heat Index
| image = heat_index.png
| titletext = The heat index is calculated via looking up the "effective temperature" in a table of air temperature and humidity values, and then adding a bunch more degrees because it feels WAY hotter than that.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| - Needs to be expanded. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
Heat index, like wind chill, is a way to combine multiple factors, in this case temperature and humidity, to get a single number indicating what the air "feels like." {{w|Heat index}} gives a table, a formula, and lots more explanation.

Human skin does not directly detect temperature - only the rate of heat gain or loss. This is why a piece of metal feels cooler than a piece of plastic or wood at the same exact temperature (below body temperature, above it is the other way around) - the metal conducts heat away from the higher body temperature at a higher rate than a good insulator does.

So in warm weather, it's not just the temperature that matters for comfort. The humidity and wind speed also factor into it. When humidity is high, sweat evaporation is less effective at cooling us off than in a "dry heat" with low humidity.

Hence, meteorologists use a combination of temperature and humidity to come up with the "heat index" value...and a combination of temperature and wind speed to produce a "wind chill" number.

Neither scale is particularly scientific in terms of measuring how people feel - but both are a more accurate representation of comfort levels than temperature alone.

The joke here is that these numbers seem entirely subjectively chosen - and in a sense, they really are, although they are calculated from an actual formula (a multivariate fit to a mathematical model of the human body - with nine terms!) and not by guesswork as the flow chart implies.

The title text suggests another way it is calculated: by looking up a table of effective temperature, which is calculated based on the conductivity of heat based on humidity, which is a legitimate method of determining how hot something feels, and then adding an arbitrary number of degrees.

==Transcript==
:[A flowchart is shown beneath its title:]
:How to Calculate the "Heat Index":

:[There are four boxes with arrows between. The first rectangular box is at the top, and an arrow points straight down:]
:Measure the Temperature

:[From there an arrow goes straight down to a decision diamond:]
:Does it look hot enough?

:[Two arrow goes out from the diamond. One goes straight down to another rectangular box. Both the arrow and the box has labels:]
:No
:Add a few degrees

:[From the bottom box an arrow goes back to the diamond. The other arrow from the diamond goes right to a final box with no arrows. Again both the arrow and the box has labels:]
:Yes
:Done

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Flowcharts]]

2026: Heat Index

2018-08-27T19:32:38Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2026
| date = July 30, 2018
| title = Heat Index
| image = heat_index.png
| titletext = The heat index is calculated via looking up the "effective temperature" in a table of air temperature and humidity values, and then adding a bunch more degrees because it feels WAY hotter than that.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| - Needs to be expanded, and the title text needs to be explained. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
Heat index, like wind chill, is a way to combine multiple factors, in this case temperature and humidity, to get a single number indicating what the air "feels like." {{w|Heat index}} gives a table, a formula, and lots more explanation.

Human skin does not directly detect temperature - only the rate of heat gain or loss. This is why a piece of metal feels cooler than a piece of plastic or wood at the same exact temperature (below body temperature, above it is the other way around) - the metal conducts heat away from the higher body temperature at a higher rate than a good insulator does.

So in warm weather, it's not just the temperature that matters for comfort. The humidity and wind speed also factor into it. When humidity is high, sweat evaporation is less effective at cooling us off than in a "dry heat" with low humidity.

Hence, meteorologists use a combination of temperature and humidity to come up with the "heat index" value...and a combination of temperature and wind speed to produce a "wind chill" number.

Neither scale is particularly scientific in terms of measuring how people feel - but both are a more accurate representation of comfort levels than temperature alone.

The joke here is that these numbers seem entirely subjectively chosen - and in a sense, they really are, although they are calculated from an actual formula (a multivariate fit to a mathematical model of the human body - with nine terms!) and not by guesswork as the flow chart implies.

The title text suggests another way it is calculated: by looking up a table of effective temperature, which is calculated based on the conductivity of heat based on humidity, which is a legitimate method of determining how hot something feels, and then adding an arbitrary number of degrees.

==Transcript==
:[A flowchart is shown beneath its title:]
:How to Calculate the "Heat Index":

:[There are four boxes with arrows between. The first rectangular box is at the top, and an arrow points straight down:]
:Measure the Temperature

:[From there an arrow goes straight down to a decision diamond:]
:Does it look hot enough?

:[Two arrow goes out from the diamond. One goes straight down to another rectangular box. Both the arrow and the box has labels:]
:No
:Add a few degrees

:[From the bottom box an arrow goes back to the diamond. The other arrow from the diamond goes right to a final box with no arrows. Again both the arrow and the box has labels:]
:Yes
:Done

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Flowcharts]]

2008: Irony Definition

2018-08-27T19:30:02Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2008
| date = June 18, 2018
| title = Irony Definition
| image = irony_definition.png
| titletext = Can you stop glaring at me like that? It makes me feel really ironic.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| the prose is terrible and unnecessary for this wiki, this does not fit the standards of our explanations, most of it is quotes from another place. It is not our job to exhaustively present the arguments around the uses of the word ironic, merely to give as much information as is needed to understand the comic. - Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

This joke presents a snapshot of an argument between Blackhat and Cueball. They have clearly been discussing Blackhat's 'misuse' of the term ironic.

The misuse of the word ironic when one means especially inconvenient is a common one, with a well-known example being Alanis Morissette's song "Ironic".

This issue represents one that exists on a larger scale with so-called "Grammar Nazis" correcting grammar and word choice in ways that do not affect the overall meaning.

In the comic, Blackhat misuses the word ironic by saying that it's funny, because even though he didn't use a word correctly, he is not upset about it.

The title text then continues the joke by misusing the word 'ironic' as if it were a feeling.

==Transcript==
:[Black Hat and Cueball are walking together, with Black Hat walking behind Cueball with his arms out and palms up. Cueball is visibly upset, as evidenced by the squiggle floating above his head and his balled up fists.]
:Black Hat: It's ironic how '''''you''''' know the definition of irony, yet '''''I'm''''' the one in this conversation who's happy.

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Black Hat]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]

2008: Irony Definition

2018-08-27T19:29:18Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2008
| date = June 18, 2018
| title = Irony Definition
| image = irony_definition.png
| titletext = Can you stop glaring at me like that? It makes me feel really ironic.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete| the prose is terrible and unnecessary for this wiki, this does not fit the standards of our explanations, most of it is quotes from another place. It is not our job to exhaustively present the arguments around the uses of the word ironic, merely to give as much information as is needed to understand the comic. - Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

This joke presents a snapshot of an argument between Blackhat and Cueball. They have clearly been discussing Blackhat's 'misuse' of the term ironic.

The misuse of the word ironic when one means especially inconvenient is a common one, with a well-known example being Alanis Morissette's song "Ironic".

This issue represents one that exists on a larger scale with so-called "Grammar Nazis" correcting grammar and word choice in ways that do not affect the overall meaning.

In the comic, Blackhat misuses the word ironic by saying that it's funny, because even though he didn't use a word correctly, he is not upset about it.

==Transcript==
:[Black Hat and Cueball are walking together, with Black Hat walking behind Cueball with his arms out and palms up. Cueball is visibly upset, as evidenced by the squiggle floating above his head and his balled up fists.]
:Black Hat: It's ironic how '''''you''''' know the definition of irony, yet '''''I'm''''' the one in this conversation who's happy.

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Black Hat]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]

2037: Supreme Court Bracket

2018-08-27T19:22:22Z

Steammaster: /* Loving (winner) v. Virginia, April 10, 1967 - June 12, 1967 */

{{comic
| number = 2037
| date = August 24, 2018
| title = Supreme Court Bracket
| image = supreme_court_bracket.png
| titletext = My bracket was busted in the first round; I had Massachusetts v. Connecticut in the final, probably in a case over who gets to annex Rhode Island.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Each court case needs its own explanation, preferably a small paragraph instead of a sentence in parentheses. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

The {{w|Supreme Court of the United States}} is the highest federal court of the United States. A {{w|Bracket (tournament)|tournament bracket}} is a tree diagram that represents the series of games played during a knockout tournament. [[Randall]] suggests that the winners of the 16 listed court cases will file against each other and then again until the final winner is selected. However, many of them were humans who lived too far apart chronologically for that to be possible. For example, over 100 years separated Gibbons v. Ogden from Near v. Minnesota, making a lawsuit between {{w|Thomas Gibbons|Thomas Gibbons}} and J.M. Near improbable. (Minnesota is a state and could survive indefinitely, but it lost the case.) In fact, Thomas Gibbons died in 1826, making it impossible for him to be a party to a lawsuit subsequent to Near v. Minnesota, which was decided in 1931.

Court cases are typically titled as plaintiff versus defendant. Randall is spoofing this idea by imagining famous Supreme Court cases as though they were games in the first round of a single-elimination tournament, similar to college basketball's {{w|NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament|March Madness}}, complete with a ranking bracket. "Sweet 16" in the context of a tournament refers to the stage in a tournament where 16 competitors remain. This comic's concept is thus a word play on "court" (court of law v. basketball court).

The cases are:
====Marbury v. ''Madison'' (winner), 1803====
The case {{w|Marbury v. Madison|Marbury v. Madison}} declared a provision of the {{w|Judiciary Act of 1789}} unconstitutional, thus preventing several late-term appointments by outgoing President {{w|John Adams}} from being seated under incoming President {{w|Thomas Jefferson}}. More importantly, the ruling established the principle of {{w|judicial review}} by which the Supreme Court can overturn, on the basis of unconstitutionality, laws passed by {{w|United States Congress|Congress}} and signed into law by the {{w|President of the United States|President}}. For this reason it is considered the single most important decision in American constitutional law.

====''McCulloch'' (winner) v. Maryland, 1819====
The case {{w|McCulloch v. Maryland|McCulloch v. Maryland}} established a broad interpretation of the "necessary and proper" clause, specifically finding that Congress could incorporate a Bank of the United States because the purpose was to help carry out Congress' explicit powers under Article I, section 8.

====''Gibbons'' (winner) v. Ogden, 1824====
The case {{w|Gibbons v. Ogden|Gibbons v. Ogden}} established that interstate commerce is regulated by the U.S. Congress according to the U.S. Constitution, that interstate navigation is fundamental to interstate commerce, and that therefore the power to regulate interstate navigation in this way rests with the U.S. Congress, not with any state legislature.

On 01 March 1824, the US Supreme Court decided in favor of Thomas Gibbons in his appeal of a case brought against him by Aaron Ogden in an attempt to prevent Gibbons from operating steamboats to transport goods and passengers between New York City, New York and Elizabethtown, New Jersey. The US Supreme Court decision reversed a prior injunction against Gibbons issued by a New York State court deciding that Ogden held exclusive navigational rights by way of having licensed them from two men to whom the New York State Legislature had granted the navigation rights in several acts between 1798 and 1807.

====''Near'' (winner) v. Minnesota, Jan 30, 1930 – Jun 1, 1931====
The case {{w|Near v. Minnesota|Near v. Minnesota}} is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision that found that prior restraints on publication violate freedom of the press as protected under the {{w|First Amendment to the United States Constitution}}, a principle that was applied to free speech generally in subsequent jurisprudence. The Court ruled that a Minnesota law that targeted publishers of "malicious" or "scandalous" newspapers violated the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Noteworthy it was later a key precedent in {{w|New York Times Co. v. United States}} (1971), in which the court ruled against the Nixon administration's attempt to enjoin publication of the Pentagon Papers.

====''NLRB'' (winner) v. Jones & Laughlin, 1937====
{{w|NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.|National Labor Relations Board v Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation}} was a US labor law case. It declared that the {{w|National Labor Relations Act of 1935}} was constitutional. It effectively preserved the {{w|New Deal}}, which was being pursued by US President {{w|Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt}} in reaction to the {{w|Great Depression}}. Previous Supreme Court cases, unlike ''NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin'', had invalidated New Deal statutes.

====''Brown'' (winner) v. Board of Education, Dec 9, 1952 – May 17, 1954====
The case {{w|Brown v. Board of Education|Brown v. Board of Education}} the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. It stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."

This ruling paved the way for the {{w|Civil rights movement|Civil Rights Movement}}. However, the decision did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in {{w|Brown v. Board of Education#Brown II|Brown II}} only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed."

====''Gideon'' (winner) v. Wainwright, 1963====
In the case {{w|Gideon v. Wainwright|'''Gideon''' v. Wainwright}} the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the {{w|Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Sixth Amendment}} to the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney or lawyer to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys.

====''Griswold'' (winner) v. Connecticut, 1965====
ToDo:{{w|Griswold v. Connecticut|Griswold v. Connecticut}}
(right to birth control)

====''Miranda'' (winner) v. Arizona, 1966====
ToDo:{{w|Miranda v. Arizona|Miranda v. Arizona}}
(required police to inform suspects of their rights)

====''Loving'' (winner) v. Virginia, April 10, 1967 - June 12, 1967====
In {{w|Loving v. Virginia|Loving v. Virginia}} the Supreme Court ruled that state laws prohibiting interracial marriage were unconstitutional, and were struck down.

====''Roe'' (winner) v. Wade, January 22, 1973====
In {{w|Roe v. Wade|Roe v. Wade}} the Supreme Court ruled that a women's right to privacy balanced against the state's interest in limiting abortions allowed women to undergo abortions in the first and second trimesters.

====''United States'' (winner) v. Nixon, July 8, 1974 - July 24, 1974====
ToDo: {{w|United States v. Nixon|United States v. Nixon}}
(ordered president Nixon to turn over Watergate tapes)

====''Bush'' (winner) v. Gore, December 12, 2000=====
ToDo: {{w|Bush v. Gore|Bush v. Gore}}
(disputed 2000 Presidential election)

====''Lawrence'' (winner) v. Texas, June 26, 2003====
ToDo:{{w|Lawrence v. Texas|Lawrence v. Texas}}
(invalidated sodomy laws)

====''Massachusetts'' (winner) v. EPA, 2007====
ToDo:{{w|Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency|Massachusetts v. EPA}}
(decided that the state of Massachusetts has standing to sue the EPA for not doing enough against global warming)

====''Obergefell'' (winner) v. Hodges, June 26, 2015====
ToDo:{{w|Obergefell v. Hodges|Obergefell v. Hodges}}
(requiring government recognition of same-sex marriage)

The title text refers to a practice of filling out a March Madness bracket, predicting a winner for each game up to the championship. A bracket is "busted" when the result of a game is not as predicted; because future matchups depend on previous results, the whole bracket is worthless at that point. Randall "had Massachusetts v. Connecticut in the final", predicting both parties would win all previous rounds and advance to the final game/case. Because Connecticut lost its first-round case to Griswold, his bracket is busted in the first round.

In the second part of the title text, Randall writes: "I had Massachusetts v. Connecticut in the final, probably in a case over who gets to annex Rhode Island." In fact, there actually was a Supreme Court case ''Massachusetts v. Connecticut'' (summary at [https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/282/660/ Justia.com], full text at [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=17012735467934830012&q=Connecticut+v.+Massachusetts&hl=en&as_sdt=2006 Google Scholar]) dealing with water rights on the Connecticut River, which flows between the two states.

==Transcript==
:[A tournament bracket tree is shown with 16 participants each on the left and right side. From both sides toward the middle the brackets reduce to eight, then four, two, and one line where the latter join to a rectangle in the middle.]

:[Left side:]
:Marbury - Madison
:McCulloch - Maryland
:Gibbons - Ogden
:Near - Minnesota
:NLRB - Jones & Laughlin
:Brown - Board of Education
:Gideon - Wainwright
:Griswold - Connecticut

:[Right side:]
:Miranda - Arizona
:Loving - Virginia
:Roe - Wade
:United States - Nixon
:Bush - Gore
:Lawrence - Texas
:Massachusetts - EPA
:Obergefell - Hodges

:[Caption below the frame:]
:Now that we've finished the round of 32, the Supreme Court will be moving on to the Sweet 16.

{{comic discussion}}

2037: Supreme Court Bracket

2018-08-27T19:20:24Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 2037
| date = August 24, 2018
| title = Supreme Court Bracket
| image = supreme_court_bracket.png
| titletext = My bracket was busted in the first round; I had Massachusetts v. Connecticut in the final, probably in a case over who gets to annex Rhode Island.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Each court case needs its own explanation, preferably a small paragraph instead of a sentence in parentheses. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}

The {{w|Supreme Court of the United States}} is the highest federal court of the United States. A {{w|Bracket (tournament)|tournament bracket}} is a tree diagram that represents the series of games played during a knockout tournament. [[Randall]] suggests that the winners of the 16 listed court cases will file against each other and then again until the final winner is selected. However, many of them were humans who lived too far apart chronologically for that to be possible. For example, over 100 years separated Gibbons v. Ogden from Near v. Minnesota, making a lawsuit between {{w|Thomas Gibbons|Thomas Gibbons}} and J.M. Near improbable. (Minnesota is a state and could survive indefinitely, but it lost the case.) In fact, Thomas Gibbons died in 1826, making it impossible for him to be a party to a lawsuit subsequent to Near v. Minnesota, which was decided in 1931.

Court cases are typically titled as plaintiff versus defendant. Randall is spoofing this idea by imagining famous Supreme Court cases as though they were games in the first round of a single-elimination tournament, similar to college basketball's {{w|NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament|March Madness}}, complete with a ranking bracket. "Sweet 16" in the context of a tournament refers to the stage in a tournament where 16 competitors remain. This comic's concept is thus a word play on "court" (court of law v. basketball court).

The cases are:
====Marbury v. ''Madison'' (winner), 1803====
The case {{w|Marbury v. Madison|Marbury v. Madison}} declared a provision of the {{w|Judiciary Act of 1789}} unconstitutional, thus preventing several late-term appointments by outgoing President {{w|John Adams}} from being seated under incoming President {{w|Thomas Jefferson}}. More importantly, the ruling established the principle of {{w|judicial review}} by which the Supreme Court can overturn, on the basis of unconstitutionality, laws passed by {{w|United States Congress|Congress}} and signed into law by the {{w|President of the United States|President}}. For this reason it is considered the single most important decision in American constitutional law.

====''McCulloch'' (winner) v. Maryland, 1819====
The case {{w|McCulloch v. Maryland|McCulloch v. Maryland}} established a broad interpretation of the "necessary and proper" clause, specifically finding that Congress could incorporate a Bank of the United States because the purpose was to help carry out Congress' explicit powers under Article I, section 8.

====''Gibbons'' (winner) v. Ogden, 1824====
The case {{w|Gibbons v. Ogden|Gibbons v. Ogden}} established that interstate commerce is regulated by the U.S. Congress according to the U.S. Constitution, that interstate navigation is fundamental to interstate commerce, and that therefore the power to regulate interstate navigation in this way rests with the U.S. Congress, not with any state legislature.

On 01 March 1824, the US Supreme Court decided in favor of Thomas Gibbons in his appeal of a case brought against him by Aaron Ogden in an attempt to prevent Gibbons from operating steamboats to transport goods and passengers between New York City, New York and Elizabethtown, New Jersey. The US Supreme Court decision reversed a prior injunction against Gibbons issued by a New York State court deciding that Ogden held exclusive navigational rights by way of having licensed them from two men to whom the New York State Legislature had granted the navigation rights in several acts between 1798 and 1807.

====''Near'' (winner) v. Minnesota, Jan 30, 1930 – Jun 1, 1931====
The case {{w|Near v. Minnesota|Near v. Minnesota}} is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision that found that prior restraints on publication violate freedom of the press as protected under the {{w|First Amendment to the United States Constitution}}, a principle that was applied to free speech generally in subsequent jurisprudence. The Court ruled that a Minnesota law that targeted publishers of "malicious" or "scandalous" newspapers violated the First Amendment to the United States Constitution.

Noteworthy it was later a key precedent in {{w|New York Times Co. v. United States}} (1971), in which the court ruled against the Nixon administration's attempt to enjoin publication of the Pentagon Papers.

====''NLRB'' (winner) v. Jones & Laughlin, 1937====
{{w|NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin Steel Corp.|National Labor Relations Board v Jones & Laughlin Steel Corporation}} was a US labor law case. It declared that the {{w|National Labor Relations Act of 1935}} was constitutional. It effectively preserved the {{w|New Deal}}, which was being pursued by US President {{w|Franklin D. Roosevelt|Roosevelt}} in reaction to the {{w|Great Depression}}. Previous Supreme Court cases, unlike ''NLRB v. Jones & Laughlin'', had invalidated New Deal statutes.

====''Brown'' (winner) v. Board of Education, Dec 9, 1952 – May 17, 1954====
The case {{w|Brown v. Board of Education|Brown v. Board of Education}} the Court declared state laws establishing separate public schools for black and white students to be unconstitutional. It stated that "separate educational facilities are inherently unequal."

This ruling paved the way for the {{w|Civil rights movement|Civil Rights Movement}}. However, the decision did not spell out any sort of method for ending racial segregation in schools, and the Court's second decision in {{w|Brown v. Board of Education#Brown II|Brown II}} only ordered states to desegregate "with all deliberate speed."

====''Gideon'' (winner) v. Wainwright, 1963====
In the case {{w|Gideon v. Wainwright|'''Gideon''' v. Wainwright}} the Supreme Court unanimously ruled that states are required under the {{w|Sixth Amendment to the United States Constitution|Sixth Amendment}} to the U.S. Constitution to provide an attorney or lawyer to defendants in criminal cases who are unable to afford their own attorneys.

====''Griswold'' (winner) v. Connecticut, 1965====
ToDo:{{w|Griswold v. Connecticut|Griswold v. Connecticut}}
(right to birth control)

====''Miranda'' (winner) v. Arizona, 1966====
ToDo:{{w|Miranda v. Arizona|Miranda v. Arizona}}
(required police to inform suspects of their rights)

====''Loving'' (winner) v. Virginia, April 10, 1967 - June 12, 1967====
ToDo: {{w|Loving v. Virginia|Loving v. Virginia}}
(overturned a ban on interracial marriage)

====''Roe'' (winner) v. Wade, January 22, 1973====
In {{w|Roe v. Wade|Roe v. Wade}} the Supreme Court ruled that a women's right to privacy balanced against the state's interest in limiting abortions allowed women to undergo abortions in the first and second trimesters.

====''United States'' (winner) v. Nixon, July 8, 1974 - July 24, 1974====
ToDo: {{w|United States v. Nixon|United States v. Nixon}}
(ordered president Nixon to turn over Watergate tapes)

====''Bush'' (winner) v. Gore, December 12, 2000=====
ToDo: {{w|Bush v. Gore|Bush v. Gore}}
(disputed 2000 Presidential election)

====''Lawrence'' (winner) v. Texas, June 26, 2003====
ToDo:{{w|Lawrence v. Texas|Lawrence v. Texas}}
(invalidated sodomy laws)

====''Massachusetts'' (winner) v. EPA, 2007====
ToDo:{{w|Massachusetts v. Environmental Protection Agency|Massachusetts v. EPA}}
(decided that the state of Massachusetts has standing to sue the EPA for not doing enough against global warming)

====''Obergefell'' (winner) v. Hodges, June 26, 2015====
ToDo:{{w|Obergefell v. Hodges|Obergefell v. Hodges}}
(requiring government recognition of same-sex marriage)

The title text refers to a practice of filling out a March Madness bracket, predicting a winner for each game up to the championship. A bracket is "busted" when the result of a game is not as predicted; because future matchups depend on previous results, the whole bracket is worthless at that point. Randall "had Massachusetts v. Connecticut in the final", predicting both parties would win all previous rounds and advance to the final game/case. Because Connecticut lost its first-round case to Griswold, his bracket is busted in the first round.

In the second part of the title text, Randall writes: "I had Massachusetts v. Connecticut in the final, probably in a case over who gets to annex Rhode Island." In fact, there actually was a Supreme Court case ''Massachusetts v. Connecticut'' (summary at [https://supreme.justia.com/cases/federal/us/282/660/ Justia.com], full text at [https://scholar.google.com/scholar_case?case=17012735467934830012&q=Connecticut+v.+Massachusetts&hl=en&as_sdt=2006 Google Scholar]) dealing with water rights on the Connecticut River, which flows between the two states.

==Transcript==
:[A tournament bracket tree is shown with 16 participants each on the left and right side. From both sides toward the middle the brackets reduce to eight, then four, two, and one line where the latter join to a rectangle in the middle.]

:[Left side:]
:Marbury - Madison
:McCulloch - Maryland
:Gibbons - Ogden
:Near - Minnesota
:NLRB - Jones & Laughlin
:Brown - Board of Education
:Gideon - Wainwright
:Griswold - Connecticut

:[Right side:]
:Miranda - Arizona
:Loving - Virginia
:Roe - Wade
:United States - Nixon
:Bush - Gore
:Lawrence - Texas
:Massachusetts - EPA
:Obergefell - Hodges

:[Caption below the frame:]
:Now that we've finished the round of 32, the Supreme Court will be moving on to the Sweet 16.

{{comic discussion}}

1767: US State Names

2016-12-05T15:44:08Z

Steammaster: /* Table of States */

{{comic
| number = 1767
| date = December 2, 2016
| title = US State Names
| image = us_state_names.png
| titletext = Technically DC isn't a state, but no one is too pedantic about it because they don't want to disturb the snakes.
}}

==Explanation==
[[Randall]] has taken a {{w|map}} of {{w|the United States of America}} labeled "Geography Challenge: Name all 50 States" and filled in the states with words that sound similar to the states' names. The joke is that Randall is apparently terrible at remembering states by heart, or else that he interpreted "name" as "give a name to" and is giving each state a name similar to but different from its previous name. Songs such as the [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=fifty+nifty+united+states+song 50 Nifty United States] make these issues seem rarer, thus making it funnier. Below is the table.

This also may be a play on the ambiguity of the phrase "Name all 50 states". When you are asked to "name" something, it can be a request to supply its given name or to come up with a new name for it. Randall has apparently taken the latter interpretation. He also may be playing with the distinction between an object's identity and its label, e.g., "The state of Texas (identity) is named Hexxus (label)", though you can argue that "Texas" is also a label.

This comic is similar to [[1759: British Map]]. Also note that the text at the top of the comic is not in all caps.

===Table of States===
{{incomplete|Some states unfinished. Make wikipedia links.}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Fictional State
! Actual State
! Explanation
|-
| Wilwheaton
| {{w|Washington_State|Washington}}
| {{w|Wil Wheaton}} is an actor and writer, famous for his role as Wesley Crusher on Star Trek.
|-
| Organs
| {{w|Oregon}}
| Could refer to either {{w|Organ (anatomy)|body parts}} that perform vital functions, or large {{w|Organ (music)|musical instruments}} having rows of tuned pipes. Also a reference to {{w|Organ Trail}}, a retro survival video game that parodies {{w|The Oregon Trail (video game)|The Oregon Trail}}.
|-
| Cafeteria
| {{w|California}}
| A cafeteria is both a kind of restaurant and a name for a lunch room that serves food. California is large and diverse, offering a wide variety of choices. California also grows a large proportion of common vegetables available in the US ([http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/explainer/2013/07/california_grows_all_of_our_fruits_and_vegetables_what_would_we_eat_without.html Source]), making it a 'Cafeteria' for the country.
|-
| Fallout New Vegas
| {{w|Nevada}}
| {{w|Fallout New Vegas}} is a video game set in post-apocalyptic Nevada.
|-
| Idolatry
| {{w|Idaho}}
| {{w|Idolatry}} is the worship of a physical object as a god, forbidden in many religions.
|-
| mount -a
| {{w|Montana}}
| A command to {{w|Mount (computing)|mount}} all disk volumes in fstab (except for ones with the noauto flag).
|-
| Wysiwyg
| {{w|Wyoming}}
| Acronym for "{{w|WYSIWYG|what you see is what you get}}". A reference to [[Types of Editors]].
|-
| Uhaul
| {{w|Utah}}
| {{w|U-Haul}} is a company which rents vans.
|-
| Verizona
| {{w|Arizona}}
| {{w|Verizon}}, a telecommunications company, has the shared text "Rizon" with Arizona (Ve''rizon'', A''rizon''a).
|-
| Namaste
| {{w|New Mexico}}
| {{w|Namaste}} is a Hindu greeting.
|-
| Hexxus
| {{w|Texas}}
| The antagonist of Ferngully. {{w|FernGully:_The_Last_Rainforest|FernGully}} is said to be the model for the later film "Avatar". This is the second time Hexxus was mentioned in xkcd, the first occurrence being in [[1750: Life Goals]]. May allude to the Texas oil industry and the state's general reputation for a lack of environmental protection.
|-
| Okay
| {{w|Oklahoma}}
| OK is the state's abbreviation. Okay is a spelling of another abbreviation O.K., which means "yes" or "good", and has {{w|OK#Proposed etymologies|quite a few possible origins}}.
|-
| Candice
| {{w|Kansas}}
| Candice is a girl's name of Latin origin, meaning "clarity, whiteness" ("canditia").
|-
| Colocated
| {{w|Colorado}}
| Refers to computer servers located in a {{w|colocation centre}}.
|-
| Nebrunswick
| {{w|Nebraska}}
| {{w|New Brunswick}}, a Canadian province. People sometimes write "NB" as the postal abbreviation for Nebraska; in reality, Nebraska is "NE", and while there is no "NB" in the U.S. postal system, New Brunswick is "NB" in the Canadian postal system.
|-
| Dakota
| {{w|South Dakota}}
| Randall seems to have forgotten his directions, so he drops the normal "South" and "North". He may also be teasing that this doesn't matter.
|-
| More Dakota
| {{w|North Dakota}}
| Probably just reference to the fact that there are two Dakotas, but mishearing/misrepresenting "North" as "More" (leaving South Dakota as just "Dakota"). Might be a reference to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/more-dakka "More Dakka"], a catchphrase by Orks from the Warhammer 40000 universe, though WH40K isn't a usual XKCD touchstone.
|-
| Minestrone
| {{w|Minnesota}}
| {{w|Minestrone}} is a thick vegetable soup, originating in Italy.
|-
| Wainscot
| {{w|Wisconsin}}
| {{w|Panelling#Wainscot_panelling|Wainscot}} is a type of wood {{w|panelling}} covering only the lower half of a wall.
|-
| Iota
| {{w|Iowa}}
| {{w|Iota}} is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iota ninth letter of the Greek alphabet]. The word is used in a common English phrase, 'not one iota', meaning 'not the slightest amount'.
|-
| Sk8rbois
| {{w|Illinois}}
| "Skater Boys" or just "Skater Boy" if the '-ois' is pronounced the same as it is in "Illinois". {{w|Sk8er Boi}} is a song by Avril Lavigne.
|-
| Mossouri
| {{w|Missouri}}
| The single different letter represents probably a typo (O is adjacent to I in a keyboard). This typo has about 22,000 results on Google. Alternatively, this could be an attempt to "correct" the spelling of the state name to match its non-intuitive postal abbreviation, MO, which is sometimes used as a pronounceable acronym. Or it could be a reference to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katie_Moussouris Katie Mossouris].
|-
| Arkanoids
| {{w|Arkansas}}
| {{w|Arkanoid}} is an arcade game, developed by Taito in 1986.
|-
| Louisa
| {{w|Louisiana}}
| Louisa, feminine of Louis, is an Old German name meaning "famous warrior". Louisiana was named after King Louis XIV when it was founded as a French colony.
|-
| Misstate
| {{w|Mississippi}}
| The word "misstate" means to state improperly. "Mis-" is also a prefix meaning "wrong," "incorrect," or simply negating. "Misstate" could be a non-state. {{w|Mississipi State University|Miss State}} is a university in Mississippi. This may also be a joke on the fact that Mississippi is one of the most commonly misspelled state names.
|-
| Bandana
| {{w|Alabama}}
| A {{w|Kerchief|bandana}} is a large handkerchief cloth, worn either around the head or neck. Often used in Westerns.
|-
| Thennessy
| {{w|Tennessee}}
| {{w|Hennessy}} is a brand of cognac.
|-
| Kennedy
| {{w|Kentucky}}
| {{w|Kennedy Fried Chicken}} is New York City–based fast food brand that shares its initials with KFC, which was formerly (and still conventionally) Kentucky Fried Chicken. "Kennedy" is also the name of a former US president (John) and two former US senators (Robert and Ted).
|-
| That Other One
| {{w|Indiana}}
| 'That Other One' is something someone might say if they were trying to name all the states from memory, and knew where a state was but not what it was called. Appropriate for Indiana, due to being a state with relatively few distinguishing features.
|-
| Mishy
| {{w|Michigan}}
| According to the Urban Dictionary, "mishy" means "[http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Mishy mushy and horny at the same time]". Or it could just be a nickname, the way a lot of people's names, often children, get shortened with a trailing y (Bobby, Becky, Johnny, Suzy, Davey, Jimmy, etc.).
|-
| Oh Hi
| {{w|Ohio}}
| Oh (expression of surprise), Hi (greeting). A common utterance upon meeting an acquaintance unexpectedly.
|-
| Pencilmania
| {{w|Pennsylvania}}
| [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0151935/ Pencil Mania] is a 1932 Tom and Jerry cartoon in which they pull out a pencil and proceed to draw figures in the air.
|-
| Newark
| {{w|New York}}
| The city of Newark is a suburb of New York City, and many people who live in Newark commute the 14 miles to work in New York City, however it is actually located in the state of New Jersey rather than New York. Other references: Newark Liberty International Airport is a major flight hub serving the New York metropolitan area, the village of Newark, New York (near Lake Ontario), and Newark element14 (or simply "Newark"), the official distributor of Raspberry Pi. Possible reference to William Gibson's works. A mispronunciation of New York.
|-
| Vermouth
| {{w|Vermont}}
| {{w|Vermouth}} is an Italian alcoholic beverage.
|-
| New Hamper
| {{w|New Hampshire}}
| A {{w|hamper}} is a large basket, often with lid, used for laundry. Also another name for a picnic basket.
|-
| Spanish Maine
| {{w|Maine}}
| The {{w|Spanish Main}} was the mainland Spanish colonial possessions around the Gulf of Mexico. Also refers to the surrounding sea, as in the opening of the (children's?) song, "Sailing, sailing, over the bounding main, ...". May also refer to the {{w|USS Maine (ACR-1)}}, which, upon sinking, started the Spanish-American war.
|-
| Masseuses
| {{w|Massachusetts}}
| Women who give {{w|massage}}s professionally. A contentious term in the therapeutic massage industry due to its appropriation by prostitutes.
|-
| Roald Dahl
| {{w|Rhode Island}}
| A {{w|Roald Dahl|British writer}}, famous for child novels such as {{w|Charlie and the Chocolate Factory}}.
|-
| Connectfour
| {{w|Connecticut}}
| {{w|Connect Four}} is a two-player game, in which the objective is to connect four of your checkers in a row while preventing your opponent from doing the same. It has already been mentioned in [[1002: Game AIs]].
|-
| Nude Juggalos
| {{w|New Jersey}}
| {{w|Juggalo}} is a name given to fans of the group Insane Clown Posse or any other Psychopathic Records hip hop group. Also shares the same initials as New Jersey.
|-
| Delorean
| {{w|Delaware}}
| A {{w|DeLorean_DMC-12|car}} made famous as the {{w|DeLorean_time_machine|time machine}} in the {{w|Back to the Future}} movies.
|-
| Maybelline
| {{w|Maryland}}
| {{w|Maybelline}} is a make-up brand.
|-
| District of Colubrids
| {{w|District of Columbia}}
| The {{w|Colubridae}} are the biggest family of snakes, accounting for about two thirds of the world's species. As the title text mentions, the District of Columbia, although not part of any state, is technically not a state itself, but is usually labeled on the maps like the 50 others for practical reasons. Here, Randall humorously explains the reason as people not wanting to upset the aforementioned snakes by dismissing their district for this pedantic reason.
|-
| Wyvern
| {{w|West Virginia}}
| A {{w|Wyvern}} is a mythical creature.
|-
| Virjayjay
| {{w|Virginia}}
| Virginia is similar to vagina. Vajayjay is slang for vagina.
|-
| Sweet Caroline
| {{w|North Carolina}}
| A {{w|Sweet_Caroline|song}} by Neil Diamond.
|-
| South Caroline
| {{w|South Carolina}}
| A further reference to {{w|Sweet_Caroline|song 'Sweet Caroline'}} by Neil Diamond, similar to 'Dakota' and 'More Dakota.' Plays on similarity between the names 'Caroline' and 'Carolina'.
|-
| George
| {{w|Georgia}}
| Georgia was named for {{w|George II of Great Britain}}.
|-
| Fyoridor
| {{w|Florida}}
| Possibly derived from the Russian name Fyodor, as in {{w|Fyodor Dostoyevsky}}.
|-
| Alberta
| {{w|Alaska}}
| {{w|Alberta}} is a Canadian province.
|-
| Kawaii
| {{w|Hawaii}}
| A {{w|Kawaii|Japanese term}} for cute, commonly romanized similar to Hawaii. Not to be confused with {{w|Kauai}}, a Hawaiian island.
|}

==Transcript==

[A map of the United States, with incorrect state names. A title:]

Geography challenge:

'''Name all 50 States'''

| Alabama => Bandana |

| Alaska => Alberta |

| Arizona => Verizona |

| Arkansas => Arkanoids |

| California => Cafeteria |

| Colorado => Colocated |

| Connecticut => Connect Four |

| Delaware => Delorean |

| District of Columbia => District of Colubrids |

| Florida => Fyoridor |

| Georgia => George |

| Hawaii => Kawaii |

| Idaho => Idolatry |

| Illinois => SK8RBOIS |

| Indiana => That Other One |

| Iowa => Iota |

| Kansas => Candice |

| Kentucky => Kennedy |

| Louisiana => Loisa |

| Maine => Spanish Maine |

| Maryland => Maybelline |

| Massachusetts => Masseuses |

| Michigan => Mishy |

| Minnesota => Minestrone |

| Mississippi => Misstate |

| Missouri => Mossouri |

| Montana => mount -a |

| Nebraska => Nebrunswick |

| Nevada => Fallout New Vegas |

| New Hampshire => New Hamper |

| New Jersey => Nude Juggalos |

| New Mexico => Namaste |

| New York => Newark |

| North Carolina => Sweet Caroline |

| South Carolina => South Caroline |

| Ohio => Oh Hi |

| Oklahoma => Okay |

| Oregon => Organs |

| Pennsylvania => Pencilmania |

| Rhode Island => Roald Dahl |

| South Dakota => Dakota |

| /North Dakota => More Dakota |

| Tennessee => Thennessy |

| Texas => Hexxus |

| Utah => Uhaul |

| Vermont => Vermouth |

| Virginia => Virjayjay |

| Washington => Willwheaton |

| West Virginia => Wyvern |

| Wisconsin => Wainscot |

| Wyoming => WYSIWYG |

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Maps]]

1767: US State Names

2016-12-05T15:43:36Z

Steammaster: /* Table of States */

{{comic
| number = 1767
| date = December 2, 2016
| title = US State Names
| image = us_state_names.png
| titletext = Technically DC isn't a state, but no one is too pedantic about it because they don't want to disturb the snakes.
}}

==Explanation==
[[Randall]] has taken a {{w|map}} of {{w|the United States of America}} labeled "Geography Challenge: Name all 50 States" and filled in the states with words that sound similar to the states' names. The joke is that Randall is apparently terrible at remembering states by heart, or else that he interpreted "name" as "give a name to" and is giving each state a name similar to but different from its previous name. Songs such as the [https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=fifty+nifty+united+states+song 50 Nifty United States] make these issues seem rarer, thus making it funnier. Below is the table.

This also may be a play on the ambiguity of the phrase "Name all 50 states". When you are asked to "name" something, it can be a request to supply its given name or to come up with a new name for it. Randall has apparently taken the latter interpretation. He also may be playing with the distinction between an object's identity and its label, e.g., "The state of Texas (identity) is named Hexxus (label)", though you can argue that "Texas" is also a label.

This comic is similar to [[1759: British Map]]. Also note that the text at the top of the comic is not in all caps.

===Table of States===
{{incomplete|Some states unfinished. Make wikipedia links.}}
{| class="wikitable sortable"
|-
! Fictional State
! Actual State
! Explanation
|-
| Wilwheaton
| {{w|Washington_State|Washington}}
| {{w|Wil Wheaton}} is an actor and writer, famous for his role as Wesley Crusher on Star Trek.
|-
| Organs
| {{w|Oregon}}
| Could refer to either {{w|Organ (anatomy)|body parts}} that perform vital functions, or large {{w|Organ (music)|musical instruments}} having rows of tuned pipes. Also a reference to {{w|Organ Trail}}, a retro survival video game that parodies {{w|The Oregon Trail (video game)|The Oregon Trail}}.
|-
| Cafeteria
| {{w|California}}
| A cafeteria is both a kind of restaurant and a name for a lunch room that serves food. California is large and diverse, offering a wide variety of choices. California also grows a large proportion of common vegetables available in the US ([http://www.slate.com/articles/health_and_science/explainer/2013/07/california_grows_all_of_our_fruits_and_vegetables_what_would_we_eat_without.html Source]), making it a 'Cafeteria' for the country.
|-
| Fallout New Vegas
| {{w|Nevada}}
| {{w|Fallout New Vegas}} is a video game set in Nevada.
|-
| Idolatry
| {{w|Idaho}}
| {{w|Idolatry}} is the worship of a physical object as a god, forbidden in many religions.
|-
| mount -a
| {{w|Montana}}
| A command to {{w|Mount (computing)|mount}} all disk volumes in fstab (except for ones with the noauto flag).
|-
| Wysiwyg
| {{w|Wyoming}}
| Acronym for "{{w|WYSIWYG|what you see is what you get}}". A reference to [[Types of Editors]].
|-
| Uhaul
| {{w|Utah}}
| {{w|U-Haul}} is a company which rents vans.
|-
| Verizona
| {{w|Arizona}}
| {{w|Verizon}}, a telecommunications company, has the shared text "Rizon" with Arizona (Ve''rizon'', A''rizon''a).
|-
| Namaste
| {{w|New Mexico}}
| {{w|Namaste}} is a Hindu greeting.
|-
| Hexxus
| {{w|Texas}}
| The antagonist of Ferngully. {{w|FernGully:_The_Last_Rainforest|FernGully}} is said to be the model for the later film "Avatar". This is the second time Hexxus was mentioned in xkcd, the first occurrence being in [[1750: Life Goals]]. May allude to the Texas oil industry and the state's general reputation for a lack of environmental protection.
|-
| Okay
| {{w|Oklahoma}}
| OK is the state's abbreviation. Okay is a spelling of another abbreviation O.K., which means "yes" or "good", and has {{w|OK#Proposed etymologies|quite a few possible origins}}.
|-
| Candice
| {{w|Kansas}}
| Candice is a girl's name of Latin origin, meaning "clarity, whiteness" ("canditia").
|-
| Colocated
| {{w|Colorado}}
| Refers to computer servers located in a {{w|colocation centre}}.
|-
| Nebrunswick
| {{w|Nebraska}}
| {{w|New Brunswick}}, a Canadian province. People sometimes write "NB" as the postal abbreviation for Nebraska; in reality, Nebraska is "NE", and while there is no "NB" in the U.S. postal system, New Brunswick is "NB" in the Canadian postal system.
|-
| Dakota
| {{w|South Dakota}}
| Randall seems to have forgotten his directions, so he drops the normal "South" and "North". He may also be teasing that this doesn't matter.
|-
| More Dakota
| {{w|North Dakota}}
| Probably just reference to the fact that there are two Dakotas, but mishearing/misrepresenting "North" as "More" (leaving South Dakota as just "Dakota"). Might be a reference to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/more-dakka "More Dakka"], a catchphrase by Orks from the Warhammer 40000 universe, though WH40K isn't a usual XKCD touchstone.
|-
| Minestrone
| {{w|Minnesota}}
| {{w|Minestrone}} is a thick vegetable soup, originating in Italy.
|-
| Wainscot
| {{w|Wisconsin}}
| {{w|Panelling#Wainscot_panelling|Wainscot}} is a type of wood {{w|panelling}} covering only the lower half of a wall.
|-
| Iota
| {{w|Iowa}}
| {{w|Iota}} is the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iota ninth letter of the Greek alphabet]. The word is used in a common English phrase, 'not one iota', meaning 'not the slightest amount'.
|-
| Sk8rbois
| {{w|Illinois}}
| "Skater Boys" or just "Skater Boy" if the '-ois' is pronounced the same as it is in "Illinois". {{w|Sk8er Boi}} is a song by Avril Lavigne.
|-
| Mossouri
| {{w|Missouri}}
| The single different letter represents probably a typo (O is adjacent to I in a keyboard). This typo has about 22,000 results on Google. Alternatively, this could be an attempt to "correct" the spelling of the state name to match its non-intuitive postal abbreviation, MO, which is sometimes used as a pronounceable acronym. Or it could be a reference to [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Katie_Moussouris Katie Mossouris].
|-
| Arkanoids
| {{w|Arkansas}}
| {{w|Arkanoid}} is an arcade game, developed by Taito in 1986.
|-
| Louisa
| {{w|Louisiana}}
| Louisa, feminine of Louis, is an Old German name meaning "famous warrior". Louisiana was named after King Louis XIV when it was founded as a French colony.
|-
| Misstate
| {{w|Mississippi}}
| The word "misstate" means to state improperly. "Mis-" is also a prefix meaning "wrong," "incorrect," or simply negating. "Misstate" could be a non-state. {{w|Mississipi State University|Miss State}} is a university in Mississippi. This may also be a joke on the fact that Mississippi is one of the most commonly misspelled state names.
|-
| Bandana
| {{w|Alabama}}
| A {{w|Kerchief|bandana}} is a large handkerchief cloth, worn either around the head or neck. Often used in Westerns.
|-
| Thennessy
| {{w|Tennessee}}
| {{w|Hennessy}} is a brand of cognac.
|-
| Kennedy
| {{w|Kentucky}}
| {{w|Kennedy Fried Chicken}} is New York City–based fast food brand that shares its initials with KFC, which was formerly (and still conventionally) Kentucky Fried Chicken. "Kennedy" is also the name of a former US president (John) and two former US senators (Robert and Ted).
|-
| That Other One
| {{w|Indiana}}
| 'That Other One' is something someone might say if they were trying to name all the states from memory, and knew where a state was but not what it was called. Appropriate for Indiana, due to being a state with relatively few distinguishing features.
|-
| Mishy
| {{w|Michigan}}
| According to the Urban Dictionary, "mishy" means "[http://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=Mishy mushy and horny at the same time]". Or it could just be a nickname, the way a lot of people's names, often children, get shortened with a trailing y (Bobby, Becky, Johnny, Suzy, Davey, Jimmy, etc.).
|-
| Oh Hi
| {{w|Ohio}}
| Oh (expression of surprise), Hi (greeting). A common utterance upon meeting an acquaintance unexpectedly.
|-
| Pencilmania
| {{w|Pennsylvania}}
| [http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0151935/ Pencil Mania] is a 1932 Tom and Jerry cartoon in which they pull out a pencil and proceed to draw figures in the air.
|-
| Newark
| {{w|New York}}
| The city of Newark is a suburb of New York City, and many people who live in Newark commute the 14 miles to work in New York City, however it is actually located in the state of New Jersey rather than New York. Other references: Newark Liberty International Airport is a major flight hub serving the New York metropolitan area, the village of Newark, New York (near Lake Ontario), and Newark element14 (or simply "Newark"), the official distributor of Raspberry Pi. Possible reference to William Gibson's works. A mispronunciation of New York.
|-
| Vermouth
| {{w|Vermont}}
| {{w|Vermouth}} is an Italian alcoholic beverage.
|-
| New Hamper
| {{w|New Hampshire}}
| A {{w|hamper}} is a large basket, often with lid, used for laundry. Also another name for a picnic basket.
|-
| Spanish Maine
| {{w|Maine}}
| The {{w|Spanish Main}} was the mainland Spanish colonial possessions around the Gulf of Mexico. Also refers to the surrounding sea, as in the opening of the (children's?) song, "Sailing, sailing, over the bounding main, ...". May also refer to the {{w|USS Maine (ACR-1)}}, which, upon sinking, started the Spanish-American war.
|-
| Masseuses
| {{w|Massachusetts}}
| Women who give {{w|massage}}s professionally. A contentious term in the therapeutic massage industry due to its appropriation by prostitutes.
|-
| Roald Dahl
| {{w|Rhode Island}}
| A {{w|Roald Dahl|British writer}}, famous for child novels such as {{w|Charlie and the Chocolate Factory}}.
|-
| Connectfour
| {{w|Connecticut}}
| {{w|Connect Four}} is a two-player game, in which the objective is to connect four of your checkers in a row while preventing your opponent from doing the same. It has already been mentioned in [[1002: Game AIs]].
|-
| Nude Juggalos
| {{w|New Jersey}}
| {{w|Juggalo}} is a name given to fans of the group Insane Clown Posse or any other Psychopathic Records hip hop group. Also shares the same initials as New Jersey.
|-
| Delorean
| {{w|Delaware}}
| A {{w|DeLorean_DMC-12|car}} made famous as the {{w|DeLorean_time_machine|time machine}} in the {{w|Back to the Future}} movies.
|-
| Maybelline
| {{w|Maryland}}
| {{w|Maybelline}} is a make-up brand.
|-
| District of Colubrids
| {{w|District of Columbia}}
| The {{w|Colubridae}} are the biggest family of snakes, accounting for about two thirds of the world's species. As the title text mentions, the District of Columbia, although not part of any state, is technically not a state itself, but is usually labeled on the maps like the 50 others for practical reasons. Here, Randall humorously explains the reason as people not wanting to upset the aforementioned snakes by dismissing their district for this pedantic reason.
|-
| Wyvern
| {{w|West Virginia}}
| A {{w|Wyvern}} is a mythical creature.
|-
| Virjayjay
| {{w|Virginia}}
| Virginia is similar to vagina. Vajayjay is slang for vagina.
|-
| Sweet Caroline
| {{w|North Carolina}}
| A {{w|Sweet_Caroline|song}} by Neil Diamond.
|-
| South Caroline
| {{w|South Carolina}}
| A further reference to {{w|Sweet_Caroline|song 'Sweet Caroline'}} by Neil Diamond, similar to 'Dakota' and 'More Dakota.' Plays on similarity between the names 'Caroline' and 'Carolina'.
|-
| George
| {{w|Georgia}}
| Georgia was named for {{w|George II of Great Britain}}.
|-
| Fyoridor
| {{w|Florida}}
| Possibly derived from the Russian name Fyodor, as in {{w|Fyodor Dostoyevsky}}.
|-
| Alberta
| {{w|Alaska}}
| {{w|Alberta}} is a Canadian province.
|-
| Kawaii
| {{w|Hawaii}}
| A {{w|Kawaii|Japanese term}} for cute, commonly romanized similar to Hawaii. Not to be confused with {{w|Kauai}}, a Hawaiian island.
|}

==Transcript==

[A map of the United States, with incorrect state names. A title:]

Geography challenge:

'''Name all 50 States'''

| Alabama => Bandana |

| Alaska => Alberta |

| Arizona => Verizona |

| Arkansas => Arkanoids |

| California => Cafeteria |

| Colorado => Colocated |

| Connecticut => Connect Four |

| Delaware => Delorean |

| District of Columbia => District of Colubrids |

| Florida => Fyoridor |

| Georgia => George |

| Hawaii => Kawaii |

| Idaho => Idolatry |

| Illinois => SK8RBOIS |

| Indiana => That Other One |

| Iowa => Iota |

| Kansas => Candice |

| Kentucky => Kennedy |

| Louisiana => Loisa |

| Maine => Spanish Maine |

| Maryland => Maybelline |

| Massachusetts => Masseuses |

| Michigan => Mishy |

| Minnesota => Minestrone |

| Mississippi => Misstate |

| Missouri => Mossouri |

| Montana => mount -a |

| Nebraska => Nebrunswick |

| Nevada => Fallout New Vegas |

| New Hampshire => New Hamper |

| New Jersey => Nude Juggalos |

| New Mexico => Namaste |

| New York => Newark |

| North Carolina => Sweet Caroline |

| South Carolina => South Caroline |

| Ohio => Oh Hi |

| Oklahoma => Okay |

| Oregon => Organs |

| Pennsylvania => Pencilmania |

| Rhode Island => Roald Dahl |

| South Dakota => Dakota |

| /North Dakota => More Dakota |

| Tennessee => Thennessy |

| Texas => Hexxus |

| Utah => Uhaul |

| Vermont => Vermouth |

| Virginia => Virjayjay |

| Washington => Willwheaton |

| West Virginia => Wyvern |

| Wisconsin => Wainscot |

| Wyoming => WYSIWYG |

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Maps]]

1768: Settling

2016-12-05T15:42:38Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1768
| date = December 5, 2016
| title = Settling
| image = settling.png
| titletext = Of course, "Number of times I've gotten to make a decision twice to know for sure how it would have turned out" is still at 0.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Stub}}
This is a chart showing when [[Randall]] made the wrong decision in leaving a place. It shows that he almost always was wrong in staying, and not in leaving to find something else to do. This kind of behaviour, often tied to a need to fit in, is very common in teens.

People often stick with situations they are not happy with (a broken relationship, an unfulfilling career, a stale piece of cake) because they think sticking with the situation is better than throwing it away. This risk aversion can lead to people sticking with something a lot longer than they ought to if they want to maximize happiness. Humans aversion to loss has been well documented. Humans will often not take odds that are far in their favor, such as 50:1 odds on a coin flip.

The title text references a common thread in human regret, which is wondering whether we should have turned the other way when making a choice. Randall points out that it is literally impossible to know how it would have turned out, perhaps urging us to not regret our decisions and live in the moment.

==Transcript==

'''Life Scorecard'''

Times when I thought...

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|"I'm not really happy here, but maybe this is the best I can expect and I'll regret giving it up."
|}

...It turned out I...

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Should have stayed||Should have left sooner
|-
| || || <strike>||||</strike> <strike>||||</strike> |||
|}

{{comic discussion}}

1768: Settling

2016-12-05T15:41:35Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1768
| date = December 5, 2016
| title = Settling
| image = settling.png
| titletext = Of course, "Number of times I've gotten to make a decision twice to know for sure how it would have turned out" is still at 0.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Stub}}
This is a chart showing when [[Randall]] made the wrong decision in leaving a place. It shows that he almost always was wrong in staying,
contrary to how this appears in movies.

People often stick with situations they are not happy with (a broken relationship, an unfulfilling career, a stale piece of cake) because they think sticking with the situation is better than throwing it away. This risk aversion can lead to people sticking with something a lot longer than they ought to if they want to maximize happiness. Humans aversion to loss has been well documented. Humans will often not take odds that are far in their favor, such as 50:1 odds on a coin flip.

The title text references a common thread in human regret, which is wondering whether we should have turned the other way when making a choice. Randall points out that it is literally impossible to know how it would have turned out, perhaps urging us to not regret our decisions and live in the moment.

==Transcript==

'''Life Scorecard'''

Times when I thought...

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|"I'm not really happy here, but maybe this is the best I can expect and I'll regret giving it up."
|}

...It turned out I...

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Should have stayed||Should have left sooner
|-
| || || <strike>||||</strike> <strike>||||</strike> |||
|}

{{comic discussion}}

1768: Settling

2016-12-05T15:39:54Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1768
| date = December 5, 2016
| title = Settling
| image = settling.png
| titletext = Of course, "Number of times I've gotten to make a decision twice to know for sure how it would have turned out" is still at 0.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Stub}}
This is a chart showing when [[Randall]] made the wrong decision in leaving a place. It shows that he almost always was wrong in staying,
contrary to how this appears in movies.

People often stick with situations they are not happy with (a broken relationship, an unfulfilling career, a stale piece of cake) because they think sticking with the situation is better than throwing it away. This risk aversion can lead to people sticking with something a lot longer than they ought to if they want to maximize happiness. Humans aversion to loss has been well documented. Humans will often not take odds that are far in their favor, such as 50:1 odds on a coin flip.

The title text references the fact that people don't usually get to relive the exact same situation twice so they can choose both options (to stay or to leave) and find out which was actually better.

==Transcript==

'''Life Scorecard'''

Times when I thought...

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|"I'm not really happy here, but maybe this is the best I can expect and I'll regret giving it up."
|}

...It turned out I...

{| class="wikitable"
|-
|Should have stayed||Should have left sooner
|-
| || || <strike>||||</strike> <strike>||||</strike> |||
|}

{{comic discussion}}

1758: Astrophysics

2016-11-13T06:30:52Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1758
| date = November 11, 2016
| title = Astrophysics
| image = astrophysics.png
| titletext = DEPARTMENT OF NEUROSCIENCE / Motto: "If I hear the phrase 'mirror neurons' I swear to God I will flip this table."
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Are there other theories than MOND and the new paper? Seems like there must have been many examples to get such a motto? It would make general relativity more complicated is not good evidence of MOND not being a good model}}

The theory of gravity produced by {{w|general relativity}} is generally very accurate—it predicts the orbits of planets precisely, even details like the {{w|Two-body problem in general relativity#Anomalous precession of Mercury|precession of Mercury}} which Newton couldn't fully explain. However, the predictions for the behavior of galaxies are wrong—{{w|Galaxy rotation curve|the galaxies seem to spin at the wrong rates}}.

The standard explanation is that there is something else filling these galaxies, which has mass (and therefore exerts a gravitational pull) but which can't be seen with current telescopes. This is called {{w|dark matter}}, and most astrophysicists believe it exists—either in the form of {{w|Massive compact halo object|an unknown type of star that is too dim to see}}, or {{w|Weakly interacting massive particles|an undiscovered subatomic particle}}.

However, an alternative theory which gets proposed regularly is {{w|modified Newtonian dynamics}} (MOND). In MOND, gravity doesn't simply follow the {{w|inverse square law}} but has more complicated behavior. Usually, the extra behavior is either to say that gravitational force can be affected by the acceleration of the particle, or that it goes from inverse-square to just inverse at large distances. It "sounds good" because it's relatively simple—it just changes our understanding of Newton's law of gravitation, rather than requiring entirely new forms of matter or unknown stars to exist—and because it has some nice side-effects, such as explaining why there seems to be a limit on the density of galaxies.

Unfortunately, as the sign says, MOND doesn't fit all the scientific data. One famous counterexample is the {{w|Bullet Cluster}}—two colliding galaxy clusters that are ripping through each other, and from which the mass distribution can be inferred through gravitational lensing. The collision, and the differing ways that ordinary and dark matter interact, have separated the dark matter from ordinary matter to a certain extent, which can be seen in the mass distribution. Another counterexample is MOND's incompatibility with observations of the motion of galaxies in galaxy clusters. Even if MOND ''is'' correct in some way, we still need dark matter to explain the Bullet Cluster. More generally, MOND isn't compatible with general relativity—which has a huge amount of experimental data in its favour—and a MOND-compatible general relativity would be very complicated and ugly.

The specific impetus for this comic may be [https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.02269 this] recent publication by {{w|Erik Verlinde}} (see popular description of the paper [http://phys.org/news/2016-11-theory-gravity-dark.html here]). It was released on-line three days before the release of this comic. Verlinde's theory ({{w|entropic gravity}}) isn't MOND—rather, it's derived from {{w|thermodynamics}} and {{w|quantum information theory}}—but it has a lot in common with it. The paper got a lot of "This will prove Einstein wrong" coverage (see [[1206: Einstein]]), even though it's just a {{w|pre-print}} and hasn't been peer-reviewed or experimentally verified yet. Verlinde's theory also doesn't match the data—[http://motls.blogspot.de/2010/01/erik-verlinde-why-gravity-cant-be.html it disagrees with experimental results showing how particles interact with gravity].

Apparently, whoever put up this sign was getting tired of news agencies stating that dark matter has been "disproven".

The title text lists the text on a similar sign standing outside the Department of {{w|Neuroscience}}. Their motto is "If I hear the phrase 'mirror neurons' I swear to God I will flip this table." {{w|Mirror neurons}} are brain cells which trigger when watching someone else do something. Experiments claim to have found mirror neurons in humans and other apes, and there are theories that make mirror neurons the foundation of learning, empathy, language and consciousness itself. However, {{w|mirror neurons#Doubts concerning mirror neurons|the evidence for mirror neurons is still patchy}}, and even if they exist, it's very simplistic to try to attribute so much of human behavior to a single type of relatively simple cell. In light of this, the motto of the neuroscientists at the department may reflect their frustration and even rage, over what they see as a common misperception.
[http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/flipping-tables Flipping tables] is a common depiction for expressing extreme outrage.

A similar story of a paper questioning science and leading to press coverage was mentioned two days before the release of this comic on the YouTube channel Space Time from PBS Digital Studios in their newest video with the title [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UNLgPIiWAg Did Dark Energy Just Disappear?]. This was based on the press coverage of the paper [http://www.nature.com/articles/srep35596 Marginal evidence for cosmic acceleration from Type Ia supernovae]. The conclusion in the video is that dark energy is still the best explanation. Note this is about the existence of dark energy rather than dark matter. The two are not related!

Science papers with results that supposedly disprove solidly founded theories have been the subject before in [[955: Neutrinos]].

==Transcript==
:[A sign on two posts, in the grass in front of a building with windows and double doors, a window on each door, and bars facing outwards. There is a cement walk leading to the doors. On the sign is the text:]
:<big>'''Department of Astrophysics'''</big>
:'''Motto:'''
:''Yes, everybody has already had the idea, "Maybe there's no dark matter—Gravity just works differently on large scales!" It sounds good but doesn't really fit the data.''

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Astronomy]]
[[Category:Science]]

1675: Message in a Bottle

2016-05-02T13:36:45Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1675
| date = May 2, 2016
| title = Message in a Bottle
| image = message_in_a_bottle.png
| titletext = I tried to send a message back, but I accidentally hit 'reply all' and now the ocean is clogged with message bottles.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Only a first draft}}
In the first panel of this comic, Cueball is seen standing on a shoreline. As the comic goes on, we see a message in a bottle approach him.

As Cueball looks inside, he reads the message. It reads "Unsubscribe." It may be making a joke about unsubscribing from email newsletters.

The title text suggests that when he replied all, it sent a message in a bottle to everyone on the companies mailing list.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball walks along a beach with six seagulls flying behind him over the sea. There is a small surf and in the far distance two mountains.]

:[Cueball stops and looks down at a bottle lying in the sand just outside the surf. A letter can be seen inside and there seems to be a stopper at the top.]

:[A frame less panel shows Cueball (beach and sea not drawn) as he puls out the letter from the bottle that he has now picked-up.]

:[Cueball holds the bottle behind him in one hand and the letter up in front him with the other hand. The text on the letter is written above him in curvy letters, looking like those often used to depict the writing of a dying or seriously injured man:]
:''Unsubscribe''

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Animals]]

1675: Message in a Bottle

2016-05-02T13:34:45Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1675
| date = May 2, 2016
| title = Message in a Bottle
| image = message_in_a_bottle.png
| titletext = I tried to send a message back, but I accidentally hit 'reply all' and now the ocean is clogged with message bottles.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page.}}
In the first panel of this comic, Cueball is seen standing on a shoreline. As the comic goes on, we see a message in a bottle approach him.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball walks along a beach with six seagulls flying behind him over the sea. There is a small surf and in the far distance two mountains.]

:[Cueball stops and looks down at a bottle lying in the sand just outside the surf. A letter can be seen inside and there seems to be a stopper at the top.]

:[A frame less panel shows Cueball (beach and sea not drawn) as he puls out the letter from the bottle that he has now picked-up.]

:[Cueball holds the bottle behind him in one hand and the letter up in front him with the other hand. The text on the letter is written above him in curvy letters, looking like those often used to depict the writing of a dying or seriously injured man:]
:''Unsubscribe''

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Animals]]

1627: Woosh

2016-01-13T17:03:56Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1627
| date = January 8, 2016
| title = Woosh
| image = woosh.png
| titletext = It also occasionally replies with 'Comment of the year', 'Are you for real', and 'I'm taking a screenshot so I can remember this moment forever'.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Very hasty draft. More needed on the alternative title text suggestions.}}
Replying to a comment with "woosh" generally indicates that there was a joke, and the commenter failed to recognize it — "woosh" is an {{W|onomatopoeia}} for the joke metaphorically "flying over their head". A bot replying to comments with "woosh" at random would be very confusing, as people would search for the nonexistent joke they missed. This is similar to [[559: No Pun Intended]].

"Comment of the year," just like the original bot reply, could be taken two ways but both would likely cause confusion. Either the reader takes the "CotY" at face value, implying that the original comment is extremely significant, or as a sarcastic quip, which would give it basically the same meaning as "woosh", suggesting that the commentor had an unoriginal or ridiculous idea.

"Are you for real" implies that the commenter (the bot) doesn't believe that the original commenter is serious. It could also imply that the person to whom the bot is replying to is a famous celebrity, and the commenter wants to know if the person who posted the original comment is a real celebrity and not fake, but this seems unlikely given the context.

"I'm taking a screenshot so I can remember this moment forever" either adds an implied air of extreme importance, hilarity or significance to a comment, or sarcastically suggests that the comment was unoriginal, useless, or otherwise unimportant. People who read it might assume that there is a hidden joke or meaning somewhere inside the original comment.

==Transcript==
:[Online comment thread with text placed next to user pictures in three different levels. The first comment on the first level, the second on the second level and the last four on the same third level. Except for the second comment which is made by a person whose picture is a white silhouette of a human head and shoulders on black background, all the other comments are made by the same person with a picture of a guy with short black hair on white background. Below the pictures and below the text there are some unreadable information (indicated by wiggly lines) for the users name and time stamp etc. of the comments.]

:Hairy guy: This video looks fake to me.
::White silhouette : Woosh
:::Hairy guy: Huh? Everyone's acting like it's real!
:::Hairy guy: If it's a joke lots of people aren't getting it.
:::Hairy guy: What am I missing?!!
:::Hairy guy: Answer me

:Nothing creates more confusion than my bot that replies to random Internet comments with "Woosh".

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Computers]]
[[Category:Language]]
[[Category:Social networking]]

1627: Woosh

2016-01-13T17:02:03Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1627
| date = January 8, 2016
| title = Woosh
| image = woosh.png
| titletext = It also occasionally replies with 'Comment of the year', 'Are you for real', and 'I'm taking a screenshot so I can remember this moment forever'.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Very hasty draft. More needed on the alternative title text suggestions.}}
Replying to a comment with "woosh" generally indicates that there was a joke, and the commenter failed to recognize it — "woosh" is an {{W|onomatopoeia}} for the joke metaphorically "flying over their head". A bot replying to comments with "woosh" at random would be very confusing, as people would search for the nonexistent joke they missed. This is similar to [[559: No Pun Intended]].

"Comment of the year," just like the original bot reply, could be taken two ways but both would likely cause confusion. Either the reader takes the "CotY" at face value, implying that the original comment is extremely significant, or as a sarcastic quip, which would give it basically the same meaning as "woosh", suggesting that the commentor had an unoriginal or ridiculous idea.

"Are you for real" implies that the commenter (the bot) doesn't believe that the original commenter is serious. It could also imply that the person to whom the bot is replying to is a famous celebrity, and the commenter wants to know if the person who posted the original comment is a real celebrity and not fake, but this seems unlikely given the context.

"I'm taking a screenshot so I can remember this moment forever" adds an implied air of extreme importance, hilarity or significance to a comment (again, possibly sarcastically). People who read it might assume that there is a hidden joke or meaning somewhere inside the original comment.

==Transcript==
:[Online comment thread with text placed next to user pictures in three different levels. The first comment on the first level, the second on the second level and the last four on the same third level. Except for the second comment which is made by a person whose picture is a white silhouette of a human head and shoulders on black background, all the other comments are made by the same person with a picture of a guy with short black hair on white background. Below the pictures and below the text there are some unreadable information (indicated by wiggly lines) for the users name and time stamp etc. of the comments.]

:Hairy guy: This video looks fake to me.
::White silhouette : Woosh
:::Hairy guy: Huh? Everyone's acting like it's real!
:::Hairy guy: If it's a joke lots of people aren't getting it.
:::Hairy guy: What am I missing?!!
:::Hairy guy: Answer me

:Nothing creates more confusion than my bot that replies to random Internet comments with "Woosh".

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Computers]]
[[Category:Language]]
[[Category:Social networking]]

1629: Tools

2016-01-13T16:59:33Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1629
| date = January 13, 2016
| title = Tools
| image = tools.png
| titletext = I make tools for managing job-hunting sites for people who make tools for managing job-hunting sites for people who make tools for ...
}}

==Explanation==
[[Cueball]] asks [[Megan]] what she does, and she begins by answering "I make tools that make tools." So far, this is a common expression of the way a sophisticated technology is built on simple building blocks, with one set of tools used to build a more powerful set of tools, and so on (see for instance this article: ''[http://democratizingscience.org/?p=250 Tools to make Tools that make Tools]'').

However, the iterations are carried to comical lengths, with Megan spending twenty minutes reeling off various steps including development of software code and software code debugging and development tools. And she is not even finished when Cueball breaks into her endless list after she once again says ''tools for'' by asking ''what is it for?'' (See also: [[1579: Tech Loops]]).

Megan readily admits that she doesn't even know the goal of these tasks, and guesses that it is probably for porn. The reference to porn may be related to the observation that many information technologies from printing to computers are quickly adopted by porn producers and distributors. And many internet related advances has had their way paved by the porn industry, that needed secure and secret payments options, and better bandwidth for downloading films as well as making it more accesible etc.

In the title text there is a recursion as someone (maybe Cueball) tells what they do. And in this case they make tools for managing job-hunting sites for people who make tools for managing job-hunting sites for people who make tools for ... (ad infinitum). See also other [[:Category:Recursion|comics about Recursion]].

==Transcript==
:[Cueball talks to Megan.]
:Cueball: What do you do?
:Megan: I make tools that make tools

:[Megan continues talking to Cueball in this frameless image.]
:Megan: ...That monitor code that deploys tools that build tools for deploying monitors...

:[Cueball finally stops Megan from talking. At the top there is a small frame with a caption overlaid on the top frame:]
:20 minutes later...
:Megan: ...For monitoring deployment of tools for-
:Cueball: But what's it all '''''for?'''''
:Megan: Honestly, no idea. Porn, probably.

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Recursion]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]
[[Category:Computers]]
[[Category:Programming]]
[[Category:Sex]]

1611: Baking Soda and Vinegar

2015-12-03T18:58:35Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1611
| date = December 2, 2015
| title = Baking Soda and Vinegar
| image = baking_soda_and_vinegar.png
| titletext = Sure, it may not meet science fair standards, but I want credit for getting my baking soda and vinegar mountain added to the Decade Volcanoes list.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Does it miss something about the reaction although that may not count as "real" science?}}
In popular fiction (and maybe in part in fact) the "{{w|Sodium bicarbonate|Baking Soda}} and {{w|Vinegar}}" {{w|volcano}} is often a staple image of the science nerd at the science fair (see [https://sciencebob.com/the-erupting-volcano/ example here]), unless all the science nerds are doing ''real'' imaginative science and the student(s) with the volcano exhibit are dragging out the old hackneyed stereotype. It may also be age-dependent, this being something that is relatively advanced science for the lower grades but rather a childish experiment in the hands of older students.

As [[Ponytail]] is probably about to point out, the 'volcano' exhibit doesn't (usually) actually demonstrate anything about volcanic activity, it is just simple chemistry - such as you usually conduct in a simple test-tube - dressed up to look more impressive, often with dye or other additives to make the 'lava' look realistic for the model, but unrelated to the geology it supposedly represents. In most soda volcano projects people don't even explain what's happening.

The girl with hair bun has made a little more of her volcano, however, as it seems to go beyond simple chemistry. The model replicates many of the dangers (aside from the pure lava) of a volcano, and appears to have been given scaled-down vehicles (not visible in the comic) trying (and failing) to escape the dangers of the resultant mud-flows (a.k.a. {{w|lahar|lahars}} in professional terminology) being modelled.

Even more, this is not an isolated 'model volcano' but a vinegar-powered representation of a geological 'hot spot', such as with the islands of Hawaii, in which the spot moves with respect to the Earth's crust (or vice-versa) and generates a new volcano some way off. Despite this model being supported on a table, it appears that the 'project' extends some way beyond that and has somehow contrived further eruptions away from the table, the room and probably even the building.

The 'project' seems to be turning into a very thorough model of a much larger geological process (a {{w|Supervolcano}} like {{w|Yellowstone Caldera|the one}} under {{w|Yellowstone National Park|Yellowstone}}) and destined to produce a ''very real'' {{w|volcanic winter}}. Where a magma-powered volcano could produce vast clouds of dust, preventing the sun's energy from warming the Earth, in this case it's the airborne salt (probably sodium acetate) from the chemical reaction that appears to be in danger of causing crop failure. There's no mention of the corresponding environmental effects of the vast amounts of carbon dioxide (and/or aqueous carbonic acid) necessarily released in proportion to the ejected salt (presumably itself not left in solution).

It is especially troubling that the child even mentions that her model volcano is an offshoot of a bakingsoda ''super''volcano. Supervolcanoes are massive volcanoes, far larger than even those on the list of {{w|Decade Volcanoes}} (mentioned in the title text), whose eruption would likely trigger species-level extinction events comparable to the dinosaur extinction. Humanity can only hope the child is exaggerating in her description, but the symptoms witnessed by the adult looking out the window suggest otherwise. {{w|Campi Flegrei}} is actually a real life example of her project.

When someone (presumably the dark haired woman) says she wants to stop learning, the girl with the bun grimly states that "Soon, we all will", alluding to their impending doom.

[[Randall]] has mentioned supervolcanoes before in [[1053: Ten Thousand]] (title text) and [[1159: Countdown]], making it a recurring interest of his.

In the title text the student expects extra credit for getting her model volcano added to the Decade Volcanoes list, a list maintained by {{w|International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior}} of the worlds most dangerous volcanoes (currently 16). It is either an absurd notion or a very troubling achievement that a science fair project could achieve the threatlevel posed by the likes of {{w|Mount Vesuvius}} (which destroyed ancient Pompeii in Italy, and threatens modern-day Naples in the same manner), {{w|Mount Rainier}} (whose lahars could potentially destroy parts of Seattle) or {{w|Mauna Loa}} (which could create a massive landslide, triggering a major tsunami that would threaten all of Hawaii). But at least that means that it was only a "local" volcano event and not a supervolcano event that she created. But considering the scale of her original model volcano, then the eruption of her supervolcano would probably fit with the difference between a normal single volcano eruption and that of one supervolcano! She kept it to scale!

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is standing behind a small girl with a hair bun who has one hand up. They are looking at a table with a model volcano.]
:Girl: My science project is a baking soda and vinegar volcano!

:[A larger frame that includes Megan who stands to the right. Ponytail is a little further back and the girl has taken her hand down. The baking soda volcano erupts in a small upwards explosion.]
:Ponytail: Why do people make these? It isn't really even a science project. It doesn't teach anything about-
:Volcano: '''''Foom! '''''

:[Smaller frame again. Ponytail has moved closer to the table, the girl moves around the table to the right, pointing at the volcano while Megan walks closer. The "lava" flows down the volcano on both sides.]
:Girl: See how the baking soda and vinegar mix with mud and ice to form deadly flowing lahars?

:[Zoom in on the girls head close to the stream of lava going down the lower part of the volcano's right slope.]
:Girl: You can see the tiny cars trying to flee.
:Girl: Whoops! Too slow.

:[Zoom in on Ponytail.]
:Ponytail: Um. This is a bit grim.
:Girl (off panel): Learning!

:[The girls stand to the right of the table looking at the now still volcano. Shaky lines surround a sound effect written over the top of this slim frame:]
:''Rumble''

:[Back to showing all three as before. The girl looks at something in her hand (a stopwatch maybe?)]
:Girl: And now we're learning that this volcano is an offshoot of a vinegar hotspot rising from deep within the earth.
:Girl: ''Annnnd...''

:[The girls turns away from the table looking right as a loud noise can be heard off-panel, depicted in white text on a wavy black bubble:]
:''Boooom''

:[Megan has walked over to a window to the right. It has the blinds drawn down. She opens a hole in the blinds by pulling down in the middle. It is dark outside. The other two are outside the frame to the left.]
:Girl (off panel): The baking soda supervolcano erupts, injecting clouds of salt into the stratosphere.
:Megan: Why is it getting dark outside?
:Girl (off panel): Learning is fun!

:[We see the girl standing close to the table, of which only the right leg can be seen. She holds up a tablet with a graph showing a rising trend. The other two are both out of the frame.]
:Girl: Sunlight dims. The earth cools. Summer frosts form. Crops die. We check the markets. Grain prices are rising.
:Megan (off panel): I want to stop learning now.
:Girl: Soon, we all will.

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Science]]

1190: Time

2015-11-24T15:13:24Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1190
| date = March 25, 2013
| title = Time
| image = time-animated.gif
| titletext = The end.
}}
<div class="toclimit-3" style="float:right; margin-left: 10px;">__TOC__</div>
==Explanation==
This comic is an animation, which was showing a new image every hour. In the beginning the interval was only half an hour. The unfolding story is set in the far future, at a time when the {{w|Strait of Gibraltar}} has long been blocked and the {{w|Mediterranean Sea}} has largely dried up leaving smaller, hypersaline seas behind. Megan and Cueball, living on the shores of one of these seas and unaware of its natural history, notice one day while building a huge sand castle on the beach that the sea level is starting to rise. They start a journey of exploration trying to find out why. Eventually they discover that the Straits of Gibraltar have once again been breached, and that the Mediterranean Basin is being flooded. They run back to their home, assemble their village, and board a makeshift raft. At the end they reach land with their rafts, searching for a new home.

On frame 2925 the title text changed from "Wait for it." to "...", and one frame later to just "RUN.". At approximately 2944, when Megan announces that it is too late to escape overland, the title text changed back to "...". On Frame 3094, the words '''THE END''' appear in the middle of the screen and the title text changed to "The end.". The image now links to the scrollable collection of frames at [http://geekwagon.net/projects/xkcd1190/ geekwagon.net/projects/xkcd1190/]. The comic image on xkcd.com is currently looping through the last five frames of the comic.

This comic now has its own {{w|Time (xkcd)|article}} on Wikipedia.

This comic won the [http://www.thehugoawards.org/2014/08/2014-hugo-award-winners/ 2014 Hugo Award for Best Graphic Story].

===Format===
This comic is actually a series of images which play as a rough animation. The pictures were updated over the course of time. The comic ran for 2973 hours (over 124 days) and consists of 3101 image frames.

For the first 120 hours, a new frame replaced the previous frame every 30 minutes, at :00 and :30 of each hour; the remaining frames have since been revealed every hour. The update was done server-side, with the server redirecting the image link (time.png) to a different image every hour. The source images have very long random hash names, which made it virtually impossible to access future frames. There is no way to view past frames on the official xkcd website, and only the current frame is posted there at any given time. Given the unique nature of this comic, the full image archives can be browsed through several websites that have been dedicated to tracking it (see below).

Readers typically have divided the comic into four scenes (see below). For example, at 850 hours (36 days 10 hours) the first "scene" of the comic ended at frame 971 with a fade to white, ushering in a second scene from frame 972. Some of the last few frames of scene 1 are nearly white, but faint images can be seen in the normalized pictures available below (Day 36, Monday, April 29, 2013, normalized).

==Plot==
===Scene 1: The castle and the Sea===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
[[Megan]] and [[Cueball]] are alone on a sandy beach near the sea. They begin to build a {{w|sand castle}} on the beach. The two continue to expand the castle back from the seashore as the scene zooms out. Briefly they have fun launching small objects at the castle with a {{w|trebuchet}} before continuing the build.

Both Cueball and Megan each leave the scene for extended periods at times but always return to continue building. They add what appears to be scaffolding and ladders to expand the castle skyward. All the while, Cueball and Megan wax philosophically about the nature of the sea, the feeding river, the rising tides, and what else lies in the world. In the end, the two decide to go off and explore the world as the sea begins to erode the castle and the scene fades to white.

One other character appears during the fade; A girl with a beret, similar to [[Beret Guy]], briefly appears to view the castle before leaving. She returns in the last two frames before the fade-to-white completes, dragging something.
</div>
{{clear}}

===Scene 2: Exploring an unknown world===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Scene 2 - Part 1: Walking on flatlands and then reaching the base of the hill====
Cueball and Megan are walking with bags across a relatively level surface. The terrain looks like frame 1, albeit from a wider angle, showing they are walking along the coast. The scene shifts multiple times between views of them to the left of the sea, and 90° rotated views of them walking overland. Sometimes these shifts in angle are marked by corresponding shifts between front and profile views of their bodies.

Megan indicates she has never been so far "this way". They reach a river they haven't seen before. Cueball slips in and loses his bottle. He contemplates swimming out to get it, but Megan says it is too dangerous. Later when Megan gets too close to the edge, Cueball senses danger and pulls her back.

After a small talk both agree to find a ford. After walking for a while, Megan realizes that the river was wider than they realized. The branch of the river they were walking along joins up with another branch and the opposite bank eventually comes into view.

They stop for a break and Cueball dozes off and mumbles in his sleep. They discuss this river and the differences between it and theirs before continuing upriver.

====Scene 2 - Part 2: Fun on dunes, some Berries, a frog, and the baobab trees====
The terrain begins to slope noticeably uphill. They wonder if others have noticed the rise of the sea and find tents left by other people. They walk deeper into the dunes, having fun by jumping and sliding. Megan falls after jumping too high.

A bird appears in the sky. They watch it until it's gone, then begin walking again. Some vegetation appears, grass and then small trees. They stop and nap beneath a larger tree, seeming to have never seen one like it before.

After a rest Cueball goes off to explore. He picks some berries and examines a campfire pit, then walks back to Megan and shares his findings. They wonder why the prior owners of the tent have left.

They stop at the river to drink, then climb a ridge, and are awestruck by two tall trees. As they walk through the trees, the first large tree has markings on the trunk and the fourth large tree has a strangely bent top. They comment on these features before they continue on past three more huge trees and a regular-sized one.

====Scene 2 - Part 3: A vineyard, a snake is on their way, and a bird is protecting its baby====
They enter a vineyard and eat some grapes.

The two travel on. Cueball encounters a snake while climbing a small cliff and falls back. They find another section of the cliff and continue. After that they reach a tree with a nest in it with a young baby bird crying for its food. The bird's mother feeds it, then Cueball takes a short nap while Megan investigates a small river.

====Scene 2 - Part 4: Walking uphill, a large cliff, and some mysterious animals====
The pair continue to climb the mountain, commenting here and there on the possibility of turning back, but Megan wants to see what's at the top. Eventually, they stumble upon a small shelter and a few other signs of inhabitants. They investigate the surrounding area.

====Scene 2 - Part 5: The cougar attack====
A cougar attacks Megan, but Cueball gets in the way - although not before it claws her leg. Most of the hit gets absorbed by his backpack, but Cueball is forced to the ground. Megan grabs a stick and attacks the large cat, which runs away.

====Scene 2 - Part 6: Starting to walk to the top of the mountain, the sun sets down====
Megan decides she would like to press on despite her injuries. Cueball and Megan then take turns sleeping as night arrives. Cueball takes the first watch. While Megan sleeps a meteor appears in the sky. Then Megan takes the next watch. When Cueball wakes up, they start their journey again up the mountain, which is slower due to Megan's injuries as Cueball has to help her over some of the steeper climbs.

====Scene 2 - Part 7: After the night the final attempt to reach the top of the mountain====
After they reach a plateau there is a tower. Megan climbs up and sees other people. Cueball is curious and climbs the tower too. On top of that tower Megan remarks her wound doesn't hurt much when walking but it does when she climbs.
</div>
{{clear}}

===Scene 3: Finding an unknown tribe===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Scene 3 - Part 1: Finding other people====
Then, they continue their travel at the plateau. They run into three people who speak a language that they are unable to understand. Despite the language barrier, Megan shows her wounded leg and the strangers proceed to take a closer look at her. The strangers then help her to sit down on a stone. After the stranger with the medical equipment is back they do some kind of first aid. Megan expresses her thanks, and the strangers indicate via drawings in the sand that they should follow.

====Scene 3 - Part 2: Walking to the long haired woman====
After walking uphill again they approach another tower. A device is mounted to the top and more smaller devices are around. They drink some water there and Cueball learns his first word in this new language: "water" or "drink". To aid communication, they start to draw pictures on the ground. Cueball shows their travel from the sea to the current location, and the stranger adds the rising sea level, indicating that he knows about this happening. The stranger shows a castle some more uphill and a long haired woman behind it. Cueball hopes they can speak to her, and the stranger explains with a drawing that it's less than a day away. The strangers collect their devices and store them somewhere. Then they start the travel to the castle. When they rest, Megan and Cueball taste some food offered by the strangers; they like it. A large flag appears and they encounter a small city. A big castle, still under construction, is visible in front of them. Megan states that she never thought she would ever see a real castle. On their way to the castle they meet another stranger, exchanging some greetings. Then they enter the castle.

====Scene 3 - Part 3: Inside the castle====
The five people walk down a stairway and enter a large hall. Large windows showing a dazzling light are high above them. They approach a long-haired woman at a desk who greets them. After Cueball asks, it appears she can "somewhat" understand him and Megan. The woman asks where they came from and asks about their home; she asks if they brought anyone else. Megan and Cueball say they're trying to find out why the sea is changing. The woman explains that there is another sea which was once connected to theirs, but has since been cut off. She says that the water is now flowing back into their sea, and that the level will continue to rise. She shows Megan and Cueball a map of the area, including the castle, their sea, and the bigger sea which is joining it. The woman then shows the predicted new shoreline, which closely resembles that of the {{w|Mediterranean Sea}}. Megan assumes that the level rise is slow and will last for some years. The woman disagrees, and explains that the water level will rise over the course of a few days. Faced with knowledge of the imminent destruction of their village, Megan and Cueball bolt from the room and begin to run.
</div>
{{clear}}

===Scene 4: Recovering the people at their home===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Scene 4 - Part 1: Megan and Cueball running home====
They leave the castle and run back the same way as they came. They encounter some people on their way out. By this time the title text has changed from 'Wait for it' to '...' to 'RUN.' They pass some more people they met before and when they are alone, Megan reveals that she has stolen the maps from the long-haired woman. Megan hopes she can give them back sometime. Cueball is happy and they continue their journey by using the maps. They reach their village, where they find that the people are aware of the rising sea levels, and that some of them have already gone up into the now-abandoned hills to see what items were left behind. Megan and Cueball tell them that the sea will continue to rise, and they make preparations to evacuate uphill.

====Scene 4 - Part 2: The tribe gets ready to move on their raft====
It turns out that Beret Girl from before has turned Megan and Cueball's sandcastle into a boat. Megan has the idea to ride it on the rising waters, but they need to hurry to prepare it.

====Scene 4 - Part 3: The tribe on their raft====
The raft is hastily made seaworthy and the tribe goes off in pursuit of the rest. They find the others floating on a makeshift canoe from a piece of floating debris. A rope is thrown and the two boats try to pull each other closer. At one point the boats bump into each other and everyone falls over. A new day arises and as Cueball and Megan rebuild their sandcastle on top of the raft, the raft runs aground. The tribe rushes off to explore the new land, and the raft is left behind at the end of the story at the mercy of the wind and waves.
</div>
{{clear}}

==Viewing the comic's history==
Faster, navigable versions of the comic are available at:
*A scrollable version is at [http://geekwagon.net/projects/xkcd1190/ geekwagon.net/projects/xkcd1190/] (with code on github), this is now being linked to from the comic's site.
*[http://xkcd.aubronwood.com xkcd.aubronwood.com].
*[http://richardwestenra.com/xkcds-time-animated-time-lapse/ richardwestenra.com/xkcds-time-animated-time-lapse/].
*[http://xkcd.mscha.org/viewer/1 xkcd.mscha.org]

There is also a wiki dedicated to this particular comic and the related forum thread, at [http://xkcd-time.wikia.com/ xkcd-time.wikia.com/]. There is also a physics simulation of the trebuchet written in JavaScript/HTML5, available at [http://thred.github.io/xkcd-time-catapult/ thred.github.io/xkcd-time-catapult/]. The code is hosted on [https://github.com/thred/xkcd-time-catapult GitHub], too. There is an Android app which notifies users when a new image is posted and lets them view the image from within the app, available on [https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.drewhannay.xkcdtime Google Play]. The code for the app is hosted on [https://github.com/drewhannay/xkcd-time GitHub] and encourages contribution of new features or enhancements. An hourly updated graph of the rising water level is available at [https://dl.dropboxusercontent.com/u/2169004/tide.png]

There is also [http://edfel.atwebpages.com/Time-Map.php a map] with guesses on the locations that Megan and Cueball visit.

Another map of estimated travel paths with terrain data is here: [[Media:TimeTerrainMap.png|TimeTerrainMap.png]].

Additional composite scenes are located here: [[1190: Time: Pictures]]. Some of the images are very large, and may be slow to load.

Investigations on the blurry speech by the woman in the big castle at scene 3 part 3 are here: [[1190: Time: Translator]]. Please help to enhance the pictures there for better readings.

On July 29, 2013 [[Randall]] did a post at his [http://blog.xkcd.com/2013/07/29/1190-time/ blag] about this comic.

===Time's forum thread===
In the xkcd fora, this comic was given a thread like any other comic. The Time thread expanded over the months of the comic's running to include 1254 pages, or just over 50,000 posts, and continued thereafter at a considerable pace. As of January 26, 2014, it has 68,901 posts and an enormous 3,782,329 views, which easily tops every other thread. 30% of all posts within the [http://forums.xkcd.com/viewforum.php?f=7 Individual XKCD Comic Threads subforum] are in the ''1190: "Time"'' thread. Compared to the thread for [[Click and Drag]], it has 10 times as many views and 90 times as many posts, while the typical comic thread has 30 to 200 posts. Its activity as a percentage of the entire fora can be seen in [http://xkcd.mscha.org/jjjdavidson/timeforumpercentage.128days.htm this graph].

The [http://xkcd.mscha.org/sciscitor/img/avatars.jpg many frequent posters] of the thread developed a culture surrounding Time, creating their own [http://xkcd-time.wikia.com/wiki/Default_footnotes mannerisms], [http://xkcd-time.wikia.com/wiki/Glossary vocabulary], and [http://images2.wikia.nocookie.net/__cb20130610101557/xkcd-time/images/a/a5/X.png jokes] on top of extracting every [http://xkcd-time.wikia.com/wiki/Age_of_the_Slow_Pixel#Quotes detail] from the comic and recording every frame. More information can be found at different places on Time's dedicated wiki, or, of course, on the [http://forums.xkcd.com/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=101043 thread] [http://forums.xkcd.com/viewtopic.php?f=7&t=101043&start=999999999 itself].

==Transcript==
===Scene 1 (The castle and the sea)===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+00:00 [Megan and Cueball sitting on a sandy beach near a body of water.]
:+01:00 [Megan looks back.]
:+02:00 [Cueball looks back.]
:+03:00 [Megan looks up.]
:+04:00 [Megan reclines. Cueball looks at her.]
:+06:00 [Cueball gets up and inspects the water.]
:+07:30 [Cueball "puts a toe in the water".]
:+09:00 [Cueball returns to sit next to the still reclining Megan.]
:+09:30 [Megan sits up.]
:+12:00 [Megan and Cueball start to build a sandcastle.]
:+25:30
::Cueball: Later
::Megan: Bye
::[Cueball leaves, Megan continues to build the sandcastle.]
:+37:00 [Cueball returns and both continue to build.]
:+43:30 [Megan leaves, Cueball continues to build.]
:+51:00 [Cueball accidentally slips and destroys part of the castle.]
:+61:30 [Cueball completes the sandcastle and leaves.]
:+73:00 [Cartoon zooms out, showing more construction has been taking place off-screen to the left.]
:+81:00 [Megan plants flags on original sandcastle.]
:+83:00 [Megan sits down at the beach.]
:+83:30 [Cueball finished sandcastle on the left and moves to Megan at the beach.]
:+84:30
::Megan: Wanna swim?
::Cueball: Yeah.
::[They both enter the water and exit the picture.]
:+86:00 [Castle at far left begins to crumble.]
:+87:00 [Megan back on the beach, Cueball off screen.]
::Megan: Pffthh
::Megan: *cough*
::Cueball: You OK?
::Megan: Just got some in my mouth.
:+91:00 [Cueball takes down two flags and makes the two sandcastles into one large sandcastle.]
:+106:30 [A rock, fired by Megan with a small trebuchet, smashes part of the castle Cueball just finished.]
:+107:30 [Megan partially re-enters the scene from stage right.]
:+108:00 [Megan has fully re-entered the scene, pulling the small trebuchet into the scene with her.]
:+109:00 [Megan launches an object towards the sandcastle.]
:+110:00 [The object launched by Megan hits the sandcastle, Cueball looks upset.]
:+111:30 [Cueball joins Megan at the trebuchet and launches one himself. They alternate launching projectiles.]
:+114:30 [Cueball launches an object straight up into the air.]
:+115:30 [They run as the object falls back down. Cueball leaves a few frames later, Megan stays and works on building a large mound in the destroyed center of the castle.]
:+186:00 [Cueball returns, Megan is working on top of a large mound she's built, as she turns around and stands up to see Cueball, she slips down the side of the mound. Cueball rushes in and helps her rebuild it and flatten out the top.]
:+199:00 [Building the mound.]
::Megan: Any idea where the river is now?
::Cueball: Still pretty far out. It's actually retreated a little this week.
:+248:00 [Cueball begins constructing a miniature version of the sand structure.]
:+263:00 [Megan walks in and notices.]
:+280:00 [Megan re-enters with miniature trebuchet.]
:+281:00 [Megan shoots the miniature sand structure with the miniature trebuchet.]
:+287:00
::Megan: I don't understand what the sea is doing.
:+293:00
::Cueball: I don't think we can build it much taller than this. It's been fun, though!
:+296:00 [Cueball leaves. Megan turns and examines the structure.]
:+300:00 [Megan brings in a rod, and puts it down.]
:+329:00 [Megan begin construction using the various supplies she has delivered.]
:+342:00 [Cueball returns and begins to help with the construction.]
:+362:00 [Megan leaves.]
:+365:00 [Cueball "sip"s the water.]
:+366:00 [Cueball spits.]
::Cueball: Pfffth
:+367:00
::Cueball: Pthuh!
::Cueball: Yuck.
:+369:00
::Cueball: I've had worse.
:+377:00 [Megan returns and starts making a levee.]
:+410:00 [Cueball and Megan have stranded themselves on top of their new construction by building over their ladder.]
::Cueball: Guess one of us should climb down.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+416:00
::Megan: The sea is rising.
:+417:00
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+421:00 [Megan shimmies down a support column to re-position the ladder.]
:+426:00 [Water level reaches lowest point of castle. Megan's levee restrains it from here on out.]
:+441:00
::Cueball: Sea level rises and falls, right? It's changed before.
::Megan: Not this fast.
:+442:00
::Cueball: The river hasn't even reached the sea yet.
::Megan: The river is small
:::The sea is big.
:+443:00
::Cueball: How big?
::Megan: I don't know.
:+516:00
::Megan: Does it rain on the sea?
::Cueball: I don't know.
:+517:00
::Cueball: If it does, it seems like a waste.
:+519:00
::Cueball: It rains in the hills where the river comes from, right?
::Megan: Sure.
:+520:00
::Cueball: Are there ''other'' rivers?
:+521:00
::Megan: I don't know.
:+538:00
::Cueball: There must be other rivers.
:::Otherwise the sea would dry up.
:+539:00
::Megan: Maybe it's coming out of the ground.
::Cueball: Does that happen?
::Megan: I don't know.
:+540:00
::Megan: I don't know how the sea works.
::Cueball: I don't know how ''anything'' works.
:+541:00 [The levee finally starts to give way.]
:+543:00 [Megan and Cueball get down and look at the water, where the levee is now submerged.]
:+547:00 [Megan begins transferring sand to Cueball via a pulley and bucket system.]
:+552:00 [Megan attempts to hoist herself up using said pulley and bucket system.]
:+554:00 [Megan loses her balance and falls off.]
:+555:00 [Megan lands heavily on sandcastle. She holds her head in pain. Cueball looks on in horror.]
:+557:00 [Cueball goes to check if Megan is okay. Megan gets up.]
:+559:00 [Megan starts rebuilding the part of the sandcastle she damaged when she fell. Cueball returns to building. The water level has reached the tower on the right and begins to erode it.]
:+565:00 [Megan finishes repairing the damage and heads up the ladder to help Cueball build his sandcastle on top of the platform.]
:+604:00 [Cueball exits.]
:+671:00 [Megan, having finished work on the platform-castle, takes a nap on the platform.]
:+678:00 [A girl in a beret enters the frame, looks at the sandcastle and leaves.]
:+697:00 [Megan begins turning lowest castle into a new, higher levee.]
:+707:00 [Megan brings Cueball back.]
:+711:00
::Megan: I don't think it's going to stop.
:+712:00
::Cueball: The sea can't just make more of itself forever.
::Megan: It can do whatever it wants. It's the sea.
:+713:00
::Cueball: There must be a reason. There's a reason for everything.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+714:00
::Megan: But it's not always a ''good'' reason.
:+717:00
::Cueball: There must be other rivers. Maybe something is wrong with them.
:+734:00
::Megan: I like our castle.
:+735:00
::Cueball: I think it's going to go away.
:+736:00
::Megan: Yeah.
:+738:00
::Megan: Do you think there are other rivers?
::Cueball: '''''Something''''' is adding water to the sea.
:+739:00
::Megan: Does it have to be water? Maybe something is adding more land somewhere. And it's making the sea overflow.
:+740:00
::Cueball: Or maybe it's just raining somewhere. We have no idea what's out there.
:+741:00
::Megan: Yeah.
:+743:00
::Megan: Want to find out?
::Cueball: Yes.
:+744:00
::Megan: I'll get some bags.
:+760:00
::Megan: ''bye.''
:+761:00 [Megan exits.]
:+775:00 [The entire scene begins a slow fade to white. The 'tide' continues to rise and the castle on the right continues to be subsumed.]
:+830:00 [Beret Girl drops in for one frame. The fade and tide continue.]
:+847:00 [Beret Girl drops in again, dragging something. The fade and tide continue.] (This detail is not visible without an aid to undo the fade.)
:+850:00 [The entire scene is white.]
</div>
{{clear}}
===Scene 2 (Exploring an unknown world)===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Scene 2 - Part 1 (Walking on flatlands and then reaching the base of the hill)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+851:00 [New scene: ground.]
:+852:00 [Megan and Cueball walking with bags.]
:+858:00 [Cueball pauses and Megan looks back at him.]
:+864:00 [Still walking.]
::Cueball: Have you ever been this far?
::Megan: Not this way.
:+867:00 [Megan and Cueball stop and have a drink from flasks in their bags.]
:+870:00 [Megan continues walking.]
:+871:00 [Cueball continues walking.]
:+875:00 [They stop, sit and eat. The perspective changes showing they're in a landscape similar to time +0:00.]
:+879:00 (frame 1000) [Megan reclines.]
:+880:00 [They prepare to continue.]
:+881:00 [They continue walking. The perspective returns to "parallel to the beach".]
:+883:00 [Still walking.]
::Megan: Maybe the sea doesn't end.
:+884:00
::Cueball: We haven't walked very far.
:+885:00
::Megan: Yeah.
::Megan: But that's what the first part of not ending looks like.
:+897:00 [Still walking.]
::Megan: If we don't find something today, we'll have to start using the steam bottle.
::Cueball: Ugh!
:+902:00 [They stop, having come to another body of water.]
:+903:00
::Megan: Yes.
::Cueball: Yes what?
:+904:00 [The scene zooms out briefly, showing the opposite shore.]
::Megan: There are other rivers.
:+908:00 [Cueball, having sat on the bank to drink, falls into the river when the bank beneath him crumbles. Megan manages to grab him and pull him back to dry land, but he loses his water bottle in the process.]
:+914:00 [Megan pulls out a lasso. She and Cueball both use it to try and grab the bottle. They fail.]
:+920:00
::Cueball: The river isn't moving that fast. Maybe I could-
::Megan: Too dangerous.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+921:00
::Megan: It's ok. It was an accident.
:+923:00 [The bottle slips below the surface.]
::Megan: You're right, though.
::Cueball: About what?
:+924:00
::Megan: The river's not moving very fast.
:+928:00
::Megan: It can't be flowing much faster than we walk.
::Megan: Even if it's as deep as it is wide, I don't think it's enough water.
:+929:00
::Cueball: Yeah
:+931:00
::Cueball: And this river doesn't ''look'' broken.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+932:00
::Cueball: It's pretty neat, though.
::Megan: ''Yeah.''
:+935:00 [Cueball grabs Megan's hand and gently pulls her back from the edge.]
:+937:00
::Cueball: Sorry.
::Megan: No, right. Forgot.
:+941:00 [Megan exits. Cueball begins digging into the ground.]
:+943:00 [Cueball fills in the hole he created.]
:+945:00 [Megan is back after checking the sea level.]
::Megan: It's still rising.
:+946:00
::Cueball: It's strange - Rivers flow to meet the sea - Maybe the sea couldn't wait.
:+948:00
::Megan: Walk upriver to find a ford, or turn back?
:+950:00
::Cueball: We can't go back. We don't understand everything yet.
:+951:00
::Megan: "Everything" is a little ambitious. We barely understand anything.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+952:00
::Cueball: But that's what the first part of understanding everything looks like.
:+972:00
::Cueball: If nothing else, I'm glad we found this river. It's not much farther from home than ours at its driest.
:+975:00
::Megan: Oh. This river is even bigger than it looked.
:+976:00 [The scene zooms out to show the opposite bank again. It continues to zoom out slowly, revealing that the "opposite bank" is actually just an island in the much, much larger river. Cueball and Megan continue to walk away from the viewer.]
:+990:00 [Megan and Cueball finally pass the end of the island. The scene zooms out even farther once more to show the far bank.]
:+1001:00 [The scene returns to original zoom, with Megan and Cueball looking out over the river.]
:+1002:00
::Megan: Maybe it ''is'' big enough to fill the sea.
:+1003:00 [The two rest for a while. Cueball fills a bottle with river water. They both drink. Cueball lays down and naps.]
:+1009:00
::Cueball (talking in his sleep): Our rope isn't strong enough.
:+1010:00
::Megan: What?
::Cueball (talking in his sleep): Hold this or you'll fall.
:+1012:00 [Megan pokes Cueball with a stick. He wakes up, groggily.]
:+1021:00
::Cueball: When our river gets too big, it fills with stuff.
:::Wood and leaves and things from the people in the hills.
:+1022:00
::Cueball: This river doesn't look like that.
:+1023:00
::Megan: Maybe it only flows through empty places.
:+1025:00
::Megan: If this river isn't what's making the sea rise, we need to get past it.
:::Either way, we continue upriver.
:+1038:00
::Megan: I wonder how high the water is now.
:+1039:00
::Cueball: I wonder if other people have noticed. It's been days.
::Megan: Not a lot of us by the shore this time of year.
:::A few kids, maybe.
:+1040:00
::Megan: It'd have to rise a lot higher before any tents got wet.
:+1057:00
::Cueball: This river flows from bigger hills than ours.
:+1058:00
::Megan: If we don't reach a crossing soon, we'll be in them.
:+1060:00 [Megan and Cueball stand on the edge of a cliff and look down.]
:+1063:00
::Megan: I wonder if it's possible to swim in.
:+1091:00
::Megan: You OK?
:+1092:00
::Cueball: Just thinking.
:+1097:00
::Megan: Should we follow the river through there?
::Cueball: Hmm.
:+1098:00
::Cueball: Let's see if we can go over those and rejoin it further up.
:+1112:00
::Megan: It must get windier up here.
:+1129:00 [Megan takes a jump off the top of a hill while Cueball watches.]
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 2 - Part 2 (Fun on dunes, some Berries, a frog, and the WOW trees from Madagascar)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+1140:00
::Cueball: OOF.
::Megan: These are bigger than they looked.
:+1144:00 [Megan tries another jump, but lands hard, in a heap.]
:+1155:00 [A bird appears in the sky, flying towards them. Megan and Cueball stop and watch it for the next few frames before it disappears behind them.]
:+1193:00 [Grass appears.]
:+1198:00 [The first small tree appears.]
:+1216:00 [They come to a bigger tree, taller than them.]
:+1218:00
::Megan: Neat.
:+1220:00 [Megan yawns audibly.]
:+1221:00 [Cueball sits beneath the tree.]
:+1222:00
::Megan: The river isn't much farther...
:+1223:00 [Cueball leans against the tree. Megan gives in and joins him, laying with her head on her pack. Cueball switches to laying on his pack, as well.]
:+1257:00
::Cueball: Berries?
::Megan: Ooh, Thanks!
:+1259:00
::Cueball: There are people here.
:::Or were.
:::I found some sort of campsite.
:+1260:00
::Megan: Recent?
::Cueball: Looked like it'd been empty for a while.
:+1262:00
::Megan: I'm thirsty. Let's get to the river.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1265:00
::Megan: They leave anything good behind?
::Cueball: Just some wood. Not enough to build a raft.
:+1286:00 [Again at the river.]
::Cueball: This place is beautiful.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+1287:00
::Megan: I am surprised we haven't been seen by any people yet.
:+1288:00
::Megan: If it's this empty, ''we'' should live here.
:+1291:00
::Cueball: Did you notice the sea tasting ''better?''
::Megan: ...No?
:+1292:00
::Megan: I don't know.
:::I try ''not'' to taste seawater.
:::Why?
:+1293:00
::Cueball: I was thinking.
:::If a river is putting too much water in the sea, the sea should get fresher.
:+1294:00
::Cueball: I tasted the water back before we left.
::Megan: Ugh. And?
::Cueball: I thought it was a ''little'' fresher, but maybe it was just me.
:+1295:00
::Megan: Probably. I mean, how high was the sea then?
:::The extra water couldn't have been more than a tiny part of it.
:+1296:00
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1298:00
::Cueball: Well, we may as well continue.
:::Either we'll figure out the sea, or we'll keep finding beautiful places.
:+1299:00
::Megan: That sounds fun.
:+1313:00 [Megan is falling.]
:+1315:00
::Cueball: Are you OK?
:+1316:00
::Megan: I found a-
:+1317:00
::Frog: RIBBIT
:+1355:00
::Megan: Is this like the one you found?
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1381:00 [After reaching the top of a hill.]
::Megan: WOW.
:+1382:00 [Two big trees appear behind that hill, more than ten times larger than the trees before. They walk down to the first one. Megan touches it.]
:+1392:00
::Cueball: There are markings on the trunk.
::Megan: Oh. Yeah.
:+1393:00
::Megan: I wonder what they mean.
:+1402:00 [They arrive at a tree with a strangely bent top.]
:+1404:00
::Megan: I wonder if it's supposed to be like that.
:+1405:00
::Cueball: It's a pretty big tree.
:::It probably knows what it's doing.
:+1436:00 [Megan and Cueball have come to a vineyard. Cueball holds up some grapes.]
::Cueball: Do you think it's ok to take some?
:+1437:00
::Megan: Yeah.
:::It doesn't look like anyone's been here for a while.
:+1438:00 [They eat.]
:+1458:00 [They come to and walk past a table or bench.]
:+1463:00 [They come to a wooden structure that might be the remains of a {{w|tipi}}.]
:+1468:00
::Cueball: This looks like the stuff that floats down our river.
:+1469:00
::Cueball: I wonder if these people are related to the people in the hills.
::Megan: Maybe.
:+1471:00
::Megan: But the markings on that tree didn't look familiar.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1473:00
::Megan: We could cross the river now.
:::We've found more than enough wood for a raft.
:+1474:00
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1477:00
::Cueball: We're almost in the mountains.
:+1479:00
::Cueball: We walked along the sea for days and we didn't learn anything.
:::Up here we're learning lots.
:+1480:00
::Megan: We haven't learned why the sea rose.
::Cueball: Maybe we were never going to.
:+1481:00
::Cueball: There's food and water here.
:::I don't want to go all the way back down, walk along the sea for a few more days, then have to turn around.
:+1482:00
::Cueball: Maybe the sea is too big for us to understand.
:::We can't answer every question.
:+1483:00
::Megan: No, but I think we can answer '''''any''''' question.
:+1484:00
::Megan: Still, I agree. No need to turn around yet.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1485:00
::Megan: And those mountains ''do'' look neat.
::Cueball: Yeah!
:+1487:00
::Megan: Before we go, we should stock up.
::Cueball: I'll get more water.
:+1496:00 [Megan sees a squirrel below a tree.]
::Megan: Hi!
:+1498:00 [Megan walks towards the squirrel. It climbs up the tree.]
:+1499:00 [Megan stops.]
:+1500:00 [The squirrel comes back down.]
:+1501:00
::Megan: It's ok! I won't eat you.
:+1502:00 [Megan goes down and presents some food.]
:+1503:00 [Megan drops down some food to the ground and the squirrel seems to be still curious.]
:+1504:00
::Megan: Want some food?
:+1508:00 [The squirrel grabs the food and pulls it away from Megan. She gives up trying to pet it.]
:+1512:00 [Megan continues on to the vineyard. The squirrel climbs up again onto the tree, then comes back down as she leaves.]
:+1523:00 [Megan, picking grapes, exits left. The squirrel seems to be creeping in the grass behind her, very hard to see. As Megan returns, it leaves ahead of her and seems to go up the tree.]
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 2 - Part 3 (A vineyard, a snake is on their way, and a bird is protecting its baby)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+1548:00
::Cueball: I wonder where the people who take care of these plants are.
:+1565:00 [They continue walking. Cueball raises his arms strangely.]
:+1566:00
::Megan: What are you doing?
:+1567:00
::Cueball: Making shapes with my shadow!
:+1568:00
::Megan: When I stare down at mine for long enough while I walk, it starts to look really weird.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1571:00
::Megan: Still, it's better than when we were following the sea,
:::walking straight into the sun all morning.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1585:00 [Megan and Cueball reach a small ridge that Megan climbs first.]
:+1592:00
::Cueball: It's prettier right by the river, but it's easier to walk up here.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+1593:00
::Megan: Well, it all gets greener further up.
:+1608:00 [Megan and Cueball do reach another riff they have to climb on.]
:+1613:00 [Cueball climbs first.]
:+1618:00
::Cueball: Snake!
:+1618:00 [Cueball falls down.]
:+1621:00
::Megan: Are you ok?
:+1622:00
::Cueball: I think so-
:+1623:00
::Megan: Did it bite you?
::Cueball: No.
:+1624:00
::Megan: Could you see what kind it was?
:+1625:00
::Cueball: Brownish and shiny.
:::Kind of blotchy.
:+1626:00
::Megan: Did it have little spikes over it's eyes?
::Cueball: No, not one of those.
:+1627:00
::Cueball: It was weird.
:::Stubby at both ends.
:::Like it forgot to have a head and tail.
:+1628:00
::Megan: Hmm...
:+1629:00
::Megan: No idea.
:::But let's go around. And watch your feet.
::Cueball: Ok.
:+1632:00 [They search for another location to climb the cliff.]
:+1637:00 [This time Megan climbs first.]
::Megan: No snakes.
:+1642:00 [They continue uphill. Megan starts looking back.]
:+1674:00
::Megan: I think I can almost see the sea from here.
:+1676:00
::Cueball: I don't know.
:::It's hard to tell what's land and what's sky.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+1680:00 [They walk uphill again.]
:+1700:00
::Megan: It's cooler up here.
:+1705:00
::Cueball: Are you hearing quiet chirps?
:+1707:00
::Megan: No.
::Cueball: I don't hear it now either.
:+1709:00
::Megan: I heard chirps from the night sky once.
:+1710:00
::Megan: I was looking at the stars one night and I heard peeping.
:::It was very quiet.
:::Just a single chirp now and then.
::Cueball: Did you see anything?
:+1711:00
::Megan: I thought a few stars flicker. - Nothing else.
::Cueball: Hmm.
:+1716:00 [A sound in front of them: (Chirp).]
:+1717:00 [Again: (Chirp).]
:+1718:00
::Cueball: It's coming from up ahead.
:+1719:00 [Again: (Chirp).]
:+1723:00 [Megan and Cueball reach some trees.]
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1724:00
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1726:00
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1727:00
::Megan: Chirp
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1728:00
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1729:00
::Megan: Chirp
:+1731:00
::Megan: Why is it doing that?
::Bird in nest: Chirp
::Cueball: I don't know.
:+1732:00
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1733:00
::Megan: I guess it's angry that we're here.
:+1734:00
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1736:00 [A larger bird is flying towards the nest.]
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1738:00 [Still flying towards the nest.]
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1738:00 [The larger bird approaches the nest.]
::Bird in nest: Chirp
:+1741:00
::Megan: What's it doing?
::Cueball: I think it gave it something.
:+1742:00
::Megan: Oh! Food!
:::I bet the loud one is a baby.
::The larger bird: Chirp
:+1743:00
::Both birds: Chirp
:+1744:00 [Cueball is shouting.]
::Cueball: Now they're both loud.
:+1745:00 [The sound of the birds gets louder.]
:+1746:00
::Megan: It's ok.
:::We are not going to eat your baby.
::Cueball: I don't think it believes you.
:+1747:00
::Megan: That's ok. It's just protecting it's baby.
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 2 - Part 4 (Walking uphill, a large cliff, and some mysterious animals)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+1749:00 [Megan continues walking.]
::Megan: Hey-
:::I think I see water up ahead.
:+1753:00
::Cueball: Don't worry!
:::You're doing a good job.
:+1755:00 [Cueball follows Megan.]
:+1764:00 [Cueball is below a tree and Megan jumps down.]
::Megan: Hi!
:+1765:00 [Megan falls on Cueball.]
:+1767:00
::Megan: I found a tiny river.
:+1769:00
::Megan: You ok?
::Cueball: Yup!
:+1786:00 [Megan and Cueball sleep.]
:+1796:00 [Megan gets bit by a fly and wakes up.]
::Megan: Facebug!
:+1797:00 [Cueball is still sleeping.]
::Cueball: Mrrr gblghx
:+1805:00 [Megan wakes up Cueball.]
::Megan: Hey!
:+1806:00
::Megan: Come see what I found!
:+1807:00
::Megan: This river is flowing toward the big one, so I followed it to see if they connected.
:+1811:00 [They follow the small river.]
::Cueball: WOW.
:+1812:00 [Megan and Cueball are standing on top of a large cliff.]
:+1817:00 [Back at the small river.]
::Cueball: I guess the land goes up, but the river stays at the same level.
:+1818:00
::Megan: The river has been going up, too.
:::But not as fast as the land.
:+1820:00
::Megan: Can water really wear away rock like this?
:+1821:00
::Cueball: I guess it can.
:+1823:00
::Megan: I can't imagine how long it must have taken.
:+1824:00
::Cueball: Yeah...
:+1829:00
::Cueball: A lot of these rocks are pretty crumbly.
:+1830:00
::Cueball: Even down there, between all the big rocks, the cliff walls look sandy.
:::Water eats away sand pretty fast.
:+1832:00
::Megan: Yeah.
:+1836:00
::Megan: I wonder how deep it gets.
:+1837:00
::Cueball: Maybe it goes right through the mountain, and it's as deep as the mountain is tall.
:+1838:00
::Megan: It could be even deeper.
:::We don't know how far down the water goes.
:+1839:00
::Cueball: Hmm.
:+1840:00
::Cueball: I guess it can't be much deeper than the surface of the sea.
:::If it were, it wouldn't flow fast and cut into the ground.
::Megan: Oh. Yeah.
:+1841:00
::Megan: But then, a river couldn't cut all the way through a mountain, either.
:::Because how would it get started?
:+1843:00
::Megan: I wonder what the top of a mountain is like?
:+1845:00
::Cueball: Let's find out.
:+1850:00 [Megan and Cueball walk back, grab their knapsacks and continue their explorations.]
:+1902:00 [They reach a rock which is hard to climb.]
::Cueball: It seems we've reached our journey's end.
:+1903:00
::Megan: Want to find an easier spot?
::Cueball: No, I can do it.
:::Let me help you up first.
:+1912:00 [Megan and Cueball reach the top of the boulder while an unknown animal is watching them.]
:+1913:00 [Cueball points on that animal.]
::Cueball: Oh!
:+1916:00 [The animal reveals as hedgehog after it did cover its full body.]
:+1924:00 [Cueball touches the hedgehog.]
::Megan: Careful!
::Cueball: It's OK.
:+1927:00 [Cueball picks up the hedgehog.]
::Megan: Does it hurt?
::Cueball: It's a little prickly.
:+1928:00
::Megan: Careful, it might bite.
::Cueball: Have you seen one before?
::Megan: Never this close.
:+1929:00
::Megan: It's really neat.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+1930:00
::Cueball: Ok, we'll stop bothering you.
:+1931:00 [Cueball puts the hedgehog back to the ground and both continue their journey.]
:+1976:00
::Cueball: You OK?
:+1977:00
::Megan: Yup!
:+1979:00
::Cueball: Maybe it's time to turn around.
:+1980:00
::Cueball: The world is too big.
:::It can go on longer than we can.
:+1981:00
::Megan: I'm still going.
:+1982:00
::Cueball: But one day we won't be. And we're a long way from home.
:+1984:00
::Cueball: Earlier, I thought you wanted to turn around and go back to the sea.
:+1985:00
::Megan: I don't want to go back to it. I want to understand it.
:+1987:00
::Cueball: By climbing? The sea is down, not up.
:+1993:00
::Megan: These bugs have such beautiful wings.
:+1994:00
::Megan: You could spend a thousand lifetimes staring at water and sand, thinking as hard as you could, and you'd never guess the world had things like this in it.
:+1997:00
::Megan: I wanna see the top.
:+1998:00
::Cueball: What do think we'll find?
::Megan: More world. Maybe different.
:+2045:00 [Climbing, they reach a plateau with a small tree.]
::Megan: Weird.
:+2050:00 [Megan climbs up the tree and tastes a fruit.]
::Megan: PFFFTHH.
:+2061:00 [Megan points to a small tree, similar to a Christmas tree.]
::Megan: Oh!
:+2081:00 [They encounter an old bunker.]
::Megan: Hello?
:+2084:00 [Megan goes inside.]
::Cueball: See anything?
:+2084:00
::Megan: Just some old furniture. Shelves, a broken bowl.
:+2094:00 [Megan climbs on something behind the bunker. A cougar appears, hidden by the bush to the left, behind them.]
::Megan: Oh, hey-
:+2095:00
::Megan: There's a stream back here.
:+2096:00
::Megan: And it almost looks like there's something on top of the mountain.
:+2097:00
::Cueball: Hmm...
:::Could be.
:+2100:00
::Cueball: I think whoever lived here liked building castles, too.
:+2103:00
::Cueball: Here.
:+2104:00
::Megan: Oh!
:::You brought a flag?
::Cueball: Yeah, I-
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 2 - Part 5 (The cougar attack)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2105:00
::Cueball: -LOOK OUT!
:+2106:00 [Cueball pushes Megan out of the way as a cougar rushes at them.]
:+2107:00 [The cougar jumps on Cueball.]
:+2110:00 [Megan grabs a branch laying on the ground.]
::Megan: Hey!
:::''Hey!''
:::''Over here!''
:+2112:00 [Megan hits the cougar.]
::Megan: THAWAP!
::Cougar: SNARL!
:+2113:00
::Cougar: HISS
:+2113:00 [Megan smacks the cougar on its head.]
:+2114:00 [The cougar runs away.]
:+2116:00
::Megan: Are you ok?
::Cueball: I, um...
:::I think so?
:+2117:00
::Megan: It didn't bite you?
::Cueball: It had claws. I saw them.
::Megan: But you're not bleeding?
:+2118:00
::Cueball: No?
:+2119:00
::Cueball: I think it grabbed my bag by mistake.
:+2120:00
::Megan: That was lucky.
::Cueball: I was lucky that...
:::...You chased it away. Did you ''hit'' it?
:::I couldn't really see.
:+2121:00
::Megan: Yeah.
:+2122:00
::Cueball: That was brave.
:+2123:00
::Megan: You grabbed me. If you hadn't pulled me down and-
::Cueball: Are '''''you''''' ok?
:+2124:00
::Megan: Yeah, I'm fine.
:+2125:00
::Cueball: No, you're not.
:+2126:00
::Megan: What?
::Cueball: You hurt your leg.
:+2127:00
::Megan: No, I just banged it on something when-
::Cueball: You're bleeding.
:+2128:00
::Megan: What? No I-
:::''Oh.''
:+2129:00
::Megan: Claw marks. I didn't see it hit me.
::Cueball: It moved fast.
:+2131:00 [Cueball searches through his bag and talks to himself quietly.]
::Cueball: Where is it...
:::I thought I had...
:+2132:00
::Megan: This is a surprising amount of blood.
:+2133:00
::Cueball: Keep your hand tight over where it's coming out.
:::I'm looking for something to wrap around it.
:+2134:00
::Cueball: I can just tear the bag.
:::It's torn already. Or-
::Megan: Oh, wait.
:+2135:00 [Megan pulls a strip of fabric out of her bag and gives it to Cueball.]
:+2145:00
::Megan: Sorry for ruining your flag.
:+2146:00
::Cueball: It's OK.
:::After all, I brought it for you.
:+2147:00
::Megan: Thank you.
:+2149:00
::Megan: I like it so much I'm coloring it a beautiful red.
:+2162:00
::Megan: It's going to be a long walk home.
:+2163:00
::Cueball: Can you even walk? How are you feeling?
:+2164:00
::Megan: Thirsty.
:+2169:00
::Cueball: Does it hurt?
:+2170:00
::Megan: It didn't at first.
:::Now it does.
:+2175:00
::Cueball: I think you're right.
:::There's some kind of structure on the mountain.
:+2179:00
::Megan: I think I can walk OK.
:+2180:00
::Megan: It hurts, but it doesn't really hurt '''''more''''' when I lean on it.
::Cueball: That's good, at least.
:+2181:00
::Cueball: But it's a pretty bad cut.
:::It could get a lot worse in the time it takes to walk home.
:+2182:00
::Cueball: We need help.
:+2183:00
::Megan: Do you think we should keep going up?
:+2184:00
::Cueball: We can't be more than a day or so from the top.
:::There may be people there.
:+2185:00
::Megan: Like the people in the hills?
::Cueball: We're a long way from there.
:+2186:00
::Cueball: We don't know what's past the mountains. If we go up a little more, we'll be able to see.
:::There could be villages.
:+2187:00
::Megan: And if there's no one there, we wont be much farther from home than we are now.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+2188:00
::Megan: OK.
:+2189:00
::Cueball: I'll carry everything in your bag. Mine's torn, anyway.
:+2192:00
::Cueball: You tell me if your leg starts hurting too much.
::Megan: OK.
:+2194:00 [Both continue walking uphill...]
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 2 - Part 6 (Starting to walk to the top of the mountain, the sun sets down)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
[[Media:1190TimeNight.gif|Animated gif with enhanced brightness]]
:+2204:00
::Cueball: I'll step in and help you over.
:+2205:00 [Megan jumps over the small stream without waiting for Cueballs help.]
:+2207:00
::Megan: OW.
:+2218:00 [After walking uphill again an indistinguishable animal appears in front of them.]
:+2221:00 [The animal disappeared and the are walking again.]
:+2223:00
::Megan: It's definitely colder up here.
:+2233:00
::Cueball: How are you feeling?
::Megan: Not great.
:+2234:00
::Megan: That thing is still out there.
::Megan: Probably others, too.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+2240:00 The beginning of a sunset.
:+2252:00 The sky gets darker.
::Megan: We need to sleep.
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+2253:00
::Megan: It didn't seem scary before
:::pausing to sleep wherever we were.
:+2255:00
::Cueball: I'll stay awake while you rest.
::Megan: I can stay awake.
:+2256:00
::Cueball: No, you need to rest. I'll wake you if I get tired.
:+2258:00
::Megan: Or if something is trying to eat you, and you need me to hit it.
:+2260:00 [Megan sleeps.]
:+2262:00 [It still gets darker and the sun settles down behind the mountain.]
:+2265:00 [The "Evening Star" (The planet Venus) appears on the sky and follows the path of the sun.]
:+2270:00 [More stars are viewable since it still gets darker.]
:+2319:20 until 2319:24 [A meteor appears in the sky.]
:+2333:00
::Cueball: Hey.
:+2334:00
::Cueball: Wake up.
::Megan: Yeah?
:+2335:00
::Cueball: I stayed awake as long as I could. Can you take over?
::Megan: Oh, sure.
:+2338:00
::Megan: All quiet?
:+2339:00
::Cueball: Yeah. How are you feeling?
::Megan: Still hurts.
:+2340:00
::Megan: But I got some rest. Your turn now.
:+2345:00 [A sound from above of them.]
::Chirp
:+2349:00 [Again that sound.]
::Chirp
:+2350:00
::Megan: Do you hear that?
:+2351:00
::Chirp
::Cueball: Yeah.
:+2352:00
::Cueball: I wonder what they're doing.
:+2386:00
::Cueball: I'm awake.
::Megan: Finally!
:+2387:00
::Cueball: Did I sleep too long?
::Megan: Not long enough, really. But it's getting late.
:::And I was bored.
:+2388:00
::Cueball: How's your leg?
:+2390:00
::Megan: Looks OK.
:+2391:00
::Cueball: It does?
::Megan: Sure.
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 2 - Part 7 (After the night the final attempt to reach the top of the mountain)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2419:00
::Megan: OK. We get to the top. We look for people.
:+2420:00
::Megan: If we don't see any, we start back home.
:+2421:00
::Cueball: Sounds good.
:+2432:00 [After walking uphill again they reach a cliff in front of them.]
::Megan: Neat.
:+2433:00 [Some unknown items are at that cliff.]
::Cueball: I wonder what it's for.
:+2437:00 [Cueball helps Megan up to reach that cliff.]
::Cueball: Careful.
:+2440:00 [Cueball stands at the bottom of the cliff.]
::Cueball: Huh.
:+2441:00 [Cueball climbs up the cliff, using some artificial steps.]
:+2451:00 [They reach a plateau and before them there is a wooden tower.]
:+2458:00
::Cueball: I guess the mountains don't go back down on the other side.
:+2461:00 [Megan climbs up the tower.]
:+2465:00
::Megan: I found people.
:+2466:00 [Cueball reaches also the top floor of the tower.]
::Cueball: Where!?
::Megan: Over there.
:+2467:00
::Megan: It's far away.
:::But do you see the dust?
:+2468:00
::Cueball: Yeah...
::Megan: And I saw flashes of light.
:::Something glinting.
:+2470:00
::Megan: It's not far.
:::We can reach them tonight.
:+2471:00
::Cueball: Good!
:::Is walking still not too painful?
:+2472:00
::Megan: Walking is OK. Climbing hurt.
:+2473:00
::Cueball: You could have asked me to climb up here for you.
::Megan: But I wanted to see.
:+2474:00
::Megan: Have you figured out what that ting is?
:+2475:00
::Cueball: It looks like it's supposed to hold something.
:+2476:00
::Cueball: You can point it at things. Maybe it's a weapon.
:+2477:00
::Megan: Maybe.
:+2478:00
::Megan: But why would there be a weapon way up here?
:::What's it aimed at?
:+2479:00
::Cueball: Right now you're pointing it at our home.
:::Haven't you launched enough things at our castle?
::Megan: No.
:+2488:00
::Megan: Our poor castle.
:::I wonder what's left of it.
:+2490:00 [White panel.]
:+2491:00-2493:00 [Showing the location of the castle, but it's flooded and the castle is gone. Only a small piece is floating on the sea.]
:+2494:00 [White panel.]
:+2507:00
::Cueball: I think that's another tower.
:+2508:00
::Megan: I think so, too.
:+2511:00 [Megan looks back to Cueball.]
::Megan: Are you OK?
:+2512:00
::Cueball: Yeah. I just need to rest for a moment.
:+2513:00
::Cueball: I don't know why I'm so out of breath.
::Megan: I'm feeling it too.
:+2515:00
::Cueball: I wonder if the air up here is different.
:+2516:00
::Megan: Could be.
:::It's definitely cooler.
</div>
{{clear}}
</div>
{{clear}}

===Scene 3 (Finding an unknown tribe)===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Scene 3 - Part 1 (Finding other people)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2525:00
::Cueball: I can see someone on that hill!
:+2526:00
::Megan: Oh, yeah!
::Megan: '''HEY! HELLOOO!!'''
:+2527:00
::Cueball: Still too far to hear.
:+2529:00 [Megan runs.]
::Megan: '''HEY!'''
:+2530:00 [Megan and Cueball walking fast toward the people.]
:+2531:00
::Megan: Well, they've seen us.
:+2533:00 [One foreign man appears.]
:+2535:00 [Two more people appear and they look face to face at Megan and Cueball.]
:+2536:00 [Megan talks to the strangers.]
::Megan: Hi.
:::We're from far away, and my leg is hurt.
:::Can you help us?
:+2537:00
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2537.png]]
:+2538:00
::Stranger 2: [[File:Dialog2538.png]]
:+2539:00
::Cueball: Huh.
::Megan: OK. Umm.
:+2540:00 [Megan shows the strangers her leg.]
:+2542:00 [Stranger 2 asks Stranger 3 to go back and get some medicine.]
::Stranger 2: [[File:Dialog2542.png]]
:+2545:00 [Stranger 1 look at Megans leg.]
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2545.png]]
:+2548:00 [After Stranger 3 is back Megan sits on a stone.]
::Cueball: They seem to know what they're doing.
::Megan: Yeah.
:::I wonder what that is.
:+2549:00 [Megan talks to Stranger 3.]
::Megan: That.
:::What is that?
:+2550:00
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2550.png]]
:+2551:00
::Cueball: It's some kind of paste.
:::Does it hurt?
::Megan: Not-ow-not really.
:+2554:00
::Megan: Um, thank you.
:+2555:00 [The strangers are leaving and one invites Megan and Cueball to come with them.]
:+2564:00 [They approach the home of the strangers, a new tower appears, and they are trying to test the gifts.]
::Megan: It's just water.
:+2565:00
::Cueball: Yawn
:+2566:00
::Cueball: How do we talk to them? We can figure this out.
:+2567:00 [Megan points to the sea downwards.]
::Megan: We're from down there. The sea. We're from the...
:+2568:00
::Megan: Yawn
:+2569:00
::Megan: ..We're from the sea.
:::And we have to sleep.
:+2571:00
:Stranger: [[File:Dialog2571.png]]
:+2572:00 [Black panel.]
:+2573:00 [Stranger sitting on the tower, probably doing observations.]
:+2575:00 [Cueball appears and fetches two cups. The stranger comes down the tower.]
:+2576:00 [Cueball and the stranger fill water in their cups.]
:+2580:00 [Cueball and a stranger sitting face to face, the stranger points at his cup.]
::Stranger: [[File:Dialog2580.png]]
:+2582:00 [Cueball does his his first try with the strange language.]
::Cueball: [[File:Dialog2582a.png]]
::Stranger: [[File:Dialog2582b.png]] [[File:Dialog2582c.png]]
:+2583:00 [Megan is awake again.]
::Megan: Yawn
:+2585:00 [Cueball approaches Megan, while the stranger keeps sitting.]
::Cueball: I learned a word. I think.
::Megan: Oh?
:+2586:00
::Cueball: [[File:Dialog2582a.png]] "Water". Probably.
:+2587:00
::Stranger: [[File:Dialog2580.png]]
:+2588:00
::Cueball: Or "Drink!"
::Megan: Hmm.
:+2589:00
::Megan: There must be a faster way to...
:+2590:00 [Stranger looks through instrument on the left.]
::Cueball: —Hey!
:+2592:00 [Cueball gets a stick to draw on the ground.]
::Megan: It's ok!
:+2594:00 [Cueball draws Megan, himself, and three strangers on the ground.]
:+2596:00 [Stranger adds the tower to the drawing.]
:+2597:00 [Cueball draws smaller scaled picture of mountain with Megan and him at the bottom and the strangers and tower on top.]
:+2599:00 [Cueball erases him and Megan from the bottom and sketches their journey uphill.]
:+2601:00 [Cueball draws the sea on bottom of the hill.]
::Cueball: [[File:Dialog2582a.png]]
:+2602:00
::Stranger: [[File:Dialog2602.png]]
:+2604:00 [Cueball does not understand and hands over the stick to the Stranger.]
:+2606:00 [The Stranger draws a higher level on the sea.]
::Megan: Yes! The sea is rising!
::Cueball: Why is that happening?
:+2608:00 [A second Stranger appears behind the tower.]
::Stranger 2: [[File:Dialog2608.png]]
:+2610:00 [The Stranger with the stick erases some of Cueballs drawings behind the tower and adds a building at a slightly higher level.]
:+2611:00
::Megan: They're going somewhere...
::Cueball: ...and want us to come, too.
:+2613:00 [The Stranger with the stick draws a long haired woman behind that building.]
:+2614:00
::Cueball: Oh, speech! There's someone we can talk to?
:+2615:00 [The Stranger with the stick draws the way of the sun for an entire day and the trip, which is less in time.]
:+2616:00
::Megan: I get it-
:::it's less than a day away.
::Cueball: Then let's do it.
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 3 - Part 2 (Walking to the long haired woman)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2618:00 [The Strangers pick up their devices and they start the next travel.]
:+2625:00 [Megan wears again a knapsack.]
:+2642:00 [They spot a rabbit. The rabbit runs away.]
:+2670:00 [The group rests beneath a tree to eat.]
::Cueball: It's good, whatever it is.
:+2671:00
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2797.png]]
:+2672:00
::Megan: Huh, ok.
:::[[File:Dialog2797.png]]
:+2676:00 [The stranger shows more items (maybe food) to Megan and Cueball.]
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2802.png]]
:+2677:00 [The text changes to a map with a triangular mesh.]
::[[File:Dialog2803.png]]
:+2678:00
::Megan: I heard "water".
::Cueball: Is it some kind of map?
:+2679:00
::Megan: I guess. But it's just a jumble of lines.
::Cueball: Maybe those triangle things are rivers?
:+2680:00
::Stranger 2: [[File:Dialog2806a.png]]
:::[[File:Dialog2806b.png]] [[File:Dialog2806c.png]]
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2806d.png]]
:+2692:00 [The group passes a flag.]
::Cueball: Wow. There's a whole ''city'' up there.
::Megan: Neat!
:+2695:00 [The group enters the city.]
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2821.png]]
:+2697:00 [They approach a man wearing a slightly larger hat, sitting before a small house.]
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2823.png]]
::Stranger with larger hat: [[File:Dialog2823.png]]
:+2701:00
::Cueball: I like these little houses.
:::They-
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2827.png]]
::Megan: Oh.
:+2702:00
::Cueball: Oh.
::Megan: Oh wow.
:+2703:00 [The scene zooms out.]
:+2704:00 [The scene zooms out more, and a big castle, still under construction, appears in front of them.]
:+2705:00 [Zoom in back to the people.]
::Megan: A real castle. I never thought I'd see a real castle!
:+2706:00
::Cueball: I wasn't sure there ''were'' real castles.
::Megan: Look at it. It's breathtaking.
:+2709:00
::Megan: Our castle was too small.
:+2710:00
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2836.png]]
:+2715:00 [They walk uphill towards the castle and meet a guy holding something under his arm.]
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2841a.png]]
::Stranger 4: [[File:Dialog2841b.png]]
:+2716:00 [They keep walking.]
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2842b.png]]
::Stranger 4: [[File:Dialog2842a.png]] [[File:Dialog2842b.png]]
:+2720:00 [They enter the castle.]
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 3 - Part 3 (Inside the castle)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2723:00 [They are inside the castle, walking down stairs.]
::Megan: Neat!
:+2725:00 [They walk through a large hall.]
:+2737:00 [After passing through a door and a curtain, they meet the translator.]
::Translator: [[File:Dialog2841a.png]]
:+2738:00
::Stranger 2: [[File:Dialog2841a.png]]
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2841a.png]]
:+2739:00
::Translator: [[File:Dialog2865.png]]
:+2740:00 [Megan and Cueball step forward.]
::Stranger 1: [[File:Dialog2866a.png]]
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2866b.png]]
:+2742:00
::Cueball: Hello!
::Megan: Do you understand us?
:+2744:00
::Translator [A long haired woman, multiple copies of text above each other indicating language difficulties]: Somewhat
:+2746:00
::Cueball: I think we understand you, too!
:+2747:00
::Translator [still blurry]: Whence have you traveled here
:+2748:00
::Cueball: We came here up the mountain.
::Megan: We're from the sea.
:+2749:00
::Translator [very blurry]: You arose here from the desert below.
:::Nobody [unintelligible; possibly "survives there"?]
:+2751:00
::Megan: We, um... We don't quite understand that.
:+2752:00
::Translator [very blurry]: '''I''' am sorry.
:::Your language is like those spoken by the... difficult... but I learned it.
:+2753:00
::Translator [very blurry]: Please [two phrases overlapping: "have patience" and "be patient"].
::Cueball: Of course.
:+2754:00
::Translator: [[File:Dialog2880a.png]]
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2880b.png]]
:+2756:00
::Stranger 3: [[File:Dialog2841a.png]]
:+2757:00
::Translator [very blurry]: They understand nothing so they will tend to matters.
::Megan: Of course.
:+2758:00
::Translator: Your bags
:+2759:00
::Megan: What do you want our bags for?
::Translator: They are heavy.
::Megan: ''...Oh.'' Thank you!
:+2764:00
::Cueball: Thank you!
::Translator: You're welcome.
:+2765:00
::Translator: Tell me where your home is.
:+2766:00
::Megan: We live by the shore, near a river that flows down to the sea every year.
::Translator: What river? [ed. note: Translator's question mark is denoted by ring accent, as it is in their language.]
:+2767:00
::Megan: It's a smaller river-not the one that flows from your land.
:::We collect things that float down it.
:+2768:00
::Cueball: There are people in the hills where our river comes from.
::Megan: They don't like us.
:+2769:00
::Translator: How many people strong are yoů [ed. note: "you?"]
:+2770:00
::Cueball: There are about forty of us.
::Translator: ...is forty? [Possibly "How much is forty"] All my numbers are too small.
::Megan: Um. Four ten times. Five eight times.
::Translator: Yes! Good.
:+2771:00
::Translator [blurry]: Do you carry these people with yoů [ed. note: "you?"]
:+2772:00
::Megan: No. We came here alone.
::Translator [blurry]: Oh.
::Megan: We're here to find out why the sea is changing.
::Translator [blurry]: Um.
:+2773:00
::Translator [very blurry]: You do not know.
:::I [illegible]you see.
::Cueball: ...did you get that?
::Megan: No.
:+2774:00
::Translator [very blurry]: Your sea does not stand alone! There is another sea north [of yours] beyond the shore. It has become glued to yours [but their] levels differ and thus [water] flows. [Ed: exclamation points denoted by two lines above last letter in the sentence.]
::Cueball: Wait, slow down.
:+2775:00
::Megan: No, I think I understood.
:::There's a second sea, a higher one, and its waters have started flowing into ours.
::Cueball: Why? What connected them?
::Megan: Yeah-what changed?
:+2776:00
::Translator [very blurry]: In time even the hills change. When people first walked and first built [their] cities the seas were joined. But there was a great [illegible] rocks and the passage was closed. Your sea [illegible] with too few rivers. Under the sun it shrank and the water fell. Now the sea has found a way back in.
:+2777:00
::Cueball: ...How different are the seas' heights?
:::How high will the water eventually rise? Should we move our home?
::Translator: Do you know where you are̊ [ed. note: "are?"]
:+2778:00
::Cueball: No.
::Translator: I will build you a map to understanding.
:+2780:00
::[A map is drawn on a tablet. A sea named [[File:Dialog2906.png]] in the middle is labeled [This sea is yours]. There is part of a sea to the bottom left, labeled [The sea joining yours]. Above the central sea there is a small patch labeled [The fortress is here].]
:+2781:00
::[Dashed lines are drawn on the map featuring the predicted future extent of sea. The shape of the predicted coastline matches the shape of the real-world western to central Mediterranean Sea from Gibraltar to Italy/Albania. Thus the "sea joining yours" corresponds to the Atlantic ocean and the "sea that is yours" corresponds to the remains of the Mediterranean. This matches the Latin phrase "mare nostrum" (= "our sea") that the Romans used to call the Mediterranean. The location of the castle corresponds to the vicinity of Marseille in France.]
::Translator: And this. Our belief about the sea's new shore.
:+2782:00
::Megan: The sea can cover ''mountains''?
:+2783:00
::Translator: We learned.
:::It has happened before. When our parents were learning to walk upright the sea fled and returned.
:+2784:00
::Translator: [Now] it is happening again.
:+2786:00
::Megan: The shoreline goes right through where the castle is.
:::Where we are right now.
::Translator: Yes.
:+2787:00
::Translator: The castle [fortress] was once an island.
:::We found it and have tried to rebuild it.
:+2788:00
::Translator: I guess [imagine / suppose] it will be an island again.
:+2789:00
::Cueball: Who ''are'' you ?
::Translator: [very blurry] We are tea(che)rs/learners/scholars. This fortress s(wa)r(m)s with tea(ching)/sci(ence)/lea(rn). And I am their teacher/leader/ruler.
:+2790:00
::Megan: I still can't imagine it. ''Every'' place we've walked will someday be inside the sea.
:+2791:00
::Megan: We need to get back home.
:::We need to get started on plans to move.
:::Can we have one of your maps? That would help-
:::...Are you OK?
:+2792:00
::Translator: [very blurry] I'm so sorry
::Cueball: What?
:+2793:00
::Translator: [very blurry] When we discovered the sea was rising under the bank, we tried to shore it up.
:::We '''failed.'''
:::We tried to re(mo)ve everybody from the basin but we do not '''know''' of your group/t(rib)e.
:+2794:00
::Megan: No, it's ok!
:::I've been thinking.
:::At the rate we saw the sea rising, it will take years to-
::Translator: '''No.'''
:+2795:00
::Translator: [very blurry] As the water flows, it widens the breach.
:::'''The berm is giving way.'''
:::The sea will rush through in a great torrent.
:::The planet's mightiest river will once again come thundering down the mountainside.
:::The sea will fill
:::not in years
:::but in '''days'''.
:+2796:00
::Translator: The journey to your land is much too long.
:::I will not send [illegible] only to see them encircled and drowned by the [rising / rushing] tide.
:+2797:00
::Translator: The world you know is ending,
:::But fortune has delivered you from the flood.
:::You did not intend to leave your home forever, but be [thankful / grateful] you left when you did.
::Cueball: But..
:+2798:00
::Translator: You must say your goodbyes from there. You cannot go back down into the abyss
:::For you have walked too far and now there is no more time to walk
:::The ocean ('''sea''') is coming ('''here''').
:+2801:00 [Megan and Cueball running out of the room.]
</div>
{{clear}}
</div>
{{clear}}

===Scene 4 (Recovering the people at their home)===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
====Scene 4 - Part 1 (Megan and Cueball running home)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2807:00 [Outside of the castle, two strangers sitting on the ground.]
::Stranger: [[File:Dialog2931.png]]
::Cueball: ...oh! Hi!
:+2808:00
::Cueball: I, uhh...
:::Thank you for-
::Megan: [[File:Dialog2932.png]]
::Cueball: Thank you.
:::We have to go.
:+2809:00
::Stranger: [[File:Dialog2933.png]]
::Megan: Goodbye!
:+2810:00
::Cueball: It's getting late.
::Megan: We can make it to the tower tonight
:+2811:00
::Cueball: We can't run the whole way
::Megan: Nope
:+2815:00 [At the village.]
::Man with large hat: [[File:Dialog2941.png]]
:+2816:00
::Cueball: Hi!
:::Probably.
:+2824:00
::Cueball: Not much further!
:+2830:00 [They enter a dark tunnel and do a rest for sleep.]
:+2832:00
::Cueball: I dreamed I woke up in the water.
:+2836:00
::Cueball: I hope they don't mind us taking some of the food and water here.
::Megan: Mm.
:+2837:00
::Cueball: Maybe we should have stayed to ask.
:::But I was starting to get a little creeped out.
::Megan: Yeah.
:+2841:00
::Cueball: Still, maybe they could have helped us find a faster way back.
:+2842:00
::Cueball: ...Are you OK?
::Megan: I did something that was wrong.
:+2843:00
::Cueball: !!!
:+2844:00
::Cueball: You stole the maps!
::Megan: I'll give them back some day! I hope.
::Cueball: This is great! There are so many!
:+2845:00
::Cueball: We must be here, right?
::Megan: Yeah.
:::So we can follow our old path back down the mountain, then cut across land through the hills.
:::I'm guessing they're empty. It sounds that everyone knew but us.
::Cuball: Yeah.
::Megan: OK. We can do this, probably.
:+2851:00
::Megan: That stuff they put on my leg worked great.
:::What do you think it was?
::Cueball: No idea.
:::I'm just glad they had it.
:+2852:00
::Megan: Along with the maps I should've stolen a guide to treating injuries.
:::Ooh, and one how they make those pointing devices in the towers...
::Cueball: Um...
:+2856:00 [The cougar appears again.]
:+2857:00 [The cougar flees and runs away.]
:+2865:00 [They reach again the hedgehog.]
::Cueball: Just go uphill. Don't stop, don't get stuck. You can make it.
:+2868:00 [At the tree with the baby bird. It's preparing for its first flight.]
::Bird: Chirp!
::''Flap Flap Flap Flap''
:+2871:00 [They rest at the same location they did before.]
:+2874:00
::Cueball: I don't see anyone.
:::I think the hills are empty.
::Megan: I wish we had time to explore them.
:::I'd love to learn how they make all that stuff.
:+2877:00
::Cueball: Is that the sea?
::Megan ...Should it be in view already?
:+2880:00
::Cueball: I know this place.
:::There ''definitely'' shouldn't be water here.
::Megan: Uh oh.
::Cueball: The sea must be following up old riverbeds.
::Megan: If it's here, it must be close to joining the river. How high up do you think we are?
::Cueball: No idea. How do you even measure that?
::Megan: I don't know.
::spush spush
:+2881:00
::Cueball: Oh!
:::I used to come out
:::to this rock
:::when I was little.
:::''*breathe*''
:::...it's weird
:::being the last person
:::to see it.
:+2882:00
::Megan: Whoa, wait.
:+2883:00
::Megan: Look at the spot where we crossed the riverbed.
::Cueball: Oh. Oh no.
:+2885:00
::Megan: There they are!
:::I see people coming over the rise across the...
:::...water.
:+2886:00
::Cueball: I can't tell how deep it is.
:::These things seem to be snaking in from all along the coast. We should've come from more inland.
::Megan: I was ''trying'', but inland keeps moving!
:+2887:00
::Cueball: They're headed this way. They must be planning to cross here.
:::Do you think it's safe?
::Megan: It should be-
:::it's not actually a river; they can swim if they need.
:+2888:00
::Cueball: We should cross.
:::They're not here yet, and it's getting deeper. Better to get on their side while we can.
:::Then we can help them back over if it's safe.
::Megan: Good thinking.
:+2889:00 [Cueball is in the water.]
::Cueball: I can feel it flowing...
:::...but something seems wrong.
:::Hang on.
:+2890:00 [Cueball is falling into the water, keeping his backpack above the water level.]
::SPLASH
::Cueball: Augh!
::Megan: What??
:+2891:00
::Cueball: It's-
:::''*tphbtt*''
:::-it's ''fresh''!
:::Not as fresh as a river, but too fresh to float on-
:::definitely not while holding a bag.
::Megan: I guess the other sea is fresh water. I hope it's shallow enough to ford.
:+2892:00
::Cueball: I'll go first, since you have the maps.
::Megan: I think this bag will keep them pretty dry if it has to. It's a good bag.
:+2893:00 [Crossing the water.]
::Cueball: Whoa, careful-the current gets strong!
::Megan: Oof!
:::It's not even that deep, but...
:::...I can barely...
::Cueball: Almost there.
:+2894:00 [At the other side.]
::Cueball: That was a little too close.
:::Oh, they definitely see us!
:::<big>'''''Hey!'''''</big>:::
::Other people: !!!!!
::Megan: I think I can actually ''see'' it rising, at the edge.
:+2895:00 [Some people from their tribe appear.]
::Friend: You're back!
::Megan: The sea is not going to stop rising! We have to get to the mountains!
::Cueball: ...hello!
:+2896:00
::Friend: Where did you go?
::Megan: To the mountains! We learned everything!
::Friend: ''Everything?''
::Megan: Most of it! Where's everyone else?
:+2897:00
::Friend: The hills are empty!
::Megan: We know!
::Friend: It's great! We don't have to wait for them to throw stuff away! A bunch of us are up there right now going through what they left behind!
::Megan: But, the flood!
::Cueball: Oh, no.
:+2898:00
::Friend 1: The kids told us about the sea a few days ago. I said we should move to the hills, but others wanted to keep clear in case the people return.
::Friend 2: When we saw it was coming up the riverbed, I left with this group. The others are getting ready to leave but wanted to see if the water-
::Megan: How many?
::Friend 2: There are twelve of us back at camp.
::Megan: ...we have to go back.
::Cueball: Huh...
:::I think there's stuff floating on the sea.
:+2899:00
::Megan: We might be able to cross here, but the next group won't.
:::The currents are strong and the water has changed. It's getting fresher, like a river. We can't float across, unless any of you can swim on fresh water.
::Friend 3: My cousin says she can swim across a river.
::Megan: Well, can she carry all of us?
::Friend 3: I'll ask her.
::Megan: There seem to be more of these channels. We shouldn't split the group up further just to get trapped among them.
::Friend 3 (cont.): Except I can't find her...
::Friend 2: OK, what ''do ''we do?
::Cueball: I think there's something on the sea.
:+2900:00
::Megan: We have to get everyone together.
:::We have to find something to help us cross rivers and sea-channels.
:::We have to head the other way,
:::across the plain,
:::toward the mountains.
:::We need to run.
:+2901:00 [They run.]
: +2902:00 [Cut to black.]
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 4 - Part 2 (The tribe gets ready to move on their raft)====
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
:+2903:00
::Megan: As you can tell, the sea is coming up the river.
:::These low channels are going to fill quickly,
:::We need to get away from them, move along them on high ground to join up with the group in the hills, and then escape across the plains to the mountains.
:::I have maps to show us the way.
:+2904:00
::Cueball: To avoid being trapped by these sea-rivers-or the regular rivers-we need a way to cross them.
::Megan: They're too fresh to swim over, so we'll have to bring things to float with. They need to be light enough to carry, so wood won't work.
:+2905:00
::Megan: Bags might work; some of them can hold air if they get wet.
:::But grab whatever you can, we may already be too late.
:::And the currents are strong, so we'll need rope.
:+2906:00
::Megan: And I-
::Friend 3: HEY!
:+2907:00
::Friend 3: I found my cousin!
:+2909:00 [A giant raft beaches in front of them. At its helm is Friend 4 a.k.a Beret Girl from scene 1.]
:+2911:00
::Beret Girl: Hi!
:::I saw the water was trying to cover your neat castle,
:::So I made it into a boat!
:::Most of the sand parts fell down.
:::When it came loose I floated for a while.
:::And then the sea pushed me up here.
:+2912:00
::Beret Girl: I don't know how to stop!
::Friend 2: [Runs to get bags] Oh, um. Rope!
:+2913:00
::[Friend 2 tethers the raft to a flower. Nearly everyone jumps aboard.]
:+2914:00
::Megan: OK, everyone!
:::Forget everything I just said. New plan.
:::We're going to do something that may never have been done before:
:+2915:00
::Megan: We're going to ride a raft up a river.
:::But we have to work fast.
:+2916:00
:[Cut to black.]
</div>
{{clear}}

====Scene 4 - Part 3 (The tribe on their raft)====
<div class="mw-collapsible">
:+2917:00 [People are frantically setting up the raft.]
:+2918:00 [Friend 1 puts up a sail.]
:+2919:00 [Friend 1 finishes putting up the sail/curtain. Provisions are loaded.]
:+2920:00
::Megan: The water is coming over the banks!
:::This place is ending and it's time to go.
:+2921:00 [The rest of the people board the raft.]
:+2922:00 [They start rowing away from camp. Beret Girl, her cousin and Megan sit on top and watch the others row.]
:+2928:00 [The view switches to panoramic view. Trees float by in their wake.]
:+2929:00
::Friend 2: This is really hard.
:::If we drift into the shallows,
:::we can sort of push back into the main channel.
:::But only barely.
:+2930:00
::Megan: That's OK - you've done great. We're headed straight up the river channel!
:+2931:00
::Megan: And we seem to be speeding up.
:+2932:00 [Megan trips.]
:+2933:00
::Megan: Oof.
:+2934:00
::Megan: Is there any way to keep us pointing forward?
::Cueball: We could start calling this the front.
:+2935:00
::Megan: OK, we're coming into the hills. We need a way to-
::Friend 1: Look!
:+2936:00 [Cut to panoramic shot. The obligatory floating trees are present.]
::Friend A: <big>'''HEY!'''</big>
::Friend B: HELLOOO!
::Friend 2: It's them!
:+2937:00
::[Aboard the other raft.]
::Friend C: Careful! Don't tip!
::Friend B: You're safe!
::[Aboard the S.S. Sandcastle...which is out of screen...]
::Voice 1: What is that?
::Voice 2: Head toward them!
::Voice 1: How?
::Voice 2: Oh. Right.
:+2938:00
::[Aboard the other raft.]
::Friend A: They're going to float past us. Can we push out into the current?
::[Aboard the S.S. Sandcastle, coming into view again...]
::Cueball: Who has the rope?
::[Aboard the other raft.]
::Friend C: Trying.
:+2939:00 [The rest of the tribe drifts past the main raft in a smaller raft of their own. Cueball twirls a lasso to try and catch them...]
:+2940:00 [...which flies in the air...]
:+2941:00 [...and hooks to something at the shore. Everyone on board S.S. Sandcastle starts pulling.]
::Cueball: Careful! Slow and steady - don't break the rope!
:+2942:00 [They did move the S.S. Sandcastle backwards. Cueball throws the next lasso.]
:+2943:00 [...the rope flies...]
:+2944:00 [...the people on the other raft manage to catch the rope.]
:+2945:00 [They put their rafts close together.]
::Friend B: We saw from the hills that the route back was washed out. So we found a raft and tried to get to you by the river.
::Friend C: But then the river started going backward and we got stuck.
::Cueball: We can explain.
::From crowd: Why is everything flooding?
::From crowd: Why is the water full of trees?
::From crowd: Why do you have little tables covered in sand?
::Cueball: But first-
:+2946:00
::Cueball: What's our plan? How much time do you think we have to get across the plain?
::Megan: None.
::Cueball: OK, we have to move fast-
::Megan: -No. ''None.'' I figured out some of the maps.
:::If the sea is here, we're already cut off. There's nowhere else to run to.
:::We're going to have to ride this out.
:+2949:00 [A tent is pulled aboard (or built on the second raft from what they already had on board).]
:+2950:00 [The two rafts actually "hit" and everyone falls over.]
:+2951:00 [They continue wrapping the new tent in preparation to turn it into a sleeping area. The area under the main canopy has been turned into a sort of storage area.]
:+2952:00 [Cut to a panaromic view of the scene.]
:+2954:00 [A flock of geese flies overhead.]
:+2955:00 [Night falls. This time the Milky Way cannot be seen.]
:+2956:00 [It is day. Megan stands at the front while an insect buzzes overhead.]
:+2957:00 [Megan has climbed on top of the platform. Cueball looks at her from below.]
::Megan: hey.
:+2958:00
::Megan: Everyone still asleep?
::Cueball (while climbing onto top platform): Yeah.
:+2959:00 [They proceed to rebuild their sandcastle using whatever sand is left.]
:+2961:00 [Cueball and Megan finish building a single turret.]
::Cueball (glancing over shoulder): ...Land!
:+2962:00 [Cueball and Megan are staring at the approaching land mass while standing at the front of the boat.]
::Megan: We've been heading right toward it since sunrise.
:+2963:00 [S.S. Sandcastle runs aground. Cueball runs to the sleeping tent to wake everyone up. Megan runs after him.]
::Cueball: Land! Wake up, everybody!
::Front of boat: SCRAAAAAPE. CRUNCH. 
:+2964:00 [The tribe exit their raft.]
::Cueball: Wow.
:+2965:00
::Cueball: Where do you think we are?
::Megan: I don't know.
:+2966:00
::Megan: But I bet we can figure it out. C'mon, let's see what's through here!
:+2968:00 [The End]
:+2968:00 [No people, just the shore and some trees.]
</div>
{{clear}}
</div>
{{clear}}

==Frame by Frame Breakdown==
Below is the list of all the frames of the comic, in the order that they were revealed. The given times denote the time since the comic was initially released on midnight, March 25, 2013, Eastern Daylight Saving Time (UTC - 0400).

===March 2013===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable plainlinks table-padding"
|-
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
|-
|[[Media:time.png|00:00]]||01/00:00||[[Media:time38.png|18:30]]||01/18:30||[[Media:time75.png|37:00]]||02/13:00||[[Media:time112.png|55:30]]||03/07:30||[[Media:time149.png|74:00]]||04/02:00||[[Media:time186.png|92:30]]||04/20:30||[[Media:time223.png|111:00]]||05/15:00||[[Media:time258P.png|137:00]]||06/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time2.png|00:30]]||01/00:30||[[Media:time39.png|19:00]]||01/19:00||[[Media:time76.png|37:30]]||02/13:30||[[Media:time113.png|56:00]]||03/08:00||[[Media:time150.png|74:30]]||04/02:30||[[Media:time187.png|93:00]]||04/21:00||[[Media:time224.png|111:30]]||05/15:30||[[Media:time258.png|137:00]]||06/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time3.png|01:00]]||01/01:00||[[Media:time40.png|19:30]]||01/19:30||[[Media:time77.png|38:00]]||02/14:00||[[Media:time114.png|56:30]]||03/08:30||[[Media:time151.png|75:00]]||04/03:00||[[Media:time188.png|93:30]]||04/21:30||[[Media:time225.png|112:00]]||05/16:00||[[Media:time259.png|138:00]]||06/18:00
|-
|[[Media:time4.png|01:30]]||01/01:30||[[Media:time41.png|20:00]]||01/20:00||[[Media:time78.png|38:30]]||02/14:30||[[Media:time115.png|57:00]]||03/09:00||[[Media:time152.png|75:30]]||04/03:30||[[Media:time189.png|94:00]]||04/22:00||[[Media:time226.png|112:30]]||05/16:30||[[Media:time260.png|139:00]]||06/19:00
|-
|[[Media:time5.png|02:00]]||01/02:00||[[Media:time42.png|20:30]]||01/20:30||[[Media:time79.png|39:00]]||02/15:00||[[Media:time116.png|57:30]]||03/09:30||[[Media:time153.png|76:00]]||04/04:00||[[Media:time190.png|94:30]]||04/22:30||[[Media:time227.png|113:00]]||05/17:00||[[Media:time261.png|140:00]]||06/20:00
|-
|[[Media:time6.png|02:30]]||01/02:30||[[Media:time43.png|21:00]]||01/21:00||[[Media:time80.png|39:30]]||02/15:30||[[Media:time117.png|58:00]]||03/10:00||[[Media:time154.png|76:30]]||04/04:30||[[Media:time191.png|95:00]]||04/23:00||[[Media:time228.png|113:30]]||05/17:30||[[Media:time262.png|141:00]]||06/21:00
|-
|[[Media:time7.png|03:00]]||01/03:00||[[Media:time44.png|21:30]]||01/21:30||[[Media:time81.png|40:00]]||02/16:00||[[Media:time118.png|58:30]]||03/10:30||[[Media:time155.png|77:00]]||04/05:00||[[Media:time192.png|95:30]]||04/23:30||[[Media:time229.png|114:00]]||05/18:00||[[Media:time263.png|142:00]]||06/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time8.png|03:30]]||01/03:30||[[Media:time45.png|22:00]]||01/22:00||[[Media:time82.png|40:30]]||02/16:30||[[Media:time119.png|59:00]]||03/11:00||[[Media:time156.png|77:30]]||04/05:30||[[Media:time193.png|96:00]]||05/00:00||[[Media:time230.png|114:30]]||05/18:30||[[Media:time264.png|143:00]]||06/23:00
|-
|[[Media:time9.png|04:00]]||01/04:00||[[Media:time46.png|22:30]]||01/22:30||[[Media:time83.png|41:00]]||02/17:00||[[Media:time120.png|59:30]]||03/11:30||[[Media:time157.png|78:00]]||04/06:00||[[Media:time194.png|96:30]]||05/00:30||[[Media:time231.png|115:00]]||05/19:00||[[Media:time265.png|144:00]]||07/00:00
|-
|[[Media:time10.png|04:30]]||01/04:30||[[Media:time47.png|23:00]]||01/23:00||[[Media:time84.png|41:30]]||02/17:30||[[Media:time121.png|60:00]]||03/12:00||[[Media:time158.png|78:30]]||04/06:30||[[Media:time195.png|97:00]]||05/01:00||[[Media:time232.png|115:30]]||05/19:30||[[Media:time266.png|145:00]]||07/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time11.png|05:00]]||01/05:00||[[Media:time48.png|23:30]]||01/23:30||[[Media:time85.png|42:00]]||02/18:00||[[Media:time122.png|60:30]]||03/12:30||[[Media:time159.png|79:00]]||04/07:00||[[Media:time196.png|97:30]]||05/01:30||[[Media:time233.png|116:00]]||05/20:00||[[Media:time267.png|146:00]]||07/02:00
|-
|[[Media:time12.png|05:30]]||01/05:30||[[Media:time49.png|24:00]]||02/00:00||[[Media:time86.png|42:30]]||02/18:30||[[Media:time123.png|61:00]]||03/13:00||[[Media:time160.png|79:30]]||04/07:30||[[Media:time197.png|98:00]]||05/02:00||[[Media:time234.png|116:30]]||05/20:30||[[Media:time268.png|147:00]]||07/03:00
|-
|[[Media:time13.png|06:00]]||01/06:00||[[Media:time50.png|24:30]]||02/00:30||[[Media:time87.png|43:00]]||02/19:00||[[Media:time124.png|61:30]]||03/13:30||[[Media:time161.png|80:00]]||04/08:00||[[Media:time198.png|98:30]]||05/02:30||[[Media:time235.png|117:00]]||05/21:00||[[Media:time269.png|148:00]]||07/04:00
|-
|[[Media:time14.png|06:30]]||01/06:30||[[Media:time51.png|25:00]]||02/01:00||[[Media:time88.png|43:30]]||02/19:30||[[Media:time125.png|62:00]]||03/14:00||[[Media:time162.png|80:30]]||04/08:30||[[Media:time199.png|99:00]]||05/03:00||[[Media:time236.png|117:30]]||05/21:30||[[Media:time270.png|149:00]]||07/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time15.png|07:00]]||01/07:00||[[Media:time52.png|25:30]]||02/01:30||[[Media:time89.png|44:00]]||02/20:00||[[Media:time126.png|62:30]]||03/14:30||[[Media:time163.png|81:00]]||04/09:00||[[Media:time200.png|99:30]]||05/03:30||[[Media:time237.png|118:00]]||05/22:00||[[Media:time271.png|150:00]]||07/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time16.png|07:30]]||01/07:30||[[Media:time53.png|26:00]]||02/02:00||[[Media:time90.png|44:30]]||02/20:30||[[Media:time127.png|63:00]]||03/15:00||[[Media:time164.png|81:30]]||04/09:30||[[Media:time201.png|100:00]]||05/04:00||[[Media:time238.png|118:30]]||05/22:30||[[Media:time272.png|151:00]]||07/07:00
|-
|[[Media:time17.png|08:00]]||01/08:00||[[Media:time54.png|26:30]]||02/02:30||[[Media:time91.png|45:00]]||02/21:00||[[Media:time128.png|63:30]]||03/15:30||[[Media:time165.png|82:00]]||04/10:00||[[Media:time202.png|100:30]]||05/04:30||[[Media:time239.png|119:00]]||05/23:00||[[Media:time273.png|152:00]]||07/08:00
|-
|[[Media:time18.png|08:30]]||01/08:30||[[Media:time55.png|27:00]]||02/03:00||[[Media:time92.png|45:30]]||02/21:30||[[Media:time129.png|64:00]]||03/16:00||[[Media:time166.png|82:30]]||04/10:30||[[Media:time203.png|101:00]]||05/05:00||[[Media:time240.png|119:30]]||05/23:30||[[Media:time274.png|153:00]]||07/09:00
|-
|[[Media:time19.png|09:00]]||01/09:00||[[Media:time56.png|27:30]]||02/03:30||[[Media:time93.png|46:00]]||02/22:00||[[Media:time130.png|64:30]]||03/16:30||[[Media:time167.png|83:00]]||04/11:00||[[Media:time204.png|101:30]]||05/05:30||[[Media:time241.png|120:00]]||06/00:00||[[Media:time275.png|154:00]]||07/10:00
|-
|[[Media:time20.png|09:30]]||01/09:30||[[Media:time57.png|28:00]]||02/04:00||[[Media:time94.png|46:30]]||02/22:30||[[Media:time131.png|65:00]]||03/17:00||[[Media:time168.png|83:30]]||04/11:30||[[Media:time205.png|102:00]]||05/06:00||[[Media:time242.png|121:00]]||06/01:00||[[Media:time276.png|155:00]]||07/11:00
|-
|[[Media:time21.png|10:00]]||01/10:00||[[Media:time58.png|28:30]]||02/04:30||[[Media:time95.png|47:00]]||02/23:00||[[Media:time132.png|65:30]]||03/17:30||[[Media:time169.png|84:00]]||04/12:00||[[Media:time206.png|102:30]]||05/06:30||[[Media:time243.png|122:00]]||06/02:00||[[Media:time277.png|156:00]]||07/12:00
|-
|[[Media:time22.png|10:30]]||01/10:30||[[Media:time59.png|29:00]]||02/05:00||[[Media:time96.png|47:30]]||02/23:30||[[Media:time133.png|66:00]]||03/18:00||[[Media:time170.png|84:30]]||04/12:30||[[Media:time207.png|103:00]]||05/07:00||[[Media:time244.png|123:00]]||06/03:00||[[Media:time278.png|157:00]]||07/13:00
|-
|[[Media:time23.png|11:00]]||01/11:00||[[Media:time60.png|29:30]]||02/05:30||[[Media:time97.png|48:00]]||03/00:00||[[Media:time134.png|66:30]]||03/18:30||[[Media:time171.png|85:00]]||04/13:00||[[Media:time208.png|103:30]]||05/07:30||[[Media:time245.png|124:00]]||06/04:00||[[Media:time279.png|158:00]]||07/14:00
|-
|[[Media:time24.png|11:30]]||01/11:30||[[Media:time61.png|30:00]]||02/06:00||[[Media:time98.png|48:30]]||03/00:30||[[Media:time135.png|67:00]]||03/19:00||[[Media:time172.png|85:30]]||04/13:30||[[Media:time209.png|104:00]]||05/08:00||[[Media:time246.png|125:00]]||06/05:00||[[Media:time280.png|159:00]]||07/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time25.png|12:00]]||01/12:00||[[Media:time62.png|30:30]]||02/06:30||[[Media:time99.png|49:00]]||03/01:00||[[Media:time136.png|67:30]]||03/19:30||[[Media:time173.png|86:00]]||04/14:00||[[Media:time210.png|104:30]]||05/08:30||[[Media:time247.png|126:00]]||06/06:00||[[Media:time281.png|160:00]]||07/16:00
|-
|[[Media:time26.png|12:30]]||01/12:30||[[Media:time63.png|31:00]]||02/07:00||[[Media:time100.png|49:30]]||03/01:30||[[Media:time137.png|68:00]]||03/20:00||[[Media:time174.png|86:30]]||04/14:30||[[Media:time211.png|105:00]]||05/09:00||[[Media:time248.png|127:00]]||06/07:00||[[Media:time282.png|161:00]]||07/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time27.png|13:00]]||01/13:00||[[Media:time64.png|31:30]]||02/07:30||[[Media:time101.png|50:00]]||03/02:00||[[Media:time138.png|68:30]]||03/20:30||[[Media:time175.png|87:00]]||04/15:00||[[Media:time212.png|105:30]]||05/09:30||[[Media:time249.png|128:00]]||06/08:00||[[Media:time283.png|162:00]]||07/18:00
|-
|[[Media:time28.png|13:30]]||01/13:30||[[Media:time65.png|32:00]]||02/08:00||[[Media:time102.png|50:30]]||03/02:30||[[Media:time139.png|69:00]]||03/21:00||[[Media:time176.png|87:30]]||04/15:30||[[Media:time213.png|106:00]]||05/10:00||[[Media:time250.png|129:00]]||06/09:00||[[Media:time284.png|163:00]]||07/19:00
|-
|[[Media:time29.png|14:00]]||01/14:00||[[Media:time66.png|32:30]]||02/08:30||[[Media:time103.png|51:00]]||03/03:00||[[Media:time140.png|69:30]]||03/21:30||[[Media:time177.png|88:00]]||04/16:00||[[Media:time214.png|106:30]]||05/10:30||[[Media:time251.png|130:00]]||06/10:00||[[Media:time285.png|164:00]]||07/20:00
|-
|[[Media:time30.png|14:30]]||01/14:30||[[Media:time67.png|33:00]]||02/09:00||[[Media:time104.png|51:30]]||03/03:30||[[Media:time141.png|70:00]]||03/22:00||[[Media:time178.png|88:30]]||04/16:30||[[Media:time215.png|107:00]]||05/11:00||[[Media:time252.png|131:00]]||06/11:00||[[Media:time286.png|165:00]]||07/21:00
|-
|[[Media:time31.png|15:00]]||01/15:00||[[Media:time68.png|33:30]]||02/09:30||[[Media:time105.png|52:00]]||03/04:00||[[Media:time142.png|70:30]]||03/22:30||[[Media:time179.png|89:00]]||04/17:00||[[Media:time216.png|107:30]]||05/11:30||[[Media:time253.png|132:00]]||06/12:00||[[Media:time287.png|166:00]]||07/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time32.png|15:30]]||01/15:30||[[Media:time69.png|34:00]]||02/10:00||[[Media:time106.png|52:30]]||03/04:30||[[Media:time143.png|71:00]]||03/23:00||[[Media:time180.png|89:30]]||04/17:30||[[Media:time217.png|108:00]]||05/12:00||[[Media:time254.png|133:00]]||06/13:00||[[Media:time288.png|167:00]]||07/23:00
|-
|[[Media:time33.png|16:00]]||01/16:00||[[Media:time70.png|34:30]]||02/10:30||[[Media:time107.png|53:00]]||03/05:00||[[Media:time144.png|71:30]]||03/23:30||[[Media:time181.png|90:00]]||04/18:00||[[Media:time218.png|108:30]]||05/12:30||[[Media:time255.png|134:00]]||06/14:00
|-
|[[Media:time34.png|16:30]]||01/16:30||[[Media:time71.png|35:00]]||02/11:00||[[Media:time108.png|53:30]]||03/05:30||[[Media:time145.png|72:00]]||04/00:00||[[Media:time182.png|90:30]]||04/18:30||[[Media:time219.png|109:00]]||05/13:00||[[Media:time256P.png|135:00]]||06/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time35.png|17:00]]||01/17:00||[[Media:time72.png|35:30]]||02/11:30||[[Media:time109.png|54:00]]||03/06:00||[[Media:time146.png|72:30]]||04/00:30||[[Media:time183.png|91:00]]||04/19:00||[[Media:time220.png|109:30]]||05/13:30||[[Media:time256.png|135:00]]||06/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time36.png|17:30]]||01/17:30||[[Media:time73.png|36:00]]||02/12:00||[[Media:time110.png|54:30]]||03/06:30||[[Media:time147.png|73:00]]||04/01:00||[[Media:time184.png|91:30]]||04/19:30||[[Media:time221.png|110:00]]||05/14:00||[[Media:time257P.png|136:00]]||06/16:00
|-
|[[Media:time37.png|18:00]]||01/18:00||[[Media:time74.png|36:30]]||02/12:30||[[Media:time111.png|55:00]]||03/07:00||[[Media:time148.png|73:30]]||04/01:30||[[Media:time185.png|92:00]]||04/20:00||[[Media:time222.png|110:30]]||05/14:30||[[Media:time257.png|136:00]]||06/16:00
|}
</div>
{{clear}}

===April 2013===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable plainlinks table-padding"
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|[[Media:time289.png|168:00]]||08/00:00||[[Media:time379.png|258:00]]||11/18:00||[[Media:time469.png|348:00]]||15/12:00||[[Media:time559.png|438:00]]||19/06:00||[[Media:time649.png|528:00]]||23/00:00||[[Media:time739.png|618:00]]||26/18:00||[[Media:time829.png|708:00]]||30/12:00||[[Media:time919.png|798:00]]||34/06:00
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|[[Media:time290.png|169:00]]||08/01:00||[[Media:time380.png|259:00]]||11/19:00||[[Media:time470.png|349:00]]||15/13:00||[[Media:time560.png|439:00]]||19/07:00||[[Media:time650.png|529:00]]||23/01:00||[[Media:time740.png|619:00]]||26/19:00||[[Media:time830.png|709:00]]||30/13:00||[[Media:time920.png|799:00]]||34/07:00
|-
|[[Media:time291.png|170:00]]||08/02:00||[[Media:time381.png|260:00]]||11/20:00||[[Media:time471.png|350:00]]||15/14:00||[[Media:time561.png|440:00]]||19/08:00||[[Media:time651.png|530:00]]||23/02:00||[[Media:time741.png|620:00]]||26/20:00||[[Media:time831.png|710:00]]||30/14:00||[[Media:time921.png|800:00]]||34/08:00
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|[[Media:time292.png|171:00]]||08/03:00||[[Media:time382.png|261:00]]||11/21:00||[[Media:time472.png|351:00]]||15/15:00||[[Media:time562.png|441:00]]||19/09:00||[[Media:time652.png|531:00]]||23/03:00||[[Media:time742.png|621:00]]||26/21:00||[[Media:time832.png|711:00]]||30/15:00||[[Media:time922.png|801:00]]||34/09:00
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|[[Media:time293.png|172:00]]||08/04:00||[[Media:time383.png|262:00]]||11/22:00||[[Media:time473.png|352:00]]||15/16:00||[[Media:time563.png|442:00]]||19/10:00||[[Media:time653.png|532:00]]||23/04:00||[[Media:time743.png|622:00]]||26/22:00||[[Media:time833.png|712:00]]||30/16:00||[[Media:time923.png|802:00]]||34/10:00
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|[[Media:time294.png|173:00]]||08/05:00||[[Media:time384.png|263:00]]||11/23:00||[[Media:time474.png|353:00]]||15/17:00||[[Media:time564.png|443:00]]||19/11:00||[[Media:time654.png|533:00]]||23/05:00||[[Media:time744.png|623:00]]||26/23:00||[[Media:time834.png|713:00]]||30/17:00||[[Media:time924.png|803:00]]||34/11:00
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|[[Media:time295.png|174:00]]||08/06:00||[[Media:time385.png|264:00]]||12/00:00||[[Media:time475.png|354:00]]||15/18:00||[[Media:time565.png|444:00]]||19/12:00||[[Media:time655.png|534:00]]||23/06:00||[[Media:time745.png|624:00]]||27/00:00||[[Media:time835.png|714:00]]||30/18:00||[[Media:time925.png|804:00]]||34/12:00
|-
|[[Media:time296.png|175:00]]||08/07:00||[[Media:time386.png|265:00]]||12/01:00||[[Media:time476.png|355:00]]||15/19:00||[[Media:time566.png|445:00]]||19/13:00||[[Media:time656.png|535:00]]||23/07:00||[[Media:time746.png|625:00]]||27/01:00||[[Media:time836.png|715:00]]||30/19:00||[[Media:time926.png|805:00]]||34/13:00
|-
|[[Media:time297.png|176:00]]||08/08:00||[[Media:time387.png|266:00]]||12/02:00||[[Media:time477.png|356:00]]||15/20:00||[[Media:time567.png|446:00]]||19/14:00||[[Media:time657.png|536:00]]||23/08:00||[[Media:time747.png|626:00]]||27/02:00||[[Media:time837.png|716:00]]||30/20:00||[[Media:time927.png|806:00]]||34/14:00
|-
|[[Media:time298.png|177:00]]||08/09:00||[[Media:time388.png|267:00]]||12/03:00||[[Media:time478.png|357:00]]||15/21:00||[[Media:time568.png|447:00]]||19/15:00||[[Media:time658.png|537:00]]||23/09:00||[[Media:time748.png|627:00]]||27/03:00||[[Media:time838.png|717:00]]||30/21:00||[[Media:time928.png|807:00]]||34/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time299.png|178:00]]||08/10:00||[[Media:time389.png|268:00]]||12/04:00||[[Media:time479.png|358:00]]||15/22:00||[[Media:time569.png|448:00]]||19/16:00||[[Media:time659.png|538:00]]||23/10:00||[[Media:time749.png|628:00]]||27/04:00||[[Media:time839.png|718:00]]||30/22:00||[[Media:time929.png|808:00]]||34/16:00
|-
|[[Media:time300.png|179:00]]||08/11:00||[[Media:time390.png|269:00]]||12/05:00||[[Media:time480.png|359:00]]||15/23:00||[[Media:time570.png|449:00]]||19/17:00||[[Media:time660.png|539:00]]||23/11:00||[[Media:time750.png|629:00]]||27/05:00||[[Media:time840.png|719:00]]||30/23:00||[[Media:time930.png|809:00]]||34/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time301.png|180:00]]||08/12:00||[[Media:time391.png|270:00]]||12/06:00||[[Media:time481.png|360:00]]||16/00:00||[[Media:time571.png|450:00]]||19/18:00||[[Media:time661.png|540:00]]||23/12:00||[[Media:time751.png|630:00]]||27/06:00||[[Media:time841.png|720:00]]||31/00:00||[[Media:time931.png|810:00]]||34/18:00
|-
|[[Media:time302.png|181:00]]||08/13:00||[[Media:time392.png|271:00]]||12/07:00||[[Media:time482.png|361:00]]||16/01:00||[[Media:time572.png|451:00]]||19/19:00||[[Media:time662.png|541:00]]||23/13:00||[[Media:time752.png|631:00]]||27/07:00||[[Media:time842.png|721:00]]||31/01:00||[[Media:time932.png|811:00]]||34/19:00
|-
|[[Media:time303.png|182:00]]||08/14:00||[[Media:time393.png|272:00]]||12/08:00||[[Media:time483.png|362:00]]||16/02:00||[[Media:time573.png|452:00]]||19/20:00||[[Media:time663.png|542:00]]||23/14:00||[[Media:time753.png|632:00]]||27/08:00||[[Media:time843.png|722:00]]||31/02:00||[[Media:time933.png|812:00]]||34/20:00
|-
|[[Media:time304.png|183:00]]||08/15:00||[[Media:time394.png|273:00]]||12/09:00||[[Media:time484.png|363:00]]||16/03:00||[[Media:time574.png|453:00]]||19/21:00||[[Media:time664.png|543:00]]||23/15:00||[[Media:time754.png|633:00]]||27/09:00||[[Media:time844.png|723:00]]||31/03:00||[[Media:time934.png|813:00]]||34/21:00
|-
|[[Media:time305.png|184:00]]||08/16:00||[[Media:time395.png|274:00]]||12/10:00||[[Media:time485.png|364:00]]||16/04:00||[[Media:time575.png|454:00]]||19/22:00||[[Media:time665.png|544:00]]||23/16:00||[[Media:time755.png|634:00]]||27/10:00||[[Media:time845.png|724:00]]||31/04:00||[[Media:time935.png|814:00]]||34/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time306.png|185:00]]||08/17:00||[[Media:time396.png|275:00]]||12/11:00||[[Media:time486.png|365:00]]||16/05:00||[[Media:time576.png|455:00]]||19/23:00||[[Media:time666.png|545:00]]||23/17:00||[[Media:time756.png|635:00]]||27/11:00||[[Media:time846.png|725:00]]||31/05:00||[[Media:time936.png|815:00]]||34/23:00
|-
|[[Media:time307.png|186:00]]||08/18:00||[[Media:time397.png|276:00]]||12/12:00||[[Media:time487.png|366:00]]||16/06:00||[[Media:time577.png|456:00]]||20/00:00||[[Media:time667.png|546:00]]||23/18:00||[[Media:time757.png|636:00]]||27/12:00||[[Media:time847.png|726:00]]||31/06:00||[[Media:time937.png|816:00]]||35/00:00
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|[[Media:time308.png|187:00]]||08/19:00||[[Media:time398.png|277:00]]||12/13:00||[[Media:time488.png|367:00]]||16/07:00||[[Media:time578.png|457:00]]||20/01:00||[[Media:time668.png|547:00]]||23/19:00||[[Media:time758.png|637:00]]||27/13:00||[[Media:time848.png|727:00]]||31/07:00||[[Media:time938.png|817:00]]||35/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time309.png|188:00]]||08/20:00||[[Media:time399.png|278:00]]||12/14:00||[[Media:time489.png|368:00]]||16/08:00||[[Media:time579.png|458:00]]||20/02:00||[[Media:time669.png|548:00]]||23/20:00||[[Media:time759.png|638:00]]||27/14:00||[[Media:time849.png|728:00]]||31/08:00||[[Media:time939.png|818:00]]||35/02:00
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|[[Media:time310.png|189:00]]||08/21:00||[[Media:time400.png|279:00]]||12/15:00||[[Media:time490.png|369:00]]||16/09:00||[[Media:time580.png|459:00]]||20/03:00||[[Media:time670.png|549:00]]||23/21:00||[[Media:time760.png|639:00]]||27/15:00||[[Media:time850.png|729:00]]||31/09:00||[[Media:time940.png|819:00]]||35/03:00
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|[[Media:time311.png|190:00]]||08/22:00||[[Media:time401.png|280:00]]||12/16:00||[[Media:time491.png|370:00]]||16/10:00||[[Media:time581.png|460:00]]||20/04:00||[[Media:time671.png|550:00]]||23/22:00||[[Media:time761.png|640:00]]||27/16:00||[[Media:time851.png|730:00]]||31/10:00||[[Media:time941.png|820:00]]||35/04:00
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|[[Media:time312.png|191:00]]||08/23:00||[[Media:time402.png|281:00]]||12/17:00||[[Media:time492.png|371:00]]||16/11:00||[[Media:time582.png|461:00]]||20/05:00||[[Media:time672.png|551:00]]||23/23:00||[[Media:time762.png|641:00]]||27/17:00||[[Media:time852.png|731:00]]||31/11:00||[[Media:time942.png|821:00]]||35/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time313.png|192:00]]||09/00:00||[[Media:time403.png|282:00]]||12/18:00||[[Media:time493.png|372:00]]||16/12:00||[[Media:time583.png|462:00]]||20/06:00||[[Media:time673.png|552:00]]||24/00:00||[[Media:time763.png|642:00]]||27/18:00||[[Media:time853.png|732:00]]||31/12:00||[[Media:time943.png|822:00]]||35/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time314.png|193:00]]||09/01:00||[[Media:time404.png|283:00]]||12/19:00||[[Media:time494.png|373:00]]||16/13:00||[[Media:time584.png|463:00]]||20/07:00||[[Media:time674.png|553:00]]||24/01:00||[[Media:time764.png|643:00]]||27/19:00||[[Media:time854.png|733:00]]||31/13:00||[[Media:time944.png|823:00]]||35/07:00
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|[[Media:time315.png|194:00]]||09/02:00||[[Media:time405.png|284:00]]||12/20:00||[[Media:time495.png|374:00]]||16/14:00||[[Media:time585.png|464:00]]||20/08:00||[[Media:time675.png|554:00]]||24/02:00||[[Media:time765.png|644:00]]||27/20:00||[[Media:time855.png|734:00]]||31/14:00||[[Media:time945.png|824:00]]||35/08:00
|-
|[[Media:time316.png|195:00]]||09/03:00||[[Media:time406.png|285:00]]||12/21:00||[[Media:time496.png|375:00]]||16/15:00||[[Media:time586.png|465:00]]||20/09:00||[[Media:time676.png|555:00]]||24/03:00||[[Media:time766.png|645:00]]||27/21:00||[[Media:time856.png|735:00]]||31/15:00||[[Media:time946.png|825:00]]||35/09:00
|-
|[[Media:time317.png|196:00]]||09/04:00||[[Media:time407.png|286:00]]||12/22:00||[[Media:time497.png|376:00]]||16/16:00||[[Media:time587.png|466:00]]||20/10:00||[[Media:time677.png|556:00]]||24/04:00||[[Media:time767.png|646:00]]||27/22:00||[[Media:time857.png|736:00]]||31/16:00||[[Media:time947.png|826:00]]||35/10:00
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|[[Media:time318.png|197:00]]||09/05:00||[[Media:time408.png|287:00]]||12/23:00||[[Media:time498.png|377:00]]||16/17:00||[[Media:time588.png|467:00]]||20/11:00||[[Media:time678.png|557:00]]||24/05:00||[[Media:time768.png|647:00]]||27/23:00||[[Media:time858.png|737:00]]||31/17:00||[[Media:time948.png|827:00]]||35/11:00
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|[[Media:time319.png|198:00]]||09/06:00||[[Media:time409.png|288:00]]||13/00:00||[[Media:time499.png|378:00]]||16/18:00||[[Media:time589.png|468:00]]||20/12:00||[[Media:time679.png|558:00]]||24/06:00||[[Media:time769.png|648:00]]||28/00:00||[[Media:time859.png|738:00]]||31/18:00||[[Media:time949.png|828:00]]||35/12:00
|-
|[[Media:time320.png|199:00]]||09/07:00||[[Media:time410.png|289:00]]||13/01:00||[[Media:time500.png|379:00]]||16/19:00||[[Media:time590.png|469:00]]||20/13:00||[[Media:time680.png|559:00]]||24/07:00||[[Media:time770.png|649:00]]||28/01:00||[[Media:time860.png|739:00]]||31/19:00||[[Media:time950.png|829:00]]||35/13:00
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|[[Media:time321.png|200:00]]||09/08:00||[[Media:time411.png|290:00]]||13/02:00||[[Media:time501.png|380:00]]||16/20:00||[[Media:time591.png|470:00]]||20/14:00||[[Media:time681.png|560:00]]||24/08:00||[[Media:time771.png|650:00]]||28/02:00||[[Media:time861.png|740:00]]||31/20:00||[[Media:time951.png|830:00]]||35/14:00
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|[[Media:time322.png|201:00]]||09/09:00||[[Media:time412.png|291:00]]||13/03:00||[[Media:time502.png|381:00]]||16/21:00||[[Media:time592.png|471:00]]||20/15:00||[[Media:time682.png|561:00]]||24/10:40||[[Media:time772.png|651:00]]||28/03:00||[[Media:time862.png|741:00]]||31/21:00||[[Media:time952.png|831:00]]||35/15:00
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|[[Media:time323.png|202:00]]||09/10:00||[[Media:time413.png|292:00]]||13/04:00||[[Media:time503.png|382:00]]||16/22:00||[[Media:time593.png|472:00]]||20/16:00||[[Media:time683.png|562:00]]||24/10:50||[[Media:time773.png|652:00]]||28/04:00||[[Media:time863.png|742:00]]||31/22:00||[[Media:time953.png|832:00]]||35/16:00
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|[[Media:time324.png|203:00]]||09/11:00||[[Media:time414.png|293:00]]||13/05:00||[[Media:time504.png|383:00]]||16/23:00||[[Media:time594.png|473:00]]||20/17:00||[[Media:time684.png|563:00]]||24/11:00||[[Media:time774.png|653:00]]||28/05:00||[[Media:time864.png|743:00]]||31/23:00||[[Media:time954.png|833:00]]||35/17:00
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|[[Media:time325.png|204:00]]||09/12:00||[[Media:time415.png|294:00]]||13/06:00||[[Media:time505.png|384:00]]||17/00:00||[[Media:time595.png|474:00]]||20/18:00||[[Media:time685.png|564:00]]||24/12:00||[[Media:time775.png|654:00]]||28/06:00||[[Media:time865.png|744:00]]||32/00:00||[[Media:time955.png|834:00]]||35/18:00
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|[[Media:time326.png|205:00]]||09/13:00||[[Media:time416.png|295:00]]||13/07:00||[[Media:time506.png|385:00]]||17/01:00||[[Media:time596.png|475:00]]||20/19:00||[[Media:time686.png|565:00]]||24/13:00||[[Media:time776.png|655:00]]||28/07:00||[[Media:time866.png|745:00]]||32/01:00||[[Media:time956.png|835:00]]||35/19:00
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|[[Media:time327.png|206:00]]||09/14:00||[[Media:time417.png|296:00]]||13/08:00||[[Media:time507.png|386:00]]||17/02:00||[[Media:time597.png|476:00]]||20/20:00||[[Media:time687.png|566:00]]||24/14:00||[[Media:time777.png|656:00]]||28/08:00||[[Media:time867.png|746:00]]||32/02:00||[[Media:time957.png|836:00]]||35/20:00
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|[[Media:time377.png|256:00]]||11/16:00||[[Media:time467.png|346:00]]||15/10:00||[[Media:time557.png|436:00]]||19/04:00||[[Media:time647.png|526:00]]||22/22:00||[[Media:time737.png|616:00]]||26/16:00||[[Media:time827.png|706:00]]||30/10:00||[[Media:time917.png|796:00]]||34/04:00||[[Media:time1007.png|886:00]]||37/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time378.png|257:00]]||11/17:00||[[Media:time468.png|347:00]]||15/11:00||[[Media:time558.png|437:00]]||19/05:00||[[Media:time648.png|527:00]]||22/23:00||[[Media:time738.png|617:00]]||26/17:00||[[Media:time828.png|707:00]]||30/11:00||[[Media:time918.png|797:00]]||34/05:00||[[Media:time1008.png|887:00]]||37/23:00
|}

=====Day 36, Monday, April 29, 2013, normalized=====
The following images show the faded images from day 36 with the fade removed.
{| class="wikitable plainlinks table-padding mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"
|-
!Normalized Image
!Time
|-
|[[Media:time961norm.png|840:00]]||36/00:00
|-
|[[Media:time962norm.png|841:00]]||36/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time963norm.png|842:00]]||36/02:00
|-
|[[Media:time964norm.png|843:00]]||36/03:00
|-
|[[Media:time965norm.png|844:00]]||36/04:00
|-
|[[Media:time966norm.png|845:00]]||36/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time967norm.png|846:00]]||36/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time968norm.png|847:00]]||36/07:00
|-
|[[Media:time969norm.png|848:00]]||36/08:00
|-
|[[Media:time970norm.png|849:00]]||36/09:00
|}
</div>
{{clear}}

===May 2013===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable plainlinks table-padding"
|-
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
!Image
!Day/Time
|-
|[[Media:time1009.png|888:00]]||38/00:00||[[Media:time1102.png|981:00]]||41/21:00||[[Media:time1195.png|1074:00]]||45/18:00||[[Media:time1288.png|1167:00]]||49/15:00||[[Media:time1381.png|1260:00]]||53/12:00||[[Media:time1474.png|1353:00]]||57/09:00||[[Media:time1567.png|1446:00]]||61/06:00||[[Media:time1660.png|1539:00]]||65/03:00
|-
|[[Media:time1010.png|889:00]]||38/01:00||[[Media:time1103.png|982:00]]||41/22:00||[[Media:time1196.png|1075:00]]||45/19:00||[[Media:time1289.png|1168:00]]||49/16:00||[[Media:time1382.png|1261:00]]||53/13:00||[[Media:time1475.png|1354:00]]||57/10:00||[[Media:time1568.png|1447:00]]||61/07:00||[[Media:time1661.png|1540:00]]||65/04:00
|-
|[[Media:time1011.png|890:00]]||38/02:00||[[Media:time1104.png|983:00]]||41/23:00||[[Media:time1197.png|1076:00]]||45/20:00||[[Media:time1290.png|1169:00]]||49/17:00||[[Media:time1383.png|1262:00]]||53/14:00||[[Media:time1476.png|1355:00]]||57/11:00||[[Media:time1569.png|1448:00]]||61/08:00||[[Media:time1662.png|1541:00]]||65/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time1012.png|891:00]]||38/03:00||[[Media:time1105.png|984:00]]||42/00:00||[[Media:time1198.png|1077:00]]||45/21:00||[[Media:time1291.png|1170:00]]||49/18:00||[[Media:time1384.png|1263:00]]||53/15:00||[[Media:time1477.png|1356:00]]||57/12:00||[[Media:time1570.png|1449:00]]||61/09:00||[[Media:time1663.png|1542:00]]||65/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time1013.png|892:00]]||38/04:00||[[Media:time1106.png|985:00]]||42/01:00||[[Media:time1199.png|1078:00]]||45/22:00||[[Media:time1292.png|1171:00]]||49/19:00||[[Media:time1385.png|1264:00]]||53/16:00||[[Media:time1478.png|1357:00]]||57/13:00||[[Media:time1571.png|1450:00]]||61/10:00||[[Media:time1664.png|1543:00]]||65/07:00
|-
|[[Media:time1014.png|893:00]]||38/05:00||[[Media:time1107.png|986:00]]||42/02:00||[[Media:time1200.png|1079:00]]||45/23:00||[[Media:time1293.png|1172:00]]||49/20:00||[[Media:time1386.png|1265:00]]||53/17:00||[[Media:time1479.png|1358:00]]||57/14:00||[[Media:time1572.png|1451:00]]||61/11:00||[[Media:time1665.png|1544:00]]||65/08:00
|-
|[[Media:time1015.png|894:00]]||38/06:00||[[Media:time1108.png|987:00]]||42/03:00||[[Media:time1201.png|1080:00]]||46/00:00||[[Media:time1294.png|1173:00]]||49/21:00||[[Media:time1387.png|1266:00]]||53/18:00||[[Media:time1480.png|1359:00]]||57/15:00||[[Media:time1573.png|1452:00]]||61/12:00||[[Media:time1666.png|1545:00]]||65/09:00
|-
|[[Media:time1016.png|895:00]]||38/07:00||[[Media:time1109.png|988:00]]||42/04:00||[[Media:time1202.png|1081:00]]||46/01:00||[[Media:time1295.png|1174:00]]||49/22:00||[[Media:time1388.png|1267:00]]||53/19:00||[[Media:time1481.png|1360:00]]||57/16:00||[[Media:time1574.png|1453:00]]||61/13:00||[[Media:time1667.png|1546:00]]||65/10:00
|-
|[[Media:time1017.png|896:00]]||38/08:00||[[Media:time1110.png|989:00]]||42/05:00||[[Media:time1203.png|1082:00]]||46/02:00||[[Media:time1296.png|1175:00]]||49/23:00||[[Media:time1389.png|1268:00]]||53/20:00||[[Media:time1482.png|1361:00]]||57/17:00||[[Media:time1575.png|1454:00]]||61/14:00||[[Media:time1668.png|1547:00]]||65/11:00
|-
|[[Media:time1018.png|897:00]]||38/09:00||[[Media:time1111.png|990:00]]||42/06:00||[[Media:time1204.png|1083:00]]||46/03:00||[[Media:time1297.png|1176:00]]||50/00:00||[[Media:time1390.png|1269:00]]||53/21:00||[[Media:time1483.png|1362:00]]||57/18:00||[[Media:time1576.png|1455:00]]||61/15:00||[[Media:time1669.png|1548:00]]||65/12:00
|-
|[[Media:time1019.png|898:00]]||38/10:00||[[Media:time1112.png|991:00]]||42/07:00||[[Media:time1205.png|1084:00]]||46/04:00||[[Media:time1298.png|1177:00]]||50/01:00||[[Media:time1391.png|1270:00]]||53/22:00||[[Media:time1484.png|1363:00]]||57/19:00||[[Media:time1577.png|1456:00]]||61/16:00||[[Media:time1670.png|1549:00]]||65/13:00
|-
|[[Media:time1020.png|899:00]]||38/11:00||[[Media:time1113.png|992:00]]||42/08:00||[[Media:time1206.png|1085:00]]||46/05:00||[[Media:time1299.png|1178:00]]||50/02:00||[[Media:time1392.png|1271:00]]||53/23:00||[[Media:time1485.png|1364:00]]||57/20:00||[[Media:time1578.png|1457:00]]||61/17:00||[[Media:time1671.png|1550:00]]||65/14:00
|-
|[[Media:time1021.png|900:00]]||38/12:00||[[Media:time1114.png|993:00]]||42/09:00||[[Media:time1207.png|1086:00]]||46/06:00||[[Media:time1300.png|1179:00]]||50/03:00||[[Media:time1393.png|1272:00]]||54/00:00||[[Media:time1486.png|1365:00]]||57/21:00||[[Media:time1579.png|1458:00]]||61/18:00||[[Media:time1672.png|1551:00]]||65/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time1022.png|901:00]]||38/13:00||[[Media:time1115.png|994:00]]||42/10:00||[[Media:time1208.png|1087:00]]||46/07:00||[[Media:time1301.png|1180:00]]||50/04:00||[[Media:time1394.png|1273:00]]||54/01:00||[[Media:time1487.png|1366:00]]||57/22:00||[[Media:time1580.png|1459:00]]||61/19:00||[[Media:time1673.png|1552:00]]||65/16:00
|-
|[[Media:time1023.png|902:00]]||38/14:00||[[Media:time1116.png|995:00]]||42/11:00||[[Media:time1209.png|1088:00]]||46/08:00||[[Media:time1302.png|1181:00]]||50/05:00||[[Media:time1395.png|1274:00]]||54/02:00||[[Media:time1488.png|1367:00]]||57/23:00||[[Media:time1581.png|1460:00]]||61/20:00||[[Media:time1674.png|1553:00]]||65/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time1024.png|903:00]]||38/15:00||[[Media:time1117.png|996:00]]||42/12:00||[[Media:time1210.png|1089:00]]||46/09:00||[[Media:time1303.png|1182:00]]||50/06:00||[[Media:time1396.png|1275:00]]||54/03:00||[[Media:time1489.png|1368:00]]||58/00:00||[[Media:time1582.png|1461:00]]||61/21:00||[[Media:time1675.png|1554:00]]||65/18:00
|-
|[[Media:time1025.png|904:00]]||38/16:00||[[Media:time1118.png|997:00]]||42/13:00||[[Media:time1211.png|1090:00]]||46/10:00||[[Media:time1304.png|1183:00]]||50/07:00||[[Media:time1397.png|1276:00]]||54/04:00||[[Media:time1490.png|1369:00]]||58/01:00||[[Media:time1583.png|1462:00]]||61/22:00||[[Media:time1676.png|1555:00]]||65/19:00
|-
|[[Media:time1026.png|905:00]]||38/17:00||[[Media:time1119.png|998:00]]||42/14:00||[[Media:time1212.png|1091:00]]||46/11:00||[[Media:time1305.png|1184:00]]||50/08:00||[[Media:time1398.png|1277:00]]||54/05:00||[[Media:time1491.png|1370:00]]||58/02:00||[[Media:time1584.png|1463:00]]||61/23:00||[[Media:time1677.png|1556:00]]||65/20:00
|-
|[[Media:time1027.png|906:00]]||38/18:00||[[Media:time1120.png|999:00]]||42/15:00||[[Media:time1213.png|1092:00]]||46/12:00||[[Media:time1306.png|1185:00]]||50/09:00||[[Media:time1399.png|1278:00]]||54/06:00||[[Media:time1492.png|1371:00]]||58/03:00||[[Media:time1585.png|1464:00]]||62/00:00||[[Media:time1678.png|1557:00]]||65/21:00
|-
|[[Media:time1028.png|907:00]]||38/19:00||[[Media:time1121.png|1000:00]]||42/16:00||[[Media:time1214.png|1093:00]]||46/13:00||[[Media:time1307.png|1186:00]]||50/10:00||[[Media:time1400.png|1279:00]]||54/07:00||[[Media:time1493.png|1372:00]]||58/04:00||[[Media:time1586.png|1465:00]]||62/01:00||[[Media:time1679.png|1558:00]]||65/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time1029.png|908:00]]||38/20:00||[[Media:time1122.png|1001:00]]||42/17:00||[[Media:time1215.png|1094:00]]||46/14:00||[[Media:time1308.png|1187:00]]||50/11:00||[[Media:time1401.png|1280:00]]||54/08:00||[[Media:time1494.png|1373:00]]||58/05:00||[[Media:time1587.png|1466:00]]||62/02:00||[[Media:time1680.png|1559:00]]||65/23:00
|-
|[[Media:time1030.png|909:00]]||38/21:00||[[Media:time1123.png|1002:00]]||42/18:00||[[Media:time1216.png|1095:00]]||46/15:00||[[Media:time1309.png|1188:00]]||50/12:00||[[Media:time1402.png|1281:00]]||54/09:00||[[Media:time1495.png|1374:00]]||58/06:00||[[Media:time1588.png|1467:00]]||62/03:00||[[Media:time1681.png|1560:00]]||66/00:00
|-
|[[Media:time1031.png|910:00]]||38/22:00||[[Media:time1124.png|1003:00]]||42/19:00||[[Media:time1217.png|1096:00]]||46/16:00||[[Media:time1310.png|1189:00]]||50/13:00||[[Media:time1403.png|1282:00]]||54/10:00||[[Media:time1496.png|1375:00]]||58/07:00||[[Media:time1589.png|1468:00]]||62/04:00||[[Media:time1682.png|1561:00]]||66/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time1032.png|911:00]]||38/23:00||[[Media:time1125.png|1004:00]]||42/20:00||[[Media:time1218.png|1097:00]]||46/17:00||[[Media:time1311.png|1190:00]]||50/14:00||[[Media:time1404.png|1283:00]]||54/11:00||[[Media:time1497.png|1376:00]]||58/08:00||[[Media:time1590.png|1469:00]]||62/05:00||[[Media:time1683.png|1562:00]]||66/02:00
|-
|[[Media:time1033.png|912:00]]||39/00:00||[[Media:time1126.png|1005:00]]||42/21:00||[[Media:time1219.png|1098:00]]||46/18:00||[[Media:time1312.png|1191:00]]||50/15:00||[[Media:time1405.png|1284:00]]||54/12:00||[[Media:time1498.png|1377:00]]||58/09:00||[[Media:time1591.png|1470:00]]||62/06:00||[[Media:time1684.png|1563:00]]||66/03:00
|-
|[[Media:time1034.png|913:00]]||39/01:00||[[Media:time1127.png|1006:00]]||42/22:00||[[Media:time1220.png|1099:00]]||46/19:00||[[Media:time1313.png|1192:00]]||50/16:00||[[Media:time1406.png|1285:00]]||54/13:00||[[Media:time1499.png|1378:00]]||58/10:00||[[Media:time1592.png|1471:00]]||62/07:00||[[Media:time1685.png|1564:00]]||66/04:00
|-
|[[Media:time1035.png|914:00]]||39/02:00||[[Media:time1128.png|1007:00]]||42/23:00||[[Media:time1221.png|1100:00]]||46/20:00||[[Media:time1314.png|1193:00]]||50/17:00||[[Media:time1407.png|1286:00]]||54/14:00||[[Media:time1500.png|1379:00]]||58/11:00||[[Media:time1593.png|1472:00]]||62/08:00||[[Media:time1686.png|1565:00]]||66/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time1036.png|915:00]]||39/03:00||[[Media:time1129.png|1008:00]]||43/00:00||[[Media:time1222.png|1101:00]]||46/21:00||[[Media:time1315.png|1194:00]]||50/18:00||[[Media:time1408.png|1287:00]]||54/15:00||[[Media:time1501.png|1380:00]]||58/12:00||[[Media:time1594.png|1473:00]]||62/09:00||[[Media:time1687.png|1566:00]]||66/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time1037.png|916:00]]||39/04:00||[[Media:time1130.png|1009:00]]||43/01:00||[[Media:time1223.png|1102:00]]||46/22:00||[[Media:time1316.png|1195:00]]||50/19:00||[[Media:time1409.png|1288:00]]||54/16:00||[[Media:time1502.png|1381:00]]||58/13:00||[[Media:time1595.png|1474:00]]||62/10:00||[[Media:time1688.png|1567:00]]||66/07:00
|-
|[[Media:time1038.png|917:00]]||39/05:00||[[Media:time1131.png|1010:00]]||43/02:00||[[Media:time1224.png|1103:00]]||46/23:00||[[Media:time1317.png|1196:00]]||50/20:00||[[Media:time1410.png|1289:00]]||54/17:00||[[Media:time1503.png|1382:00]]||58/14:00||[[Media:time1596.png|1475:00]]||62/11:00||[[Media:time1689.png|1568:00]]||66/08:00
|-
|[[Media:time1039.png|918:00]]||39/06:00||[[Media:time1132.png|1011:00]]||43/03:00||[[Media:time1225.png|1104:00]]||47/00:00||[[Media:time1318.png|1197:00]]||50/21:00||[[Media:time1411.png|1290:00]]||54/18:00||[[Media:time1504.png|1383:00]]||58/15:00||[[Media:time1597.png|1476:00]]||62/12:00||[[Media:time1690.png|1569:00]]||66/09:00
|-
|[[Media:time1040.png|919:00]]||39/07:00||[[Media:time1133.png|1012:00]]||43/04:00||[[Media:time1226.png|1105:00]]||47/01:00||[[Media:time1319.png|1198:00]]||50/22:00||[[Media:time1412.png|1291:00]]||54/19:00||[[Media:time1505.png|1384:00]]||58/16:00||[[Media:time1598.png|1477:00]]||62/13:00||[[Media:time1691.png|1570:00]]||66/10:00
|-
|[[Media:time1041.png|920:00]]||39/08:00||[[Media:time1134.png|1013:00]]||43/05:00||[[Media:time1227.png|1106:00]]||47/02:00||[[Media:time1320.png|1199:00]]||50/23:00||[[Media:time1413.png|1292:00]]||54/20:00||[[Media:time1506.png|1385:00]]||58/17:00||[[Media:time1599.png|1478:00]]||62/14:00||[[Media:time1692.png|1571:00]]||66/11:00
|-
|[[Media:time1042.png|921:00]]||39/09:00||[[Media:time1135.png|1014:00]]||43/06:00||[[Media:time1228.png|1107:00]]||47/03:00||[[Media:time1321.png|1200:00]]||51/00:00||[[Media:time1414.png|1293:00]]||54/21:00||[[Media:time1507.png|1386:00]]||58/18:00||[[Media:time1600.png|1479:00]]||62/15:00||[[Media:time1693.png|1572:00]]||66/12:00
|-
|[[Media:time1043.png|922:00]]||39/10:00||[[Media:time1136.png|1015:00]]||43/07:00||[[Media:time1229.png|1108:00]]||47/04:00||[[Media:time1322.png|1201:00]]||51/01:00||[[Media:time1415.png|1294:00]]||54/22:00||[[Media:time1508.png|1387:00]]||58/19:00||[[Media:time1601.png|1480:00]]||62/16:00||[[Media:time1694.png|1573:00]]||66/13:00
|-
|[[Media:time1044.png|923:00]]||39/11:00||[[Media:time1137.png|1016:00]]||43/08:00||[[Media:time1230.png|1109:00]]||47/05:00||[[Media:time1323.png|1202:00]]||51/02:00||[[Media:time1416.png|1295:00]]||54/23:00||[[Media:time1509.png|1388:00]]||58/20:00||[[Media:time1602.png|1481:00]]||62/17:00||[[Media:time1695.png|1574:00]]||66/14:00
|-
|[[Media:time1045.png|924:00]]||39/12:00||[[Media:time1138.png|1017:00]]||43/09:00||[[Media:time1231.png|1110:00]]||47/06:00||[[Media:time1324.png|1203:00]]||51/03:00||[[Media:time1417.png|1296:00]]||55/00:00||[[Media:time1510.png|1389:00]]||58/21:00||[[Media:time1603.png|1482:00]]||62/18:00||[[Media:time1696.png|1575:00]]||66/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time1046.png|925:00]]||39/13:00||[[Media:time1139.png|1018:00]]||43/10:00||[[Media:time1232.png|1111:00]]||47/07:00||[[Media:time1325.png|1204:00]]||51/04:00||[[Media:time1418.png|1297:00]]||55/01:00||[[Media:time1511.png|1390:00]]||58/22:00||[[Media:time1604.png|1483:00]]||62/19:00||[[Media:time1697.png|1576:00]]||66/16:00
|-
|[[Media:time1047.png|926:00]]||39/14:00||[[Media:time1140.png|1019:00]]||43/11:00||[[Media:time1233.png|1112:00]]||47/08:00||[[Media:time1326.png|1205:00]]||51/05:00||[[Media:time1419.png|1298:00]]||55/02:00||[[Media:time1512.png|1391:00]]||58/23:00||[[Media:time1605.png|1484:00]]||62/20:00||[[Media:time1698.png|1577:00]]||66/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time1048.png|927:00]]||39/15:00||[[Media:time1141.png|1020:00]]||43/12:00||[[Media:time1234.png|1113:00]]||47/09:00||[[Media:time1327.png|1206:00]]||51/06:00||[[Media:time1420.png|1299:00]]||55/03:00||[[Media:time1513.png|1392:00]]||59/00:00||[[Media:time1606.png|1485:00]]||62/21:00||[[Media:time1699.png|1578:00]]||66/18:00
|-
|[[Media:time1049.png|928:00]]||39/16:00||[[Media:time1142.png|1021:00]]||43/13:00||[[Media:time1235.png|1114:00]]||47/10:00||[[Media:time1328.png|1207:00]]||51/07:00||[[Media:time1421.png|1300:00]]||55/04:00||[[Media:time1514.png|1393:00]]||59/01:00||[[Media:time1607.png|1486:00]]||62/22:00||[[Media:time1700.png|1579:00]]||66/19:00
|-
|[[Media:time1050.png|929:00]]||39/17:00||[[Media:time1143.png|1022:00]]||43/14:00||[[Media:time1236.png|1115:00]]||47/11:00||[[Media:time1329.png|1208:00]]||51/08:00||[[Media:time1422.png|1301:00]]||55/05:00||[[Media:time1515.png|1394:00]]||59/02:00||[[Media:time1608.png|1487:00]]||62/23:00||[[Media:time1701.png|1580:00]]||66/20:00
|-
|[[Media:time1051.png|930:00]]||39/18:00||[[Media:time1144.png|1023:00]]||43/15:00||[[Media:time1237.png|1116:00]]||47/12:00||[[Media:time1330.png|1209:00]]||51/09:00||[[Media:time1423.png|1302:00]]||55/06:00||[[Media:time1516.png|1395:00]]||59/03:00||[[Media:time1609.png|1488:00]]||63/00:00||[[Media:time1702.png|1581:00]]||66/21:00
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|[[Media:time1097.png|976:00]]||41/16:00||[[Media:time1190.png|1069:00]]||45/13:00||[[Media:time1283.png|1162:00]]||49/10:00||[[Media:time1376.png|1255:00]]||53/07:00||[[Media:time1469.png|1348:00]]||57/04:00||[[Media:time1562.png|1441:00]]||61/01:00||[[Media:time1655.png|1534:00]]||64/22:00||[[Media:time1748.png|1627:00]]||68/19:00
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|[[Media:time1098.png|977:00]]||41/17:00||[[Media:time1191.png|1070:00]]||45/14:00||[[Media:time1284.png|1163:00]]||49/11:00||[[Media:time1377.png|1256:00]]||53/08:00||[[Media:time1470.png|1349:00]]||57/05:00||[[Media:time1563.png|1442:00]]||61/02:00||[[Media:time1656.png|1535:00]]||64/23:00||[[Media:time1749.png|1628:00]]||68/20:00
|-
|[[Media:time1099.png|978:00]]||41/18:00||[[Media:time1192.png|1071:00]]||45/15:00||[[Media:time1285.png|1164:00]]||49/12:00||[[Media:time1378.png|1257:00]]||53/09:00||[[Media:time1471.png|1350:00]]||57/06:00||[[Media:time1564.png|1443:00]]||61/03:00||[[Media:time1657.png|1536:00]]||65/00:00||[[Media:time1750.png|1629:00]]||68/21:00
|-
|[[Media:time1100.png|979:00]]||41/19:00||[[Media:time1193.png|1072:00]]||45/16:00||[[Media:time1286.png|1165:00]]||49/13:00||[[Media:time1379.png|1258:00]]||53/10:00||[[Media:time1472.png|1351:00]]||57/07:00||[[Media:time1565.png|1444:00]]||61/04:00||[[Media:time1658.png|1537:00]]||65/01:00||[[Media:time1751.png|1630:00]]||68/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time1101.png|980:00]]||41/20:00||[[Media:time1194.png|1073:00]]||45/17:00||[[Media:time1287.png|1166:00]]||49/14:00||[[Media:time1380.png|1259:00]]||53/11:00||[[Media:time1473.png|1352:00]]||57/08:00||[[Media:time1566.png|1445:00]]||61/05:00||[[Media:time1659.png|1538:00]]||65/02:00||[[Media:time1752.png|1631:00]]||68/23:00
|}
</div>
{{clear}}

===June 2013===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable plainlinks table-padding"
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|[[Media:time1753.png|1632:00]]||69/00:00||[[Media:time1844.png|1723:00]]||72/19:00||[[Media:time1935.png|1814:00]]||76/14:00||[[Media:time2026.png|1905:00]]||80/09:00||[[Media:time2117.png|1996:00]]||84/04:00||[[Media:time2208.png|2087:00]]||87/23:00||[[Media:time2299.png|2178:00]]||91/18:00||[[Media:time2390.png|2269:00]]||95/13:00
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|[[Media:time1754.png|1633:00]]||69/01:00||[[Media:time1845.png|1724:00]]||72/20:00||[[Media:time1936.png|1815:00]]||76/15:00||[[Media:time2027.png|1906:00]]||80/10:00||[[Media:time2118.png|1997:00]]||84/05:00||[[Media:time2209.png|2088:00]]||88/00:00||[[Media:time2300.png|2179:00]]||91/19:00||[[Media:time2391.png|2270:00]]||95/14:00
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|[[Media:time1755.png|1634:00]]||69/02:00||[[Media:time1846.png|1725:00]]||72/21:00||[[Media:time1937.png|1816:00]]||76/16:00||[[Media:time2028.png|1907:00]]||80/11:00||[[Media:time2119.png|1998:00]]||84/06:00||[[Media:time2210.png|2089:00]]||88/01:00||[[Media:time2301.png|2180:00]]||91/20:00||[[Media:time2392.png|2271:00]]||95/15:00
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|[[Media:time1756.png|1635:00]]||69/03:00||[[Media:time1847.png|1726:00]]||72/22:00||[[Media:time1938.png|1817:00]]||76/17:00||[[Media:time2029.png|1908:00]]||80/12:00||[[Media:time2120.png|1999:00]]||84/07:00||[[Media:time2211.png|2090:00]]||88/02:00||[[Media:time2302.png|2181:00]]||91/21:00||[[Media:time2393.png|2272:00]]||95/16:00
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|[[Media:time1757.png|1636:00]]||69/04:00||[[Media:time1848.png|1727:00]]||72/23:00||[[Media:time1939.png|1818:00]]||76/18:00||[[Media:time2030.png|1909:00]]||80/13:00||[[Media:time2121.png|2000:00]]||84/08:00||[[Media:time2212.png|2091:00]]||88/03:00||[[Media:time2303.png|2182:00]]||91/22:00||[[Media:time2394.png|2273:00]]||95/17:00
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|[[Media:time1758.png|1637:00]]||69/05:00||[[Media:time1849.png|1728:00]]||73/00:00||[[Media:time1940.png|1819:00]]||76/19:00||[[Media:time2031.png|1910:00]]||80/14:00||[[Media:time2122.png|2001:00]]||84/09:00||[[Media:time2213.png|2092:00]]||88/04:00||[[Media:time2304.png|2183:00]]||91/23:00||[[Media:time2395.png|2274:00]]||95/18:00
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|[[Media:time1759.png|1638:00]]||69/06:00||[[Media:time1850.png|1729:00]]||73/01:00||[[Media:time1941.png|1820:00]]||76/20:00||[[Media:time2032.png|1911:00]]||80/15:00||[[Media:time2123.png|2002:00]]||84/10:00||[[Media:time2214.png|2093:00]]||88/05:00||[[Media:time2305.png|2184:00]]||92/00:00||[[Media:time2396.png|2275:00]]||95/19:00
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|[[Media:time1760.png|1639:00]]||69/07:00||[[Media:time1851.png|1730:00]]||73/02:00||[[Media:time1942.png|1821:00]]||76/21:00||[[Media:time2033.png|1912:00]]||80/16:00||[[Media:time2124.png|2003:00]]||84/11:00||[[Media:time2215.png|2094:00]]||88/06:00||[[Media:time2306.png|2185:00]]||92/01:00||[[Media:time2397.png|2276:00]]||95/20:00
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|[[Media:time1761.png|1640:00]]||69/08:00||[[Media:time1852.png|1731:00]]||73/03:00||[[Media:time1943.png|1822:00]]||76/22:00||[[Media:time2034.png|1913:00]]||80/17:00||[[Media:time2125.png|2004:00]]||84/12:00||[[Media:time2216.png|2095:00]]||88/07:00||[[Media:time2307.png|2186:00]]||92/02:00||[[Media:time2398.png|2277:00]]||95/21:00
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|[[Media:time1762.png|1641:00]]||69/09:00||[[Media:time1853.png|1732:00]]||73/04:00||[[Media:time1944.png|1823:00]]||76/23:00||[[Media:time2035.png|1914:00]]||80/18:00||[[Media:time2126.png|2005:00]]||84/13:00||[[Media:time2217.png|2096:00]]||88/08:00||[[Media:time2308.png|2187:00]]||92/03:00||[[Media:time2399.png|2278:00]]||95/22:00
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|[[Media:time1763.png|1642:00]]||69/10:00||[[Media:time1854.png|1733:00]]||73/05:00||[[Media:time1945.png|1824:00]]||77/00:00||[[Media:time2036.png|1915:00]]||80/19:00||[[Media:time2127.png|2006:00]]||84/14:00||[[Media:time2218.png|2097:00]]||88/09:00||[[Media:time2309.png|2188:00]]||92/04:00||[[Media:time2400.png|2279:00]]||95/23:00
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|[[Media:time1764.png|1643:00]]||69/11:00||[[Media:time1855.png|1734:00]]||73/06:00||[[Media:time1946.png|1825:00]]||77/01:00||[[Media:time2037.png|1916:00]]||80/20:00||[[Media:time2128.png|2007:00]]||84/15:00||[[Media:time2219.png|2098:00]]||88/10:00||[[Media:time2310.png|2189:00]]||92/05:00||[[Media:time2401.png|2280:00]]||96/00:00
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|[[Media:time1765.png|1644:00]]||69/12:00||[[Media:time1856.png|1735:00]]||73/07:00||[[Media:time1947.png|1826:00]]||77/02:00||[[Media:time2038.png|1917:00]]||80/21:00||[[Media:time2129.png|2008:00]]||84/16:00||[[Media:time2220.png|2099:00]]||88/11:00||[[Media:time2311.png|2190:00]]||92/06:00||[[Media:time2402.png|2281:00]]||96/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time1766.png|1645:00]]||69/13:00||[[Media:time1857.png|1736:00]]||73/08:00||[[Media:time1948.png|1827:00]]||77/03:00||[[Media:time2039.png|1918:00]]||80/22:00||[[Media:time2130.png|2009:00]]||84/17:00||[[Media:time2221.png|2100:00]]||88/12:00||[[Media:time2312.png|2191:00]]||92/07:00||[[Media:time2403.png|2282:00]]||96/02:00
|-
|[[Media:time1767.png|1646:00]]||69/14:00||[[Media:time1858.png|1737:00]]||73/09:00||[[Media:time1949.png|1828:00]]||77/04:00||[[Media:time2040.png|1919:00]]||80/23:00||[[Media:time2131.png|2010:00]]||84/18:00||[[Media:time2222.png|2101:00]]||88/13:00||[[Media:time2313.png|2192:00]]||92/08:00||[[Media:time2404.png|2283:00]]||96/03:00
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|[[Media:time1768.png|1647:00]]||69/15:00||[[Media:time1859.png|1738:00]]||73/10:00||[[Media:time1950.png|1829:00]]||77/05:00||[[Media:time2041.png|1920:00]]||81/00:00||[[Media:time2132.png|2011:00]]||84/19:00||[[Media:time2223.png|2102:00]]||88/14:00||[[Media:time2314.png|2193:00]]||92/09:00||[[Media:time2405.png|2284:00]]||96/04:00
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|[[Media:time1769.png|1648:00]]||69/16:00||[[Media:time1860.png|1739:00]]||73/11:00||[[Media:time1951.png|1830:00]]||77/06:00||[[Media:time2042.png|1921:00]]||81/01:00||[[Media:time2133.png|2012:00]]||84/20:00||[[Media:time2224.png|2103:00]]||88/15:00||[[Media:time2315.png|2194:00]]||92/10:00||[[Media:time2406.png|2285:00]]||96/05:00
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|[[Media:time1770.png|1649:00]]||69/17:00||[[Media:time1861.png|1740:00]]||73/12:00||[[Media:time1952.png|1831:00]]||77/07:00||[[Media:time2043.png|1922:00]]||81/02:00||[[Media:time2134.png|2013:00]]||84/21:00||[[Media:time2225.png|2104:00]]||88/16:00||[[Media:time2316.png|2195:00]]||92/11:00||[[Media:time2407.png|2286:00]]||96/06:00
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|[[Media:time1771.png|1650:00]]||69/18:00||[[Media:time1862.png|1741:00]]||73/13:00||[[Media:time1953.png|1832:00]]||77/08:00||[[Media:time2044.png|1923:00]]||81/03:00||[[Media:time2135.png|2014:00]]||84/22:00||[[Media:time2226.png|2105:00]]||88/17:00||[[Media:time2317.png|2196:00]]||92/12:00||[[Media:time2408.png|2287:00]]||96/07:00
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|[[Media:time1772.png|1651:00]]||69/19:00||[[Media:time1863.png|1742:00]]||73/14:00||[[Media:time1954.png|1833:00]]||77/09:00||[[Media:time2045.png|1924:00]]||81/04:00||[[Media:time2136.png|2015:00]]||84/23:00||[[Media:time2227.png|2106:00]]||88/18:00||[[Media:time2318.png|2197:00]]||92/13:00||[[Media:time2409.png|2288:00]]||96/08:00
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|[[Media:time1773.png|1652:00]]||69/20:00||[[Media:time1864.png|1743:00]]||73/15:00||[[Media:time1955.png|1834:00]]||77/10:00||[[Media:time2046.png|1925:00]]||81/05:00||[[Media:time2137.png|2016:00]]||85/00:00||[[Media:time2228.png|2107:00]]||88/19:00||[[Media:time2319.png|2198:00]]||92/14:00||[[Media:time2410.png|2289:00]]||96/09:00
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|[[Media:time1774.png|1653:00]]||69/21:00||[[Media:time1865.png|1744:00]]||73/16:00||[[Media:time1956.png|1835:00]]||77/11:00||[[Media:time2047.png|1926:00]]||81/06:00||[[Media:time2138.png|2017:00]]||85/01:00||[[Media:time2229.png|2108:00]]||88/20:00||[[Media:time2320.png|2199:00]]||92/15:00||[[Media:time2411.png|2290:00]]||96/10:00
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|[[Media:time1775.png|1654:00]]||69/22:00||[[Media:time1866.png|1745:00]]||73/17:00||[[Media:time1957.png|1836:00]]||77/12:00||[[Media:time2048.png|1927:00]]||81/07:00||[[Media:time2139.png|2018:00]]||85/02:00||[[Media:time2230.png|2109:00]]||88/21:00||[[Media:time2321.png|2200:00]]||92/16:00||[[Media:time2412.png|2291:00]]||96/11:00
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|[[Media:time1776.png|1655:00]]||69/23:00||[[Media:time1867.png|1746:00]]||73/18:00||[[Media:time1958.png|1837:00]]||77/13:00||[[Media:time2049.png|1928:00]]||81/08:00||[[Media:time2140.png|2019:00]]||85/03:00||[[Media:time2231.png|2110:00]]||88/22:00||[[Media:time2322.png|2201:00]]||92/17:00||[[Media:time2413.png|2292:00]]||96/12:00
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|[[Media:time1777.png|1656:00]]||70/00:00||[[Media:time1868.png|1747:00]]||73/19:00||[[Media:time1959.png|1838:00]]||77/14:00||[[Media:time2050.png|1929:00]]||81/09:00||[[Media:time2141.png|2020:00]]||85/04:00||[[Media:time2232.png|2111:00]]||88/23:00||[[Media:time2323.png|2202:00]]||92/18:00||[[Media:time2414.png|2293:00]]||96/13:00
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|[[Media:time1778.png|1657:00]]||70/01:00||[[Media:time1869.png|1748:00]]||73/20:00||[[Media:time1960.png|1839:00]]||77/15:00||[[Media:time2051.png|1930:00]]||81/10:00||[[Media:time2142.png|2021:00]]||85/05:00||[[Media:time2233.png|2112:00]]||89/00:00||[[Media:time2324.png|2203:00]]||92/19:00||[[Media:time2415.png|2294:00]]||96/14:00
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|[[Media:time1779.png|1658:00]]||70/02:00||[[Media:time1870.png|1749:00]]||73/21:00||[[Media:time1961.png|1840:00]]||77/16:00||[[Media:time2052.png|1931:00]]||81/11:00||[[Media:time2143.png|2022:00]]||85/06:00||[[Media:time2234.png|2113:00]]||89/01:00||[[Media:time2325.png|2204:00]]||92/20:00||[[Media:time2416.png|2295:00]]||96/15:00
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|[[Media:time1780.png|1659:00]]||70/03:00||[[Media:time1871.png|1750:00]]||73/22:00||[[Media:time1962.png|1841:00]]||77/17:00||[[Media:time2053.png|1932:00]]||81/12:00||[[Media:time2144.png|2023:00]]||85/07:00||[[Media:time2235.png|2114:00]]||89/02:00||[[Media:time2326.png|2205:00]]||92/21:00||[[Media:time2417.png|2296:00]]||96/16:00
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|[[Media:time1781.png|1660:00]]||70/04:00||[[Media:time1872.png|1751:00]]||73/23:00||[[Media:time1963.png|1842:00]]||77/18:00||[[Media:time2054.png|1933:00]]||81/13:00||[[Media:time2145.png|2024:00]]||85/08:00||[[Media:time2236.png|2115:00]]||89/03:00||[[Media:time2327.png|2206:00]]||92/22:00||[[Media:time2418.png|2297:00]]||96/17:00
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|[[Media:time1782.png|1661:00]]||70/05:00||[[Media:time1873.png|1752:00]]||74/00:00||[[Media:time1964.png|1843:00]]||77/19:00||[[Media:time2055.png|1934:00]]||81/14:00||[[Media:time2146.png|2025:00]]||85/09:00||[[Media:time2237.png|2116:00]]||89/04:00||[[Media:time2328.png|2207:00]]||92/23:00||[[Media:time2419.png|2298:00]]||96/18:00
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|[[Media:time1783.png|1662:00]]||70/06:00||[[Media:time1874.png|1753:00]]||74/01:00||[[Media:time1965.png|1844:00]]||77/20:00||[[Media:time2056.png|1935:00]]||81/15:00||[[Media:time2147.png|2026:00]]||85/10:00||[[Media:time2238.png|2117:00]]||89/05:00||[[Media:time2329.png|2208:00]]||93/00:00||[[Media:time2420.png|2299:00]]||96/19:00
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|[[Media:time1784.png|1663:00]]||70/07:00||[[Media:time1875.png|1754:00]]||74/02:00||[[Media:time1966.png|1845:00]]||77/21:00||[[Media:time2057.png|1936:00]]||81/16:00||[[Media:time2148.png|2027:00]]||85/11:00||[[Media:time2239.png|2118:00]]||89/06:00||[[Media:time2330.png|2209:00]]||93/01:00||[[Media:time2421.png|2300:00]]||96/20:00
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|[[Media:time1785.png|1664:00]]||70/08:00||[[Media:time1876.png|1755:00]]||74/03:00||[[Media:time1967.png|1846:00]]||77/22:00||[[Media:time2058.png|1937:00]]||81/17:00||[[Media:time2149.png|2028:00]]||85/12:00||[[Media:time2240.png|2119:00]]||89/07:00||[[Media:time2331.png|2210:00]]||93/02:00||[[Media:time2422.png|2301:00]]||96/21:00
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|[[Media:time1786.png|1665:00]]||70/09:00||[[Media:time1877.png|1756:00]]||74/04:00||[[Media:time1968.png|1847:00]]||77/23:00||[[Media:time2059.png|1938:00]]||81/18:00||[[Media:time2150.png|2029:00]]||85/13:00||[[Media:time2241.png|2120:00]]||89/08:00||[[Media:time2332.png|2211:00]]||93/03:00||[[Media:time2423.png|2302:00]]||96/22:00
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|[[Media:time1787.png|1666:00]]||70/10:00||[[Media:time1878.png|1757:00]]||74/05:00||[[Media:time1969.png|1848:00]]||78/00:00||[[Media:time2060.png|1939:00]]||81/19:00||[[Media:time2151.png|2030:00]]||85/14:00||[[Media:time2242.png|2121:00]]||89/09:00||[[Media:time2333.png|2212:00]]||93/04:00||[[Media:time2424.png|2303:00]]||96/23:00
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|[[Media:time1788.png|1667:00]]||70/11:00||[[Media:time1879.png|1758:00]]||74/06:00||[[Media:time1970.png|1849:00]]||78/01:00||[[Media:time2061.png|1940:00]]||81/20:00||[[Media:time2152.png|2031:00]]||85/15:00||[[Media:time2243.png|2122:00]]||89/10:00||[[Media:time2334.png|2213:00]]||93/05:00||[[Media:time2425.png|2304:00]]||97/00:00
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|[[Media:time1789.png|1668:00]]||70/12:00||[[Media:time1880.png|1759:00]]||74/07:00||[[Media:time1971.png|1850:00]]||78/02:00||[[Media:time2062.png|1941:00]]||81/21:00||[[Media:time2153.png|2032:00]]||85/16:00||[[Media:time2244.png|2123:00]]||89/11:00||[[Media:time2335.png|2214:00]]||93/06:00||[[Media:time2426.png|2305:00]]||97/01:00
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|[[Media:time1790.png|1669:00]]||70/13:00||[[Media:time1881.png|1760:00]]||74/08:00||[[Media:time1972.png|1851:00]]||78/03:00||[[Media:time2063.png|1942:00]]||81/22:00||[[Media:time2154.png|2033:00]]||85/17:00||[[Media:time2245.png|2124:00]]||89/12:00||[[Media:time2336.png|2215:00]]||93/07:00||[[Media:time2427.png|2306:00]]||97/02:00
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|[[Media:time1791.png|1670:00]]||70/14:00||[[Media:time1882.png|1761:00]]||74/09:00||[[Media:time1973.png|1852:00]]||78/04:00||[[Media:time2064.png|1943:00]]||81/23:00||[[Media:time2155.png|2034:00]]||85/18:00||[[Media:time2246.png|2125:00]]||89/13:00||[[Media:time2337.png|2216:00]]||93/08:00||[[Media:time2428.png|2307:00]]||97/03:00
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|[[Media:time1792.png|1671:00]]||70/15:00||[[Media:time1883.png|1762:00]]||74/10:00||[[Media:time1974.png|1853:00]]||78/05:00||[[Media:time2065.png|1944:00]]||82/00:00||[[Media:time2156.png|2035:00]]||85/19:00||[[Media:time2247.png|2126:00]]||89/14:00||[[Media:time2338.png|2217:00]]||93/09:00||[[Media:time2429.png|2308:00]]||97/04:00
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|[[Media:time1793.png|1672:00]]||70/16:00||[[Media:time1884.png|1763:00]]||74/11:00||[[Media:time1975.png|1854:00]]||78/06:00||[[Media:time2066.png|1945:00]]||82/01:00||[[Media:time2157.png|2036:00]]||85/20:00||[[Media:time2248.png|2127:00]]||89/15:00||[[Media:time2339.png|2218:00]]||93/10:00||[[Media:time2430.png|2309:00]]||97/05:00
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|[[Media:time1794.png|1673:00]]||70/17:00||[[Media:time1885.png|1764:00]]||74/12:00||[[Media:time1976.png|1855:00]]||78/07:00||[[Media:time2067.png|1946:00]]||82/02:00||[[Media:time2158.png|2037:00]]||85/21:00||[[Media:time2249.png|2128:00]]||89/16:00||[[Media:time2340.png|2219:00]]||93/11:00||[[Media:time2431.png|2310:00]]||97/06:00
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|[[Media:time1800.png|1679:00]]||70/23:00||[[Media:time1891.png|1770:00]]||74/18:00||[[Media:time1982.png|1861:00]]||78/13:00||[[Media:time2073.png|1952:00]]||82/08:00||[[Media:time2164.png|2043:00]]||86/03:00||[[Media:time2255.png|2134:00]]||89/22:00||[[Media:time2346.png|2225:00]]||93/17:00||[[Media:time2437.png|2316:00]]||97/12:00
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|[[Media:time1806.png|1685:00]]||71/05:00||[[Media:time1897.png|1776:00]]||75/00:00||[[Media:time1988.png|1867:00]]||78/19:00||[[Media:time2079.png|1958:00]]||82/14:00||[[Media:time2170.png|2049:00]]||86/09:00||[[Media:time2261.png|2140:00]]||90/04:00||[[Media:time2352.png|2231:00]]||93/23:00||[[Media:time2443.png|2319:22]]||97/15:22
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|[[Media:time1807.png|1686:00]]||71/06:00||[[Media:time1898.png|1777:00]]||75/01:00||[[Media:time1989.png|1868:00]]||78/20:00||[[Media:time2080.png|1959:00]]||82/15:00||[[Media:time2171.png|2050:00]]||86/10:00||[[Media:time2262.png|2141:00]]||90/05:00||[[Media:time2353.png|2232:00]]||94/00:00||[[Media:time2444.png|2319:23]]||97/15:23
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|[[Media:time1808.png|1687:00]]||71/07:00||[[Media:time1899.png|1778:00]]||75/02:00||[[Media:time1990.png|1869:00]]||78/21:00||[[Media:time2081.png|1960:00]]||82/16:00||[[Media:time2172.png|2051:00]]||86/11:00||[[Media:time2263.png|2142:00]]||90/06:00||[[Media:time2354.png|2233:00]]||94/01:00||[[Media:time2445.png|2319:24]]||97/15:24
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|[[Media:time1809.png|1688:00]]||71/08:00||[[Media:time1900.png|1779:00]]||75/03:00||[[Media:time1991.png|1870:00]]||78/22:00||[[Media:time2082.png|1961:00]]||82/17:00||[[Media:time2173.png|2052:00]]||86/12:00||[[Media:time2264.png|2143:00]]||90/07:00||[[Media:time2355.png|2234:00]]||94/02:00||[[Media:time2446.png|2320:00]]||97/16:00
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|[[Media:time1810.png|1689:00]]||71/09:00||[[Media:time1901.png|1780:00]]||75/04:00||[[Media:time1992.png|1871:00]]||78/23:00||[[Media:time2083.png|1962:00]]||82/18:00||[[Media:time2174.png|2053:00]]||86/13:00||[[Media:time2265.png|2144:00]]||90/08:00||[[Media:time2356.png|2235:00]]||94/03:00||[[Media:time2447.png|2321:00]]||97/17:00
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|[[Media:time1811.png|1690:00]]||71/10:00||[[Media:time1902.png|1781:00]]||75/05:00||[[Media:time1993.png|1872:00]]||79/00:00||[[Media:time2084.png|1963:00]]||82/19:00||[[Media:time2175.png|2054:00]]||86/14:00||[[Media:time2266.png|2145:00]]||90/09:00||[[Media:time2357.png|2236:00]]||94/04:00||[[Media:time2448.png|2322:00]]||97/18:00
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|[[Media:time1812.png|1691:00]]||71/11:00||[[Media:time1903.png|1782:00]]||75/06:00||[[Media:time1994.png|1873:00]]||79/01:00||[[Media:time2085.png|1964:00]]||82/20:00||[[Media:time2176.png|2055:00]]||86/15:00||[[Media:time2267.png|2146:00]]||90/10:00||[[Media:time2358.png|2237:00]]||94/05:00||[[Media:time2449.png|2323:00]]||97/19:00
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|[[Media:time1813.png|1692:00]]||71/12:00||[[Media:time1904.png|1783:00]]||75/07:00||[[Media:time1995.png|1874:00]]||79/02:00||[[Media:time2086.png|1965:00]]||82/21:00||[[Media:time2177.png|2056:00]]||86/16:00||[[Media:time2268.png|2147:00]]||90/11:00||[[Media:time2359.png|2238:00]]||94/06:00||[[Media:time2450.png|2324:00]]||97/20:00
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|[[Media:time1814.png|1693:00]]||71/13:00||[[Media:time1905.png|1784:00]]||75/08:00||[[Media:time1996.png|1875:00]]||79/03:00||[[Media:time2087.png|1966:00]]||82/22:00||[[Media:time2178.png|2057:00]]||86/17:00||[[Media:time2269.png|2148:00]]||90/12:00||[[Media:time2360.png|2239:00]]||94/07:00||[[Media:time2451.png|2325:00]]||97/21:00
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|[[Media:time1815.png|1694:00]]||71/14:00||[[Media:time1906.png|1785:00]]||75/09:00||[[Media:time1997.png|1876:00]]||79/04:00||[[Media:time2088.png|1967:00]]||82/23:00||[[Media:time2179.png|2058:00]]||86/18:00||[[Media:time2270.png|2149:00]]||90/13:00||[[Media:time2361.png|2240:00]]||94/08:00||[[Media:time2452.png|2326:00]]||97/22:00
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|[[Media:time1816.png|1695:00]]||71/15:00||[[Media:time1907.png|1786:00]]||75/10:00||[[Media:time1998.png|1877:00]]||79/05:00||[[Media:time2089.png|1968:00]]||83/00:00||[[Media:time2180.png|2059:00]]||86/19:00||[[Media:time2271.png|2150:00]]||90/14:00||[[Media:time2362.png|2241:00]]||94/09:00||[[Media:time2453.png|2327:00]]||97/23:00
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|[[Media:time1817.png|1696:00]]||71/16:00||[[Media:time1908.png|1787:00]]||75/11:00||[[Media:time1999.png|1878:00]]||79/06:00||[[Media:time2090.png|1969:00]]||83/01:00||[[Media:time2181.png|2060:00]]||86/20:00||[[Media:time2272.png|2151:00]]||90/15:00||[[Media:time2363.png|2242:00]]||94/10:00||[[Media:time2454.png|2328:00]]||98/00:00
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|[[Media:time1818.png|1697:00]]||71/17:00||[[Media:time1909.png|1788:00]]||75/12:00||[[Media:time2000.png|1879:00]]||79/07:00||[[Media:time2091.png|1970:00]]||83/02:00||[[Media:time2182.png|2061:00]]||86/21:00||[[Media:time2273.png|2152:00]]||90/16:00||[[Media:time2364.png|2243:00]]||94/11:00||[[Media:time2455.png|2329:00]]||98/01:00
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|[[Media:time1819.png|1698:00]]||71/18:00||[[Media:time1910.png|1789:00]]||75/13:00||[[Media:time2001.png|1880:00]]||79/08:00||[[Media:time2092.png|1971:00]]||83/03:00||[[Media:time2183.png|2062:00]]||86/22:00||[[Media:time2274.png|2153:00]]||90/17:00||[[Media:time2365.png|2244:00]]||94/12:00||[[Media:time2456.png|2330:00]]||98/02:00
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|[[Media:time1820.png|1699:00]]||71/19:00||[[Media:time1911.png|1790:00]]||75/14:00||[[Media:time2002.png|1881:00]]||79/09:00||[[Media:time2093.png|1972:00]]||83/04:00||[[Media:time2184.png|2063:00]]||86/23:00||[[Media:time2275.png|2154:00]]||90/18:00||[[Media:time2366.png|2245:00]]||94/13:00||[[Media:time2457.png|2331:00]]||98/03:00
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|[[Media:time1821.png|1700:00]]||71/20:00||[[Media:time1912.png|1791:00]]||75/15:00||[[Media:time2003.png|1882:00]]||79/10:00||[[Media:time2094.png|1973:00]]||83/05:00||[[Media:time2185.png|2064:00]]||87/00:00||[[Media:time2276.png|2155:00]]||90/19:00||[[Media:time2367.png|2246:00]]||94/14:00||[[Media:time2458.png|2332:00]]||98/04:00
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|[[Media:time1822.png|1701:00]]||71/21:00||[[Media:time1913.png|1792:00]]||75/16:00||[[Media:time2004.png|1883:00]]||79/11:00||[[Media:time2095.png|1974:00]]||83/06:00||[[Media:time2186.png|2065:00]]||87/01:00||[[Media:time2277.png|2156:00]]||90/20:00||[[Media:time2368.png|2247:00]]||94/15:00||[[Media:time2459.png|2333:00]]||98/05:00
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|[[Media:time1823.png|1702:00]]||71/22:00||[[Media:time1914.png|1793:00]]||75/17:00||[[Media:time2005.png|1884:00]]||79/12:00||[[Media:time2096.png|1975:00]]||83/07:00||[[Media:time2187.png|2066:00]]||87/02:00||[[Media:time2278.png|2157:00]]||90/21:00||[[Media:time2369.png|2248:00]]||94/16:00||[[Media:time2460.png|2334:00]]||98/06:00
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|[[Media:time1824.png|1703:00]]||71/23:00||[[Media:time1915.png|1794:00]]||75/18:00||[[Media:time2006.png|1885:00]]||79/13:00||[[Media:time2097.png|1976:00]]||83/08:00||[[Media:time2188.png|2067:00]]||87/03:00||[[Media:time2279.png|2158:00]]||90/22:00||[[Media:time2370.png|2249:00]]||94/17:00||[[Media:time2461.png|2335:00]]||98/07:00
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|[[Media:time1825.png|1704:00]]||72/00:00||[[Media:time1916.png|1795:00]]||75/19:00||[[Media:time2007.png|1886:00]]||79/14:00||[[Media:time2098.png|1977:00]]||83/09:00||[[Media:time2189.png|2068:00]]||87/04:00||[[Media:time2280.png|2159:00]]||90/23:00||[[Media:time2371.png|2250:00]]||94/18:00||[[Media:time2462.png|2336:00]]||98/08:00
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|[[Media:time1826.png|1705:00]]||72/01:00||[[Media:time1917.png|1796:00]]||75/20:00||[[Media:time2008.png|1887:00]]||79/15:00||[[Media:time2099.png|1978:00]]||83/10:00||[[Media:time2190.png|2069:00]]||87/05:00||[[Media:time2281.png|2160:00]]||91/00:00||[[Media:time2372.png|2251:00]]||94/19:00||[[Media:time2463.png|2337:00]]||98/09:00
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|[[Media:time1827.png|1706:00]]||72/02:00||[[Media:time1918.png|1797:00]]||75/21:00||[[Media:time2009.png|1888:00]]||79/16:00||[[Media:time2100.png|1979:00]]||83/11:00||[[Media:time2191.png|2070:00]]||87/06:00||[[Media:time2282.png|2161:00]]||91/01:00||[[Media:time2373.png|2252:00]]||94/20:00||[[Media:time2464.png|2338:00]]||98/10:00
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|[[Media:time1828.png|1707:00]]||72/03:00||[[Media:time1919.png|1798:00]]||75/22:00||[[Media:time2010.png|1889:00]]||79/17:00||[[Media:time2101.png|1980:00]]||83/12:00||[[Media:time2192.png|2071:00]]||87/07:00||[[Media:time2283.png|2162:00]]||91/02:00||[[Media:time2374.png|2253:00]]||94/21:00||[[Media:time2465.png|2339:00]]||98/11:00
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|[[Media:time1829.png|1708:00]]||72/04:00||[[Media:time1920.png|1799:00]]||75/23:00||[[Media:time2011.png|1890:00]]||79/18:00||[[Media:time2102.png|1981:00]]||83/13:00||[[Media:time2193.png|2072:00]]||87/08:00||[[Media:time2284.png|2163:00]]||91/03:00||[[Media:time2375.png|2254:00]]||94/22:00||[[Media:time2466.png|2340:00]]||98/12:00
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|[[Media:time1830.png|1709:00]]||72/05:00||[[Media:time1921.png|1800:00]]||76/00:00||[[Media:time2012.png|1891:00]]||79/19:00||[[Media:time2103.png|1982:00]]||83/14:00||[[Media:time2194.png|2073:00]]||87/09:00||[[Media:time2285.png|2164:00]]||91/04:00||[[Media:time2376.png|2255:00]]||94/23:00||[[Media:time2467.png|2341:00]]||98/13:00
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|[[Media:time1831.png|1710:00]]||72/06:00||[[Media:time1922.png|1801:00]]||76/01:00||[[Media:time2013.png|1892:00]]||79/20:00||[[Media:time2104.png|1983:00]]||83/15:00||[[Media:time2195.png|2074:00]]||87/10:00||[[Media:time2286.png|2165:00]]||91/05:00||[[Media:time2377.png|2256:00]]||95/00:00||[[Media:time2468.png|2342:00]]||98/14:00
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|[[Media:time1832.png|1711:00]]||72/07:00||[[Media:time1923.png|1802:00]]||76/02:00||[[Media:time2014.png|1893:00]]||79/21:00||[[Media:time2105.png|1984:00]]||83/16:00||[[Media:time2196.png|2075:00]]||87/11:00||[[Media:time2287.png|2166:00]]||91/06:00||[[Media:time2378.png|2257:00]]||95/01:00||[[Media:time2469.png|2343:00]]||98/15:00
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|[[Media:time1833.png|1712:00]]||72/08:00||[[Media:time1924.png|1803:00]]||76/03:00||[[Media:time2015.png|1894:00]]||79/22:00||[[Media:time2106.png|1985:00]]||83/17:00||[[Media:time2197.png|2076:00]]||87/12:00||[[Media:time2288.png|2167:00]]||91/07:00||[[Media:time2379.png|2258:00]]||95/02:00||[[Media:time2470.png|2344:00]]||98/16:00
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|[[Media:time1834.png|1713:00]]||72/09:00||[[Media:time1925.png|1804:00]]||76/04:00||[[Media:time2016.png|1895:00]]||79/23:00||[[Media:time2107.png|1986:00]]||83/18:00||[[Media:time2198.png|2077:00]]||87/13:00||[[Media:time2289.png|2168:00]]||91/08:00||[[Media:time2380.png|2259:00]]||95/03:00||[[Media:time2471.png|2345:00]]||98/17:00
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|[[Media:time1835.png|1714:00]]||72/10:00||[[Media:time1926.png|1805:00]]||76/05:00||[[Media:time2017.png|1896:00]]||80/00:00||[[Media:time2108.png|1987:00]]||83/19:00||[[Media:time2199.png|2078:00]]||87/14:00||[[Media:time2290.png|2169:00]]||91/09:00||[[Media:time2381.png|2260:00]]||95/04:00||[[Media:time2472.png|2346:00]]||98/18:00
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|[[Media:time1836.png|1715:00]]||72/11:00||[[Media:time1927.png|1806:00]]||76/06:00||[[Media:time2018.png|1897:00]]||80/01:00||[[Media:time2109.png|1988:00]]||83/20:00||[[Media:time2200.png|2079:00]]||87/15:00||[[Media:time2291.png|2170:00]]||91/10:00||[[Media:time2382.png|2261:00]]||95/05:00||[[Media:time2473.png|2347:00]]||98/19:00
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|[[Media:time1837.png|1716:00]]||72/12:00||[[Media:time1928.png|1807:00]]||76/07:00||[[Media:time2019.png|1898:00]]||80/02:00||[[Media:time2110.png|1989:00]]||83/21:00||[[Media:time2201.png|2080:00]]||87/16:00||[[Media:time2292.png|2171:00]]||91/11:00||[[Media:time2383.png|2262:00]]||95/06:00||[[Media:time2474.png|2348:00]]||98/20:00
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|[[Media:time1838.png|1717:00]]||72/13:00||[[Media:time1929.png|1808:00]]||76/08:00||[[Media:time2020.png|1899:00]]||80/03:00||[[Media:time2111.png|1990:00]]||83/22:00||[[Media:time2202.png|2081:00]]||87/17:00||[[Media:time2293.png|2172:00]]||91/12:00||[[Media:time2384.png|2263:00]]||95/07:00||[[Media:time2475.png|2349:00]]||98/21:00
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|[[Media:time1839.png|1718:00]]||72/14:00||[[Media:time1930.png|1809:00]]||76/09:00||[[Media:time2021.png|1900:00]]||80/04:00||[[Media:time2112.png|1991:00]]||83/23:00||[[Media:time2203.png|2082:00]]||87/18:00||[[Media:time2294.png|2173:00]]||91/13:00||[[Media:time2385.png|2264:00]]||95/08:00||[[Media:time2476.png|2350:00]]||98/22:00
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|[[Media:time1840.png|1719:00]]||72/15:00||[[Media:time1931.png|1810:00]]||76/10:00||[[Media:time2022.png|1901:00]]||80/05:00||[[Media:time2113.png|1992:00]]||84/00:00||[[Media:time2204.png|2083:00]]||87/19:00||[[Media:time2295.png|2174:00]]||91/14:00||[[Media:time2386.png|2265:00]]||95/09:00||[[Media:time2477.png|2351:00]]||98/23:00
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|[[Media:time1841.png|1720:00]]||72/16:00||[[Media:time1932.png|1811:00]]||76/11:00||[[Media:time2023.png|1902:00]]||80/06:00||[[Media:time2114.png|1993:00]]||84/01:00||[[Media:time2205.png|2084:00]]||87/20:00||[[Media:time2296.png|2175:00]]||91/15:00||[[Media:time2387.png|2266:00]]||95/10:00
|-
|[[Media:time1842.png|1721:00]]||72/17:00||[[Media:time1933.png|1812:00]]||76/12:00||[[Media:time2024.png|1903:00]]||80/07:00||[[Media:time2115.png|1994:00]]||84/02:00||[[Media:time2206.png|2085:00]]||87/21:00||[[Media:time2297.png|2176:00]]||91/16:00||[[Media:time2388.png|2267:00]]||95/11:00
|-
|[[Media:time1843.png|1722:00]]||72/18:00||[[Media:time1934.png|1813:00]]||76/13:00||[[Media:time2025.png|1904:00]]||80/08:00||[[Media:time2116.png|1995:00]]||84/03:00||[[Media:time2207.png|2086:00]]||87/22:00||[[Media:time2298.png|2177:00]]||91/17:00||[[Media:time2389.png|2268:00]]||95/12:00
|}
</div>
{{clear}}

===July 2013===
<div class="mw-collapsible mw-collapsed">
{{clear}}
{| class="wikitable plainlinks table-padding"
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|[[Media:time2478.png|2352:00]]||99/00:00||[[Media:time2556.png|2430:00]]||102/06:00||[[Media:time2634.png|2508:00]]||105/12:00||[[Media:time2712.png|2586:00]]||108/18:00||[[Media:time2790.png|2664:00]]||112/00:00||[[Media:time2868.png|2742:00]]||115/06:00||[[Media:time2946.png|2820:00]]||118/12:00||[[Media:time3024.png|2898:00]]||121/18:00
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|[[Media:time2479.png|2353:00]]||99/01:00||[[Media:time2557.png|2431:00]]||102/07:00||[[Media:time2635.png|2509:00]]||105/13:00||[[Media:time2713.png|2587:00]]||108/19:00||[[Media:time2791.png|2665:00]]||112/01:00||[[Media:time2869.png|2743:00]]||115/07:00||[[Media:time2947.png|2821:00]]||118/13:00||[[Media:time3025.png|2899:00]]||121/19:00
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|[[Media:time2480.png|2354:00]]||99/02:00||[[Media:time2558.png|2432:00]]||102/08:00||[[Media:time2636.png|2510:00]]||105/14:00||[[Media:time2714.png|2588:00]]||108/20:00||[[Media:time2792.png|2666:00]]||112/02:00||[[Media:time2870.png|2744:00]]||115/08:00||[[Media:time2948.png|2822:00]]||118/14:00||[[Media:time3026.png|2900:00]]||121/20:00
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|[[Media:time2481.png|2355:00]]||99/03:00||[[Media:time2559.png|2433:00]]||102/09:00||[[Media:time2637.png|2511:00]]||105/15:00||[[Media:time2715.png|2589:00]]||108/21:00||[[Media:time2793.png|2667:00]]||112/03:00||[[Media:time2871.png|2745:00]]||115/09:00||[[Media:time2949.png|2823:00]]||118/15:00||[[Media:time3027.png|2901:00]]||121/21:00
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|[[Media:time2482.png|2356:00]]||99/04:00||[[Media:time2560.png|2434:00]]||102/10:00||[[Media:time2638.png|2512:00]]||105/16:00||[[Media:time2716.png|2590:00]]||108/22:00||[[Media:time2794.png|2668:00]]||112/04:00||[[Media:time2872.png|2746:00]]||115/10:00||[[Media:time2950.png|2824:00]]||118/16:00||[[Media:time3028.png|2902:00]]||121/22:00
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|[[Media:time2483.png|2357:00]]||99/05:00||[[Media:time2561.png|2435:00]]||102/11:00||[[Media:time2639.png|2513:00]]||105/17:00||[[Media:time2717.png|2591:00]]||108/23:00||[[Media:time2795.png|2669:00]]||112/05:00||[[Media:time2873.png|2747:00]]||115/11:00||[[Media:time2951.png|2825:00]]||118/17:00||[[Media:time3029.png|2903:00]]||121/23:00
|-
|[[Media:time2484.png|2358:00]]||99/06:00||[[Media:time2562.png|2436:00]]||102/12:00||[[Media:time2640.png|2514:00]]||105/18:00||[[Media:time2718.png|2592:00]]||109/00:00||[[Media:time2796.png|2670:00]]||112/06:00||[[Media:time2874.png|2748:00]]||115/12:00||[[Media:time2952.png|2826:00]]||118/18:00||[[Media:time3030.png|2904:00]]||122/00:00
|-
|[[Media:time2485.png|2359:00]]||99/07:00||[[Media:time2563.png|2437:00]]||102/13:00||[[Media:time2641.png|2515:00]]||105/19:00||[[Media:time2719.png|2593:00]]||109/01:00||[[Media:time2797.png|2671:00]]||112/07:00||[[Media:time2875.png|2749:00]]||115/13:00||[[Media:time2953.png|2827:00]]||118/19:00||[[Media:time3031.png|2905:00]]||122/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time2486.png|2360:00]]||99/08:00||[[Media:time2564.png|2438:00]]||102/14:00||[[Media:time2642.png|2516:00]]||105/20:00||[[Media:time2720.png|2594:00]]||109/02:00||[[Media:time2798.png|2672:00]]||112/08:00||[[Media:time2876.png|2750:00]]||115/14:00||[[Media:time2954.png|2828:00]]||118/20:00||[[Media:time3032.png|2906:00]]||122/02:00
|-
|[[Media:time2487.png|2361:00]]||99/09:00||[[Media:time2565.png|2439:00]]||102/15:00||[[Media:time2643.png|2517:00]]||105/21:00||[[Media:time2721.png|2595:00]]||109/03:00||[[Media:time2799.png|2673:00]]||112/09:00||[[Media:time2877.png|2751:00]]||115/15:00||[[Media:time2955.png|2829:00]]||118/21:00||[[Media:time3033.png|2907:00]]||122/03:00
|-
|[[Media:time2488.png|2362:00]]||99/10:00||[[Media:time2566.png|2440:00]]||102/16:00||[[Media:time2644.png|2518:00]]||105/22:00||[[Media:time2722.png|2596:00]]||109/04:00||[[Media:time2800.png|2674:00]]||112/10:00||[[Media:time2878.png|2752:00]]||115/16:00||[[Media:time2956.png|2830:00]]||118/22:00||[[Media:time3034.png|2908:00]]||122/04:00
|-
|[[Media:time2489.png|2363:00]]||99/11:00||[[Media:time2567.png|2441:00]]||102/17:00||[[Media:time2645.png|2519:00]]||105/23:00||[[Media:time2723.png|2597:00]]||109/05:00||[[Media:time2801.png|2675:00]]||112/11:00||[[Media:time2879.png|2753:00]]||115/17:00||[[Media:time2957.png|2831:00]]||118/23:00||[[Media:time3035.png|2909:00]]||122/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time2490.png|2364:00]]||99/12:00||[[Media:time2568.png|2442:00]]||102/18:00||[[Media:time2646.png|2520:00]]||106/00:00||[[Media:time2724.png|2598:00]]||109/06:00||[[Media:time2802.png|2676:00]]||112/12:00||[[Media:time2880.png|2754:00]]||115/18:00||[[Media:time2958.png|2832:00]]||119/00:00||[[Media:time3036.png|2910:00]]||122/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time2491.png|2365:00]]||99/13:00||[[Media:time2569.png|2443:00]]||102/19:00||[[Media:time2647.png|2521:00]]||106/01:00||[[Media:time2725.png|2599:00]]||109/07:00||[[Media:time2803.png|2677:00]]||112/13:00||[[Media:time2881.png|2755:00]]||115/19:00||[[Media:time2959.png|2833:00]]||119/01:00||[[Media:time3037.png|2911:00]]||122/07:00
|-
|[[Media:time2492.png|2366:00]]||99/14:00||[[Media:time2570.png|2444:00]]||102/20:00||[[Media:time2648.png|2522:00]]||106/02:00||[[Media:time2726.png|2600:00]]||109/08:00||[[Media:time2804.png|2678:00]]||112/14:00||[[Media:time2882.png|2756:00]]||115/20:00||[[Media:time2960.png|2834:00]]||119/02:00||[[Media:time3038.png|2912:00]]||122/08:00
|-
|[[Media:time2493.png|2367:00]]||99/15:00||[[Media:time2571.png|2445:00]]||102/21:00||[[Media:time2649.png|2523:00]]||106/03:00||[[Media:time2727.png|2601:00]]||109/09:00||[[Media:time2805.png|2679:00]]||112/15:00||[[Media:time2883.png|2757:00]]||115/21:00||[[Media:time2961.png|2835:00]]||119/03:00||[[Media:time3039.png|2913:00]]||122/09:00
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|[[Media:time2494.png|2368:00]]||99/16:00||[[Media:time2572.png|2446:00]]||102/22:00||[[Media:time2650.png|2524:00]]||106/04:00||[[Media:time2728.png|2602:00]]||109/10:00||[[Media:time2806.png|2680:00]]||112/16:00||[[Media:time2884.png|2758:00]]||115/22:00||[[Media:time2962.png|2836:00]]||119/04:00||[[Media:time3040.png|2914:00]]||122/10:00
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|[[Media:time2495.png|2369:00]]||99/17:00||[[Media:time2573.png|2447:00]]||102/23:00||[[Media:time2651.png|2525:00]]||106/05:00||[[Media:time2729.png|2603:00]]||109/11:00||[[Media:time2807.png|2681:00]]||112/17:00||[[Media:time2885.png|2759:00]]||115/23:00||[[Media:time2963.png|2837:00]]||119/05:00||[[Media:time3041.png|2915:00]]||122/11:00
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|[[Media:time2496.png|2370:00]]||99/18:00||[[Media:time2574.png|2448:00]]||103/00:00||[[Media:time2652.png|2526:00]]||106/06:00||[[Media:time2730.png|2604:00]]||109/12:00||[[Media:time2808.png|2682:00]]||112/18:00||[[Media:time2886.png|2760:00]]||116/00:00||[[Media:time2964.png|2838:00]]||119/06:00||[[Media:time3042.png|2916:00]]||122/12:00
|-
|[[Media:time2497.png|2371:00]]||99/19:00||[[Media:time2575.png|2449:00]]||103/01:00||[[Media:time2653.png|2527:00]]||106/07:00||[[Media:time2731.png|2605:00]]||109/13:00||[[Media:time2809.png|2683:00]]||112/19:00||[[Media:time2887.png|2761:00]]||116/01:00||[[Media:time2965.png|2839:00]]||119/07:00||[[Media:time3043.png|2917:00]]||122/13:00
|-
|[[Media:time2498.png|2372:00]]||99/20:00||[[Media:time2576.png|2450:00]]||103/02:00||[[Media:time2654.png|2528:00]]||106/08:00||[[Media:time2732.png|2606:00]]||109/14:00||[[Media:time2810.png|2684:00]]||112/20:00||[[Media:time2888.png|2762:00]]||116/02:00||[[Media:time2966.png|2840:00]]||119/08:00||[[Media:time3044.png|2918:00]]||122/14:00
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|[[Media:time2499.png|2373:00]]||99/21:00||[[Media:time2577.png|2451:00]]||103/03:00||[[Media:time2655.png|2529:00]]||106/09:00||[[Media:time2733.png|2607:00]]||109/15:00||[[Media:time2811.png|2685:00]]||112/21:00||[[Media:time2889.png|2763:00]]||116/03:00||[[Media:time2967.png|2841:00]]||119/09:00||[[Media:time3045.png|2919:00]]||122/15:00
|-
|[[Media:time2500.png|2374:00]]||99/22:00||[[Media:time2578.png|2452:00]]||103/04:00||[[Media:time2656.png|2530:00]]||106/10:00||[[Media:time2734.png|2608:00]]||109/16:00||[[Media:time2812.png|2686:00]]||112/22:00||[[Media:time2890.png|2764:00]]||116/04:00||[[Media:time2968.png|2842:00]]||119/10:00||[[Media:time3046.png|2920:00]]||122/16:00
|-
|[[Media:time2501.png|2375:00]]||99/23:00||[[Media:time2579.png|2453:00]]||103/05:00||[[Media:time2657.png|2531:00]]||106/11:00||[[Media:time2735.png|2609:00]]||109/17:00||[[Media:time2813.png|2687:00]]||112/23:00||[[Media:time2891.png|2765:00]]||116/05:00||[[Media:time2969.png|2843:00]]||119/11:00||[[Media:time3047.png|2921:00]]||122/17:00
|-
|[[Media:time2502.png|2376:00]]||100/00:00||[[Media:time2580.png|2454:00]]||103/06:00||[[Media:time2658.png|2532:00]]||106/12:00||[[Media:time2736.png|2610:00]]||109/18:00||[[Media:time2814.png|2688:00]]||113/00:00||[[Media:time2892.png|2766:00]]||116/06:00||[[Media:time2970.png|2844:00]]||119/12:00||[[Media:time3048.png|2922:00]]||122/18:00
|-
|[[Media:time2503.png|2377:00]]||100/01:00||[[Media:time2581.png|2455:00]]||103/07:00||[[Media:time2659.png|2533:00]]||106/13:00||[[Media:time2737.png|2611:00]]||109/19:00||[[Media:time2815.png|2689:00]]||113/01:00||[[Media:time2893.png|2767:00]]||116/07:00||[[Media:time2971.png|2845:00]]||119/13:00||[[Media:time3049.png|2923:00]]||122/19:00
|-
|[[Media:time2504.png|2378:00]]||100/02:00||[[Media:time2582.png|2456:00]]||103/08:00||[[Media:time2660.png|2534:00]]||106/14:00||[[Media:time2738.png|2612:00]]||109/20:00||[[Media:time2816.png|2690:00]]||113/02:00||[[Media:time2894.png|2768:00]]||116/08:00||[[Media:time2972.png|2846:00]]||119/14:00||[[Media:time3050.png|2924:00]]||122/20:00
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|[[Media:time2505.png|2379:00]]||100/03:00||[[Media:time2583.png|2457:00]]||103/09:00||[[Media:time2661.png|2535:00]]||106/15:00||[[Media:time2739.png|2613:00]]||109/21:00||[[Media:time2817.png|2691:00]]||113/03:00||[[Media:time2895.png|2769:00]]||116/09:00||[[Media:time2973.png|2847:00]]||119/15:00||[[Media:time3051.png|2925:00]]||122/21:00
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|[[Media:time2506.png|2380:00]]||100/04:00||[[Media:time2584.png|2458:00]]||103/10:00||[[Media:time2662.png|2536:00]]||106/16:00||[[Media:time2740.png|2614:00]]||109/22:00||[[Media:time2818.png|2692:00]]||113/04:00||[[Media:time2896.png|2770:00]]||116/10:00||[[Media:time2974.png|2848:00]]||119/16:00||[[Media:time3052.png|2926:00]]||122/22:00
|-
|[[Media:time2507.png|2381:00]]||100/05:00||[[Media:time2585.png|2459:00]]||103/11:00||[[Media:time2663.png|2537:00]]||106/17:00||[[Media:time2741.png|2615:00]]||109/23:00||[[Media:time2819.png|2693:00]]||113/05:00||[[Media:time2897.png|2771:00]]||116/11:00||[[Media:time2975.png|2849:00]]||119/17:00||[[Media:time3053.png|2927:00]]||122/23:00
|-
|[[Media:time2508.png|2382:00]]||100/06:00||[[Media:time2586.png|2460:00]]||103/12:00||[[Media:time2664.png|2538:00]]||106/18:00||[[Media:time2742.png|2616:00]]||110/00:00||[[Media:time2820.png|2694:00]]||113/06:00||[[Media:time2898.png|2772:00]]||116/12:00||[[Media:time2976.png|2850:00]]||119/18:00||[[Media:time3054.png|2928:00]]||123/00:00
|-
|[[Media:time2509.png|2383:00]]||100/07:00||[[Media:time2587.png|2461:00]]||103/13:00||[[Media:time2665.png|2539:00]]||106/19:00||[[Media:time2743.png|2617:00]]||110/01:00||[[Media:time2821.png|2695:00]]||113/07:00||[[Media:time2899.png|2773:00]]||116/13:00||[[Media:time2977.png|2851:00]]||119/19:00||[[Media:time3055.png|2929:00]]||123/01:00
|-
|[[Media:time2510.png|2384:00]]||100/08:00||[[Media:time2588.png|2462:00]]||103/14:00||[[Media:time2666.png|2540:00]]||106/20:00||[[Media:time2744.png|2618:00]]||110/02:00||[[Media:time2822.png|2696:00]]||113/08:00||[[Media:time2900.png|2774:00]]||116/14:00||[[Media:time2978.png|2852:00]]||119/20:00||[[Media:time3056.png|2930:00]]||123/02:00
|-
|[[Media:time2511.png|2385:00]]||100/09:00||[[Media:time2589.png|2463:00]]||103/15:00||[[Media:time2667.png|2541:00]]||106/21:00||[[Media:time2745.png|2619:00]]||110/03:00||[[Media:time2823.png|2697:00]]||113/09:00||[[Media:time2901.png|2775:00]]||116/15:00||[[Media:time2979.png|2853:00]]||119/21:00||[[Media:time3057.png|2931:00]]||123/03:00
|-
|[[Media:time2512.png|2386:00]]||100/10:00||[[Media:time2590.png|2464:00]]||103/16:00||[[Media:time2668.png|2542:00]]||106/22:00||[[Media:time2746.png|2620:00]]||110/04:00||[[Media:time2824.png|2698:00]]||113/10:00||[[Media:time2902.png|2776:00]]||116/16:00||[[Media:time2980.png|2854:00]]||119/22:00||[[Media:time3058.png|2932:00]]||123/04:00
|-
|[[Media:time2513.png|2387:00]]||100/11:00||[[Media:time2591.png|2465:00]]||103/17:00||[[Media:time2669.png|2543:00]]||106/23:00||[[Media:time2747.png|2621:00]]||110/05:00||[[Media:time2825.png|2699:00]]||113/11:00||[[Media:time2903.png|2777:00]]||116/17:00||[[Media:time2981.png|2855:00]]||119/23:00||[[Media:time3059.png|2933:00]]||123/05:00
|-
|[[Media:time2514.png|2388:00]]||100/12:00||[[Media:time2592.png|2466:00]]||103/18:00||[[Media:time2670.png|2544:00]]||107/00:00||[[Media:time2748.png|2622:00]]||110/06:00||[[Media:time2826.png|2700:00]]||113/12:00||[[Media:time2904.png|2778:00]]||116/18:00||[[Media:time2982.png|2856:00]]||120/00:00||[[Media:time3060.png|2934:00]]||123/06:00
|-
|[[Media:time2515.png|2389:00]]||100/13:00||[[Media:time2593.png|2467:00]]||103/19:00||[[Media:time2671.png|2545:00]]||107/01:00||[[Media:time2749.png|2623:00]]||110/07:00||[[Media:time2827.png|2701:00]]||113/13:00||[[Media:time2905.png|2779:00]]||116/19:00||[[Media:time2983.png|2857:00]]||120/01:00||[[Media:time3061.png|2935:00]]||123/07:00
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|[[Media:time2516.png|2390:00]]||100/14:00||[[Media:time2594.png|2468:00]]||103/20:00||[[Media:time2672.png|2546:00]]||107/02:00||[[Media:time2750.png|2624:00]]||110/08:00||[[Media:time2828.png|2702:00]]||113/14:00||[[Media:time2906.png|2780:00]]||116/20:00||[[Media:time2984.png|2858:00]]||120/02:00||[[Media:time3062.png|2936:00]]||123/08:00
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|[[Media:time2517.png|2391:00]]||100/15:00||[[Media:time2595.png|2469:00]]||103/21:00||[[Media:time2673.png|2547:00]]||107/03:00||[[Media:time2751.png|2625:00]]||110/09:00||[[Media:time2829.png|2703:00]]||113/15:00||[[Media:time2907.png|2781:00]]||116/21:00||[[Media:time2985.png|2859:00]]||120/03:00||[[Media:time3063.png|2937:00]]||123/09:00
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|[[Media:time2518.png|2392:00]]||100/16:00||[[Media:time2596.png|2470:00]]||103/22:00||[[Media:time2674.png|2548:00]]||107/04:00||[[Media:time2752.png|2626:00]]||110/10:00||[[Media:time2830.png|2704:00]]||113/16:00||[[Media:time2908.png|2782:00]]||116/22:00||[[Media:time2986.png|2860:00]]||120/04:00||[[Media:time3064.png|2938:00]]||123/10:00
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|[[Media:time2519.png|2393:00]]||100/17:00||[[Media:time2597.png|2471:00]]||103/23:00||[[Media:time2675.png|2549:00]]||107/05:00||[[Media:time2753.png|2627:00]]||110/11:00||[[Media:time2831.png|2705:00]]||113/17:00||[[Media:time2909.png|2783:00]]||116/23:00||[[Media:time2987.png|2861:00]]||120/05:00||[[Media:time3065.png|2939:00]]||123/11:00
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|}
</div>
{{clear}}

==Where's the discussion block?==
It was getting large, so the discussion block has been moved. You can still discuss this comic here: [[Talk:1190: Time]]

[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]
[[Category:Dynamic comics]]
[[Category:Trebuchet]]

802: Online Communities 2

2015-11-24T15:09:05Z

Steammaster: /* Facebook Region */

{{comic
| number = 802
| date = October 6, 2010
| title = Online Communities 2
| image = online_communities_2.png
| titletext = Best trivia I learned while working on this: 'Man, Farmville is so huge! Do you realize it's the second-biggest browser-based social-networking-centered farming game in the WORLD?' Then you wait for the listener to do a double-take.
}}
A [http://xkcd.com/802_large/ larger version] of this picture can be found by clicking the comic on xkcd.
{{TOC}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Not all of the regions are fully explained. Many labels aren't even mentioned outside of the transcript. Some towns need to be added for example.}}
This comic shows a map of internet communities where the size of each region roughly corresponds to its size, and its proximity to other regions indicates similarities.

This is the successor of [[256: Online Communities]]. It differs in that it is updated, and furthermore, instead of using the ''membership'' of whichever service to determine its size on the map, it uses its "daily social activity."

The map actually has two super−maps: the online community map is surrounded by the "countries" of E−Mail and SMS ("Instant Messaging"). These, in turn, are surrounded by the "Spoken Language" country (which is odd, considering that e−mail, SMS, and the Internet in general are based on ''written'' language) with its own sub−country, "cell phones" (which ''do'' involve e−mail and the Internet while being the mean medium of SMS's).

At the title text [[Randall]] explains that, using his definition of "most activity per day," Farmville is actually the ''second'' most popular social-network farming game -- the Chinese game Happy Farm was more popular at the time. This strikes many English-speaking xkcd readers as odd, because Farmville is much more famous, leading one to wonder how the it could not be the most played. The phrase "browser-based social-networking-centered farming game" is an example of an [http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/OverlyNarrowSuperlative overly-narrow superlative.]

===Facebook Region===
The Facebook region deals with social networks, that is, websites oriented towards having people meet.

'''{{w|Facebook}}''' is a social networking site that allows people to meet old real−life friends and make new friends that share similar interests. One of its most notable features is that a member can update a "status" or make normal posts about the happenings of the member's life, complete with pictures, other members "liking" these posts. The size of the Facebook region is not exaggerated; most websites seem to allow "liking" their content or allow/require logging in the website with a Facebook account. There even are cell phones with a "Facebook" button!

*'''{{w|FarmVille}}''' and '''{{w|Farm Town}}''' are Facebook games in which users manage farms. '''{{w|Happy Farm}},''' the Chinese game that inspired the other two, does not require Facebook integration, so it is separated by a solid line from Facebook. The "Unethical Bay" refers to how these games tend to addict players into constantly buying virtual items of questionable value.

*'''People You Can't Unfriend''' refers to people whom, due to real-life expectations and relationships, unfriending them is difficult, no matter how you really feel about them.

*'''Blatherskite River''' refers to the conversations on Facebook, which may be long yet devoid of general meaning or logic.

*'''Data Mines''' refer to the data mining that Facebook does with the interests of its members. This fuels the profitable advertising business at the expense of customer trust.

*'''Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions''' refer to how interactions with family members on Facebook suddenly become more awkward because everyone on Facebook (and sometimes ''off'' Facebook, given that you do not necessarily need to log in if you want to see someone's Facebook account) if you are discussing with your family through post comments.

*'''524,287 Strong for Mersenne Primes''' refers to the communities who gain followers for a cause. A {{w|Mersenne prime}} is a prime number that is 1 less than a power of 2; 524287 is the 7th known Mersenne prime.

*'''Jungle-Bay Mountains of "It's Complicated"''' refers to one of Facebook's options as to what a user's relationship status currently is. A Jungle-Bay Mountain is a complicated and undefined climate, hence the complication.

*'''"Old Facebook" Resistance''' refers to Facebook's earlier users, who have often resisted (and resented) changes made to Facebook as it became more popular.

*'''Privacy Controls''' is located on the map surrounded by a Lava Pool, which is a reference to how difficult it is to find the privacy controls within Facebook.
*'''Niche Market Mountains''' refers to social networks aimed towards more niche markets are located. Similar to how mountains tend to be isolated from mainland, niche social networks tend to be just that: niche, without much interaction with the general populace.
*'''Charred Wasteland of Abandoned Social Networks''' refers to the tons of websites wanting to take advantage of the success of websites like Facebook to compete or even overpower with them. Even so, these websites tend to not have the userbase or even the expertise towards the long-term, hence they become wastelands: environments devoid of life, except the few life forms that are from these wastelands (in this case, the ones who are loyal to the website or which are sadly few).
*In the Charred Wasteland stands '''{{w|Ozymandias}}''', the titular broken statue of Shelley's poem. In the poem, only "two vast and trunkless legs of stone" and a "shattered visage" are all that remain of the once-great statue and both of these features are present in the comic. According to the poem, the pedestal before the broken statue reads "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings..." hence "friend of friends" below Ozymandias on the map.
*In the north are the '''Duckface Mountains''' and the '''Red Cup Mountains'''."Duckface" refers to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/duck-face this incredibly obnoxious facial expression], and "red cup pictures" are any pictures containing party-goers holding disposable red plastic beverage cups. Facebook is absolutely flooded with both types of pictures.
*In the south is '''Buzzword Bay'''. {{w|Buzzword}}s are words and phrases that make you sound a lot more topical than you actually are, used to garner attention; again, Facebook status updates are commonly filled with buzzwords.

While Facebook is the largest "country" of the Facebook Region, there are a lot of smaller "countries" that represent smaller social networks.

*Below Facebook (and "Old Facebook' Resistance") is '''{{w|Diaspora (social network)|Diaspora}}''', a fully open-source, decentralized, privacy-respecting-and-expecting alternative to Facebook. From what this map tells, Diaspora is little-known, even if Facebook is taken out of the context.
*'''{{w|StudiVZ}}''' is a German-speaking social network similar if not a ripped-off version of Facebook.
*'''{{w|XING}}''' is a German-speaking social platform similar to LinkedIn.
*'''{{w|Ning (website)|Ning}}''' is a service to create custom social websites. Its free services shut down in 2010.
*'''{{w|Taringa!}}''' is a Spanish-speaking social network that is based on a forums. Copyrighted material is frequently found there.
*Next to the Euro(pean) Gulf is '''{{w|Skyrock (social network site)}}''', a French-speaking social network.
*'''{{w|Wer-kennt-wen}}''' is a German-social network somewhat like MySpace.
*'''{{w|Nasza-klasa.pl}}''' or NK, is a Polish-speaking social network based on school relationships.
*'''{{w|Badoo}}''' is a social network primarily based on dating and picture-sharing.
*'''{{w|Classmates.com}}''' is a services in which the user can meet classmates that came from the same high school. The website is probably best known by its memetic advertisement that said [http://dudemanphat.blogspot.com/2005/10/how-am-i-supposed-to-care-about-nick.html "She married him??!! And they've got 7 kids??"] (Incidentally, [http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2003325519_adcouple27.html there is more to the coupled picture than what the advertisement says.])
*'''{{w|Myspace}}''' is a social networking website that is a kind of proto-Facebook: users could customize their one-page websites with whatever they wanted, make their interests and daily lives public, and interact with other users. Back in the mid 2000s, MySpace was the largest social network, many people using the website; however, the surprisingly-less-customizable Facebook ended up taking the place of MySpace. The "bands" country of MySpace refers to how a lot of bands in the day advertised and interacted using the website. Indeed, the latest incarnation of MySpace (in terms of 2013) is more oriented towards band members.
*'''{{w|LinkedIn}}''' is a social network aimed towards people in the workplace, which is why it is adjancent to '''Corporate Bay'''.
*'''{{w|Orkut}}''' was one of Google's first social networks before Google made [https://plus.google.com/ Google+]. It shut down in 2014.
*'''{{w|Hi5}}''' is a social network that is very popular among people in Latin America.
*'''{{w|Renren}}''' ('''「人人」''', "people" in Chinese) is "a Chinese copy of Facebook."
*'''{{w|Bebo}}''' was a social network popular in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It went bankrupt in 2013 and will move away from social networking and into apps.
*'''{{w|Friendster}}''' - One of the first major social networks, it has fallen way off in usage in recent years and was eclipsed by MySpace. It is still popular in Asia.
*'''{{w|VK (social networking website)|Vkontakte}}''' or VK, is the second largest social network service in Europe after Facebook. It is available in several languages, but particularly popular among Russian-speaking users around the world.
*'''{{w|Netlog}}''' is a Belgian social networking website specifically targeted at the global youth demographic.
*'''{{w|Mixi}}''' is an online Japanese social networking service.
*'''{{w|Qzone}}''' is a social networking website, which is big in China. According to a report published by Tencent, possibly surpassing other social networking websites like Facebook and MySpace in China.
*'''{{w|Tuenti}}''' is a Spain-based, social networking service, that has been referred to as the "Spanish Facebook."
*'''{{w|Cloob}}''' is a Persian-language social networking website, mainly popular in Iran. After the locally (and internationally) popular social networking website Orkut was blocked by the Iranian government, a series of local sites and networks, including Cloob, emerged to fill the gap.
*'''{{w|Kaixin001}}''' is a social networking website which ranks as the 13th most popular website in China and 67th overall.
*'''{{w|Piczo}}''' was a privately held blog website for teens. In November 2012, Piczo.com shut down.
*'''{{w|Odnoklassniki}}''' is a social network service for classmates and old friends. It is popular in Russia and former Soviet Republics.
*'''{{w|Adult FriendFinder}}''' is a pornographic dating site.
*'''{{w|Match.com}}''' is a dating site, mainly targeted at people looking for marriage.
*'''{{w|Ok Cupid}}''' is another dating site, however it has been owned by Match.com since 2011.
*'''{{w|PlentyofFish}}''' is yet another dating site, also owned by Match.com since June 2015.
*'''{{w|Sulawesi}}''' is a real-life island in the Indonesian archipelago. It also appears in 256: Online Communities.

===MMO Isle===
MMO's (short form of "MMORPG", short form of "Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Player Game") are websites that host online games where multiple people take the role of a character and play in a setting hosted by the website. These types of games tend to be fantastical in setting. Frequently, missions are added to the game, giving current player more incentive towards playing more.

*'''[https://www.habbo.com/ Habbo Hotel]''' is a website where someone creates a human avatar an interacts in a virtual world that is not that different from the one in real life.
*'''[http://www.clubpenguin.com/ Club Penguin]''' is [http://disney.com/ Disney's] MMO where someone creates a penguin avatar and interacts with other in a more polar, cartoony setting. Club Penguin is aimed towards children.
*'''[http://maplestory.nexon.net/ Maple Story]''' is an MMO that has a more natural setting. The most distinguishing feature of Maple Story is its cartoony pixel art.
*'''[http://www.gamefaqs.com/ GameFAQs]''', while not an MMO, is a website that has the largest repository of walkthoughs, that is, guides that help someone beat a game. GameFAQs is notable for not only its large repository of walkthroughs of games that are across an extreme variety of consoles, handhelds, and even computers (not all of them MMOs), but also the drama that is rumoured to happen in the GameFAQs forums.
*'''[http://www.ign.com/ IGN]''' (full: '''Imagine Games Network'''), while also not an MMO, is the largest website that gives news on video games in general, not just MMOs. Each of the games mentioned in the site have pages that have summaries, reviews, screenshots, other art, videos, and links to news related to its games.
*'''[http://www.playonline.com/ff11us/index.shtml FFXI]''' (full: '''Final Fantasy XI''') is an MMO from SquareEnix, being the first MMO of the popular ''Final Fantasy'' series.
*'''[http://www.runescape.com/community Runescape]''' is an older MMO.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/sc2/en/ Starcraft II]''' is a realtime strategy game with a science fiction setting that heavily involves space travel. While technically not an MMO, it has a significant online multiplayer component.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/wow/en/ WoW]''' (full: '''World of Warcraft''') is the definitive MMO, being not only the most popular and one of the longest-running but also the most expansive (having its own spinoff games, comic books, novels, and even figurines), WOW giving the idea of how an MMO should be. A player can choose from a variety of races, each with its own heavy history.
*'''[http://secondlife.com/ Second Life]''' is similar to Habbo, albeit with a bigger suspension of disbelief (one example being that the player does not need to be a human) and in a 3D setting.
*'''[http://www.nationstates.net/ NationStates]''' is a text-based political simulation game. Notably, some of its traffic comes not from the actual game (which is optional), but the extensive set of political, roleplaying, and general forums attached.
*'''[http://www.urbandead.com/ Urban Dead]''' describes itself as "A Massively Multi-Player Web-Based Zombie Apocalypse", which sums it up pretty well.
*'''[http://www.kingdomofloathing.com KoL]''' (full: '''Kingdom of Loathing''') is a comedic browser-based MMO-ish RPG with minimalistic stick-figure art.
*'''{{w|CDC Games}}''' is a Chinese company reputed to be the largest MMORPG distributor.
*'''{{w|Eve Online|EVE Online}}''' is a science fiction MMO which is notable because of its virtual economy.
*'''{{w|Gaia Online|Gaia}}''' or Gaia Online, while not an MMO, is a forum oriented towards pop culture, including video games and Japanese media. Its most notable feature is the heavy customization possible of a member's pixel-art avatar. Its members tend to roleplay a lot, albeit in a more written, story-based form. Gaia has gained a reputation with its members stealing art and causing drama.
*'''{{w|City of Heroes|CoH}}''' or City of Heroes was a superhero-based MMORPG that was shut down November 2012.

Other notable regions include:
*The '''Mountains of Steam''', referring to the game distribution service [http://store.steampowered.com/ Steam] where people could buy and download video games in general, not just MMOs.
*'''River Grind''' refers to "grinding." In most MMOs, the character is a fighter of some sorts, yet starts at a level 1, signifying the character's aptitude level in combat. The character can level up and gain more aptitude levels through earning experience, of which the most reliable and otherwise common way is the process of "grinding," that is, repeatedly fighting opposing monsters (sometimes of a level notably lower that your character's), gaining experience points from winning these battles until your character gains a level, that is, "levels up". While a practical necessity in strengthening the character, this process can be tiresome, hence the expression "grinding."
*'''Spawn Camp''' refers to "spawn points", the places in combat-oriented MMO's tend to produce ("spawn") random AI-powered creatures, and the act of "spawn camping", in which the player character simply stands behind or around the spawn points to fight the enemy creatures as soon as they appear.
*'''Gulf of Lag''' refers to how the MMO can be slowed down a considerable amount due to the large amount of players simultaneously using the same server, this congestion bogging down the server and frustrating the users.
*'''[http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/final-boss-of-the-internet End Guy for the Internet]''' refers to "end bosses," the last — and usually hardest to defeat — "bad guy" in a game (or a section of a game).

===YouTube Region===
The YouTube region refers to websites that are based on user-created content.

'''[https://www.youtube.com/ YouTube]''' is the definitive video website where people can upload videos with the purpose of public viewing, ranging from home movies through official music videos through Let's Plays of people playing video games to questionably-legal uploads of cartoons and films. Google had purchased YouTube.

Many of the sites on the map are just references to {{w|viral video}}s at {{w|YouTube}}:
*'''Viral Shores''' refers to how viral videos (whether they be viral marketing or simply memes) tend to proliferate on YouTube.
*'''Britney''' likely refers to pop singer {{w|Britney Spears}} and the [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHmvkRoEowc‎ "Leave Britney Alone" guy].
*'''Maru Gulf''' refers to Maru the Cat, a YouTube celebrity [http://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/676:_Abstraction also mentioned in xkcd].
*'''Prairie Dog Habitat''' likely refers to the viral video [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1Y73sPHKxw Dramatic Chipmunk] (which is actually a Prairie Dog).
*'''Rick Rolling Hills''' references, well, {{w|Rickrolling}}. More information [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ here]. The "deserted" note likely refers to how Rick Astley himself is tired of the meme, or again, how people tend to leave the video upon getting "Rick Roll'd," never actually going to the video with the express purpose of viewing the video.
*'''Lunar Landing Soundstage''' is, of course, a reference to the {{w|Moon landing conspiracy theories}}, which Randall has railed on before.
*'''{{w|OK Go}} Bay''' refers to the band "OK Go" who have multiple viral music videos on YouTube, most famously [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTAAsCNK7RA "Here it goes again"] featuring treadmills.

The '''HTML5 swamp''' refers to the spotty support of HTML 5 (an update on HTML that is frequently touting its media capabilities, making HTML 5 a viable alternative to Flash) YouTube has. Of course, by the time the comic was written, HTML 5 was still in its infancy. The Music Video Bay refers to the amount of music videos (official or otherwise) are present in YouTube.

Other counties of the YouTube region include:
*'''[https://vimeo.com/ vimeo]''', a website where people tend to showcase artistic content that they made on their own, notably independent studios.

Snob Sound:
*'''[https://secure.flickr.com/ Flickr]''', a website where people can upload and share photographs they took.
*'''[http://fotolog.com Fotolog]''', a photo website very popular in South America in 2004-2008, which was used as a social network.
*'''[http://www.last.fm/ Last.fm]''', a music website that is notable of its "scrobbling" feature.
*'''[http://www.deviantart.com/ deviantArt]''', the largest art website, where people can upload, sell, and buy not only art itself, but also video, audio, Flash-work, and even skins (the original purpose of deviantArt). While many big-name/professional people and organizations have their works in deviantArt, the site is more infamous for the large amount of people who upload low-quality fan-art and fan-characters, most notably of media from Japan. Another point of infamy is the large amount of drama that can happen in the website.

*'''[https://www.newgrounds.com/ Newgrounds]''', a website that hosts art, (Flash-based) videos, audio, and (Flash-based) games to which other users can comment and rate. Even so, content from Newgrounds tends to be obscene, though there is a filtering system if a viewer does not wish to see obscene content.
*'''[http://www.chatroulette.com/ Chatroulette]''' is a website where people are randomly paired up with each other and video/text chat.
*'''{{w|Brickshelf}}''' is the online resource for {{w|LEGO}} fans.
*'''[https://tumblr.com/ Tumblr]''', where people could make a blog and post text, pictures, video, audio, quotes, and links. The most distinguishing feature is the ability to "reblog" these posts from other's people's blogs into the user's own blog. Notable features of Tumblr include sketchblogs (where people upload their sketches), Ask blogs (where people answer questions other users ask, the moderators of these blogs usually pretending to be a character from a form of media), and the large amount of "social justice" (where people fight against racism, sexism, and other forms of negative discrimination). (See also [[1043: Ablogalypse]].)
*'''{{w|b3ta}}''' is a popular British website, described as a "puerile digital arts community" by The Guardian.

The '''Isle of teenagers who just discovered macroeconomics''' is a joke about how teenagers tend to think that the world and the economy are a lot simpler than they actually are. Combined with the typical internet mindset, this leads to a lot of teenagers posting blogs and videos and comments on blogs and videos describing how idiotic the government and other red-tape-related adults are.
The '''Snob Sound''' could refer to the large amount of people who look down on others in the surrounding websites (one example being an original artist looking down on people who draw mainly fan-art). '''The Iraq''' is a reference to Miss Teen USA 2007, Ms. Teen South Carolina - Lauren Katlin said "I believe that our education like such as in South Africa and the Iraq everywhere like such as...the US should help the US and should help South Africa and should help the Iraq and the asian countries so we are able to build up our future." The usage of "the iraq" became a meme.

===Twitter Region===
*'''Bieber Bay''' is a reference to {{w|Justin Bieber}} a pop singer whose singing sprouted on YouTube and became very popular on Twitter and other social media. He is very much vilified because of his rather feminine appearance and his hordes of fans (called "Beliebers") that seem to support him to ridiculous extents. Lately, though, Justin Beiber has taken a "bad boy" attitude because of all the Beliebers who are willing to defend him no matter what, him partaking in a lot of questionable activities that include tattoos, questionably-legal substances, and buying prostitution, thus lowering his popularity in the general populace.
*'''{{w|Google Buzz}}''' is a former social network attempted by Google. It has since been shut down.
*'''Bit.Ly Mountains''' is a reference to the URL shortening service {{w|bit.ly}}.
*'''Kanye's Isle of Sadness''' is a reference to the musician {{w|Kanye West}}, whose Twitter, at the time, was [http://www.buzzfeed.com/mlew15/25-of-kanye-wests-most-thought-provoking-tweets-h0se famously introspective and stream-of-consciousness].
*'''Sarah Palin USA''' is the Twitter handle of former politician {{w|Sarah Palin}}.
*'''Clueless Politician Coast''' is a reference to the number of politicians on Twitter and other social networks who repeatedly share clueless updates that more often create an uproar than help their election chances.
*'''Desert of Food Updates''' is a reference to the number of pictures of food that are shared on social media (especially Twitter). There has even been some controversy on posting such pictures.
*'''Journalists Trying to Find the Cutting Edge''' is referencing journalists on Twitter trying to keep up with the way that news is gathered and delivered now, despite usually working for a newspaper that publishes once a day.
*'''{{w|SHAQ}}''' is a reference to the former NBA basketball player, {{w|Shaq}}.
*'''{{w|identi.ca}}''' is an open source social networking and micro-blogging service, being an alternative to Twitter.
*''' Breaking! Waves''' is a pun on the fact that so many people used the word "Breaking" at the beginning of tweets that do not warrant that tag that the word has lost most of its meaning and become a joke. It is a pun because waves "break" on the shore.
*'''Web 3.0''' refers to the unofficial term {{w|Web 2.0}}. In this case, "Web 1.0" refers to websites that give information to users. Web 2.0 refers to websites where the users themselves create content. Web 3.0 has sometimes been used as a term. For {{w|semantic web}}, a machine-readable version of the web, but this usage is far from universal.
*'''Hashtag games whose popularity confuses and depresses you''' refers to the game where a user posts something under a particular hashtag and others respond with their own ideas, all tagged under the same phrase. This has been very popular for no clear reason, as Randall notes.

===Geotagged Bay===
*'''{{w|Yelp}}''' is a website where people post reviews of real-life public locations (one example being restaurants).
*'''{{w|Geocaching}}''' is a worldwide GPS scavenger hunt where users upload positions of caches and others will find them and log it online.
*'''{{w|Foursquare}}''' is a location-based social network.
*'''Latitude''' refers to {{w|Google Latitude}}.

===Troll Bay and the Sea of Memes===
*'''{{w|Reddit}}''' is the self-described "front page of the Internet" in which users submit stories, photos and videos and the best are "up-voted" to the top of the page.
*'''{{w|Help:Using talk pages|Wikipedia Talk Pages}}''' refer to the pages where Wikipedia editors discuss how to improve articles.
*'''{{w|Wikia}}''' is a 3rd party wiki software, used in the making of the user-editable encyclopedias of just about any subject matter.
*'''{{w|StumbleUpon}}''' is a website-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Delicious (website)|Delicious}}''' is a bookmarking and bookmark-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Digg}}''' is a former competitor to Reddit in the social-news sphere, but now has been sold and restarted as an aggregator of news stories.
*'''{{w|Slashdot}}''', labeled "/." on the map, is a technical news site.
*'''{{w|Fark}}''' is a community website that allows members to comment on news articles from other sites.
*'''{{w|YTMND}}''' is an acronym for "You're The Man Now, Dog!" It's also a community in which users can create meme-type nonsense by playing music over an image (either static or animated).

===Skype Region===
The Skype Region refers to different IM, or Instant Messaging services, that enable almost-real-time text chatting between multiple people. These often allow services like voice chat and even video calls.

*'''{{w|Skype}}''' is, according to Randall, the most popular of these among the internet. It has many features to allow peer-to-peer voice chats, as well as allowing calls to be made at a price to actual phones.
*'''{{w|AIM}}''' or AOL Instant Messenger is a chat client created by AOL.
*'''GG''' is {{w|Gadu-Gadu}} and instant messenger client popular in Poland.
*'''{{w|Yahoo Messenger}}''' is an instant messenger client by Yahoo.
*'''{{w|Google Talk}}''' is a voice/video chatting service from Google (that Google has been replacing with Hangouts). Google Talk also has an invasion fleet at its shores.
*'''{{w|ICQ}}''' is an older messaging service, albeit with an 18+ requirement (despite pornography not being the point of ICQ).
*'''{{w|Windows Live Messenger}}''', or "MSN", was the messaging service of Microsoft before Microsoft bought Skype. MSN was useful in that people could draw and send pictures to other chatters.
*'''{{w|UseNet}}''' was one of the original ways to communicate on the internet, though people can download (copyrighted) files through the service. Since it is still in use by some, it gets the tag "Still Around!" on the map.
*'''{{w|IRC}} Isles''' refers to the ancestor of Internet-powered chatting. People would have connected to a server and spoke publicly. IRC is still in use (per 2014, notably in getting help from users4. One of those isles is #xkcd which is an IRC community around [[xkcd]].

===Bay of Drama===
*'''{{w|FanFiction.net}}''' is a website where people can submit their fanfiction (stories by fans written about other peoples' media, normally that about popular media). The website tend to have people that are not helpful to those who legitimately want critique of their own stories.
*'''{{w|Xanga}}''' is a blogging service that, while popular at its time, lost out to...
*'''{{w|LiveJournal}}''' was the most popular blogging service before Tumblr.
*'''ONYD''' - Reference to {{w|Oh No You Didn't}}, which is explained in the Blogosphere region.
*'''{{w|Dreamwidth}}''' is a LiveJournal fork emphasizing its open-source nature.

===Blogosphere===
The Blogosphere region contains several general {{w|blog}} topics.
*'''{{w|photo blog|Photo Blogs}}''' are commonly used to chronicle the lives of the authors through photographs.
*'''Diary Blogs''' are another popular use of blogs (and, in fact, the original use) where authors write commentary about their lives.
*'''Bay of Grammar Pedantry''' deals with the fact that, whether due to a lack of proper education, a habit of using "chat-speak" in the text-limited SMS and MMS, or simply due to the (generally) more relaxed nature of the Internet, blog authors tend to write with horrible composition, a point of annoyment to a lot of other people due to the subsequent increased difficulty of reading the horribly-written material.
*'''Fandom Blogs''' are blogs created by a "{{w|fandom}}" which is a community of fans. A fandom blog deals with the subject matter of the respective fandom.
*'''Sea of Zero (0) Comments''' refers to blogs that get very little attention and therefore have no comments.
*'''SpamBlog Straits''' references spammers who use blogs to increase the number of links to their site to try to game search engines.
*'''OffTopic.com''' is a general interest forum that refers to itself as "the largest general discussion forum on the internet."
*Many more straightforward blogs, including:
**'''Writing/Poetry'''
**'''Gossip Blogs'''
**'''Political Blogs'''
**'''Music Blogs'''
**'''Tech Blogs'''
**'''Business Blogs'''
**'''Corporate Blogs'''
**'''Religious Blogs'''
**'''Miscellaneous Blogs'''
*'''Blog Blogs''' - These can refer to blogs that talk about the matter about blogging itself, though they can also refer to blogs which authors use in talking about blogging.

===Blogosphere (Core Region)===
Gossip Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on gossip surrounding celebrities and other well-known persons.
*'''{{w|Jezebel}}''' is a liberally feminist blog, hosted by Gawker.
*'''{{w|deadline.com|Deadline}}''' is an online entertainment news magazine.
*'''{{w|TMZ}}''' is a celebrity news website.
*'''{{w|Gawker}}''' is a blog that is the host of other blogs.
*'''LJ Oh No They Didn't''' - LiveJournal {{w|Oh No They Didn't}} - Oh No They Didn't, also known as ONTD, is the largest community on LiveJournal with over 100,000 members. The community focuses on celebrity gossip and pop culture with most of its posts aggregated from other gossip blogs.
*'''Doucheblog''' refers to blogs that were once insightful but that spiraled into long rants due to relationship changes of their authors.
*'''Isle of Mockery''' is a reference to the fact that some of what these blogs do is mock celebrities or other for doing or saying stupid things on camera.

Liberal Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "liberal" or "progressive" slant. These blogs tend to lean for the Democratic party.
*'''{{w|Huffington Post}}''' is a news blog.
*'''{{w|Paul Krugman}}''' is an American economist who considers himself a liberal.
*'''{{w|Daily Beast}}''' is a news and opinion website focusing on politics and pop culture.
*'''{{w|Talking Points Memo|TPM}}''' is a political journal run by Josh Marshall.
*'''{{w|Ezra Klein}}''' used to have his own site at the Washington Post, but is now the editor of [Vox.com].
*'''{{w|Think Progress}}''' is a political news blog.
*'''{{w|Daily Kos|Kos}}''' is another political blog.

Bay of Flame:
*'''{{w|Politics Daily}}''' is a political journalism website launched by AOL.
*'''CNN Political Ticker''' is CNN's political blog.
*'''{{w|Mediaite}}''' is a news and opinion blog covering politics and entertainment in the media.
*'''{{w|NY Times}}''' is one of the most famous newspapers, thus the comparatively large size of its island.
*'''{{w|The Talk}}''' is a talk show on CBS that discusses the latest headlines "through the eyes of mothers."
*Libertarian Isle (shaped like a {{w|Nolan Chart}})

Conservative Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "conservative" or Republican slant.
*'''{{w|Pajamas Media}}''' is a media company and operator of conservative news.
*'''{{w|Michelle Malkin}}''' is a conservative blogger, political commentator, and author.
*'''{{w|Hot Air}}''' is a news blog founded by Michelle Malkin.
*'''{{w|RedState|Red State}}''' is a political blog.
*'''{{w|American Thinker}}''' is a daily online magazine focused on politics.
*'''{{w|Townhall}}''' is a web publication and print magazine.

Tech Blogs:
*'''{{w|Boy Genius Report}}''' is a weblog that focuses on technology and consumer gadgets.
*'''{{w|Gizmodo}}''' is a news and opinion blog, hosted by Gawker, that talks about life's more technological matters.
*'''{{w|Engadget}}''' is another technology-oriented, albeit independent, blog.
*'''Crunchgear''' is a blog that reviews gadgets and other hardware.
*'''{{w|Techcrunch}}''' is an online publisher of technology industry news.
*'''{{w|Joystiq}}''' is a news and opinion blog that focuses on gaming.
*'''{{w|Kotaku}}''' is another gaming-oriented news/opinion blog, the main difference beig that Kotaku is owned by Gawker.

Assorted:
*'''{{w|BoingBoing}}''' is "i blog about wonderful things", the topics being quite random.
*'''{{w|Lifehacker}}''' is another Gawker blog, is a blog that teaches people how to simplify their lives through 'lifehacking', that is, using their resources in creative wayss. While the subject matter is life in general, there is a significant technological slant.
*'''{{w|Deadspin}}''' is a sports and sports gossip blog founded by Will Leitch.
*'''Meatorama''' is a blog that talks about cooking meat.

===QQ Region===
*'''Baidu Baike''' (「百度百科」, "Baidu Encyclopedia") and '''Hudong''' (「互动百科」, "Interactive Encyclopedia" ) are two Chinese online encyclopedias. Baidu Baike is powered by the same company as Baidu, the search engine popular in China.
* The '''Ma Le Ge Bi''' and the '''Grass Mud Horse Bay''' could refer to the {{w|Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures}}.
* The '''Location of Jia Junpeng''' refers to the Internet meme of {{w|Jia Junpeng}} in 2009 in China.
*'''{{w|Tencent QQ}}''' is a Chinese instant messaging program.
*In English communities "QQ" has several more common definitions:
**An {{w|emoticon}}, representing a face with two large, crying eyes.
**A synonym for "rage quit", in which a video game player quits the game out of sheer frustration. It originated in ''Warcraft II'' multiplayer, where pressing Ctrl+Q+Q would quit the game, and became more widely known in ''World of Warcraft''.
**These definitions are commonly combined, usually to mock the "rage quitter".
*The Gulf of China refers to how sites in the region are based in People's Republic of China ("Red China"). The '''Great Firewall''' refers to {{w|The Great Firewall of China}}, a pun on {{w|The Great Wall of China}}. Similar to how The Great Wall of China was meant to keep intruding nations out of the then-capital of the city, The Great Firewall of China is meant to keep visitors from visiting censored websites. However, either a VPN or remote access to a computer in a "freer" country can circumvent the Firewall. Oddly other Chinese websites (Qzone, Renren etc.) are not enclosed in this zone.

===Forums Islands===
Forums are websites where one person post a topic to which other people can discuss.

While the map has a zoomed in version, this article shall discuss the two bigger islands, first.

*'''[http://www.2ch.net 2channel]''' is a Japanese imageboard that was actually the original inspiration for 4chan.
*'''[http://www.craigslist.org/about/sites Craigslist]''' is a classified advertisement website with sections devoted to just about everything... which formerly included prostitution services, hence the '''The Former Site of Adult Services'''.

In the zoomed-in map, there is...
*'''[https://www.4chan.org/ 4chan.org]''' is an {{w|imageboard}} in which people can upload pictures while others comment on them. The website is infamous for its loose/often non-existent rules, incredibly vulgar userbase, source of new memes, and spawning of trolls. 4chan's random board, known internally as '''/b/''', is almost constantly flooded with porn and image macros. This is why Randall's incarnation of 4chan is shaped like a penis.
*'''420chan''' and '''7chan''', other imageboards in the style of 4chan. Their relative lack of popularity and derivative nature leads a lot of 4chan users to mock them; hence, their position on Randall's map suggests that they're mere wads of semen.
*'''Encyclopedia Dramatica''', labeled '''ED''' on the map, is a wiki site dedicated to chronicling internet memes and other noteworthy sites, events, people, and anything else that catches their attention, their respective articles written in an incredibly arbitrary and vulgar manner. The site is ''heavily'' steeped in the attitude of veteran, vulgar 4chan users. People who have articles in the website tend to react with despair, given not only the cruelty in which the articles talk about the person in question, but the presence of the article means that the person is now an eternal target from the trolls. The user is not in a position of retaliation, since the userbase of Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan tends to overpower the victim easily...
:...usually. Due to the founder's talk against the Australian Aboriginals (the founder is Australian), legal action has gone against the founder to the point of the founder having to shut down Encyclopedia Dramatica, founding the far tamer website Oh, Internet! (which is now shut down), instead. Trolls responded by not only uploading their own mirror of the website but also vilifying the former founder forever.
*'''Tunnel to Habbo''' is a reference to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed the 2006 Habbo Hotel Raids], in which hundreds of 4chan Anons simultaneously logged onto Habbo Hotel and proceeded to be as obnoxious as possible, standing in formations of swastikas and penises or body-blocking the swimming pools.
*'''{{w|Catbus}} Route''' is likely a reference to {{w|Lolcat}}s in general.
*'''[http://www.ebaumsworld.com/ eBaum's World]''' is a media-hosting website founded by Eric Bauman. The site has lost a lot of traffic after (quite valid) accusations of stolen content.
*The gulf labelled '''{{w|Anonymous (group)|Anonymous}}''' is a reference to the trolls that label themselves "Anonymous" who recently had gained national acknowledgement because of the group's real-life tirades, including cracking attacks against the Church of Scientology and the founding of WikiLeaks (a website that leaks confidential material related to governments).
*[http://www.somethingawful.com/ SomethingAwful] is a website that is meant to showcase all things "awful". SomethingAwful also has a large trollbase, but they tend to be more honorable than the ones from Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan. One example is there being a spotty holding of the no-furries rule in the forums. The forums themselves are famous because of the holding of the Let's Plays of [http://lparchive.org/Dangan-Ronpa/ Dangan Ronpa] and [http://danganronpa2mirror.tumblr.com/ Super Dangan Ronpa 2], which had cooked up public interest to the point of there being an English-language release of the games.
Please note that, due to these Let's Plays being in a forums that frequently hides behind a "paywall" that requires a paid account before accessing, the links provided go to their mirrors.

==Transcript==
:'''Map of Online Communities'''
:Size on map represents volume of Daily Social activity (posts, chat, etc). Based on data gathered over the Spring and Summer of 2010.

:[Two insets on the upper left-hand corner shows that this map is a tiny portion of the huge continent of Spoken Language, encompassing portions of the Internet, Email, and Cell Phones (SMS).]

:[The largest landmass on the map by far, which takes up nearly the entire northern half of the map is "Facebook" - with large states in the south-east of the country labeled 'Farmville' and 'Happy Farm'. There is a much smaller state to the west of these called 'Farm Town'. To the north of these states is a large swath of unremarkable land entitled 'Northern Wasteland of Unread Updates.' This is directly north of the large Dopamine Sea.

:A peninsula on the south-west, just below the Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions, houses many tiny states, such as MySpace, Orkut, LinkedIn, Bebo, & Hi5. It is bordered on the south by Buzzword Bay, which contains several islands of varying sizes. Among these are YouTube and Twitter (the largest), which are separated by the Social Media Consultant Channel. To the south-east of Twitter, across the Sea of Protocol Confusion, is another, equally large island. Most of it is Skype, with the north having two largish states called AIM and Windows Live Messenger. On the south-west part of the island are two smaller states called GG and Yahoo Messenger.

:The Island of Skype is extremely close to, but separated by the Great Firewall (a dashed line), the large landmass of QQ. It's north shore is the Gulf of China and Grass Mud Horse Bay. Outside of these bays, over the Great Firewall are two islands called Craigslist and 2Channel.

:In the Dopamine Sea, off the southern shores of Farmville and Happy Farm, is MMO Isle. Its largest state is WoW, with Runescape, Lineage, Maple Story, Habbo, and the Mountains of Steam among its notable landmarks. To the southeast of the island is the Gulf of Lag, in which sits the CDC Games island, with Eve Online.

:To the east of Twitter is Troll Bay, with such islands as Reddit and Reddit, Digg, Stumbleupon, Delicio.us, and Wikipedia Talk Pages. To their south are the IRC isles, of which one is the tiny island of #xkcd.

:East of these islands, and north of Skype island, is the Sea of Memes. In this sea, to the north of Craigslist and 2Channel, is an archipelago of tiny islands. There is an inset, labeled 'Forums.' (See below.)

:To the southwest of Twitter island, in the Sea of Opinions, are the blog islands. These lie south of the islands in Buzzword Bay, as well. The northernmost islands in this group are centered around the Bay of Drama, on which can be found Diary Blogs, Gossip Blogs, and Livejournal. Gossip Blogs share an island with Political, Music, and Tech Blogs. To the north of this island is a smaller island called Photo Blogs. South of Diary Blogs, and off the southwest coast of Music blogs is a smaller island called Fandom Blogs. South of Tech Blogs, off of which sprouts the small peninsula of Business Blogs, is the Spamblog Straits. On the other side of the straits is a large island made up of Miscellaneous Blogs, with two states demarcated as Religious Blogs and Blog Blogs. Southwest of the Blog Islands is the Sea of Zero (0) Comments.]

:[An inset of a group of islands in the sea of memes located on the lower right corner of the map, labeled 'Forums'. The largest by far is 4chan and /b/. Also found here are D2JSP, JLA Frums, Fan Forum, Something Awful, and many smaller ones, too numerous to list here.]

:[The northeastern third of Gossip/Political/Tech Blogs island is another inset labeled 'Blogosphere (Core)'. This can be found on the lower left corner of the map. Two peninsulas in Political Blogs bookend the Bay of Flame -- these are Liberal Blogs and Conservative Blogs. Between them lie several tiny islands such as Politics Daily, CNN Politcal Ticker, and Mediaite. Off the coast of Liberal Blogs lies the island of NYTimes, off the coast of Conservative Blogs is Libertarian Isle. Between the two lies The Talk. The northern peninsula of Tech Blogs contains places such as Gizmodo, Engadget, Joystiq, and Kotaku.]

:[Text found between the two insets, which are directly below the main map.]
:ABOUT THIS MAP
:Communities rise and fall, and total membership numbers are no longer a good measure of a community's current size and health. This updated map uses size to represent total social activity in a community -- that is, how much talking, playing, sharing, or other socializing happens there. This meant some comparing of apples and oranges, but I did my best and tried to be consistent.

:Estimates are based on the numbers I could find, but involved a great deal of guesswork, statistical inference, random sampling, nonrandom sampling, a 20,000-cell spreadsheet, emailing, cajoling, tea-leaf reading, goat sacrifices, and gut instinct (i.e. making things up).

:Sources of data include Google and Bing, Wikipedia, Alexa, Big-Boards.com, StumbleUpon, Wordpress, Akismet, every website statistics page I could find, press releases, news articles, and individual site employees. Thanks in particular to folks at Last.fm, LiveJournal, Reddit, and the New York Times, as well as sysadmins at a number of sites who shared statistics on condition of anonymity.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Large drawings]]
[[Category:Internet]]
[[Category:Online Communities]]
[[Category:Rickrolling]]

802: Online Communities 2

2015-11-24T15:07:22Z

Steammaster: /* Facebook Region */

{{comic
| number = 802
| date = October 6, 2010
| title = Online Communities 2
| image = online_communities_2.png
| titletext = Best trivia I learned while working on this: 'Man, Farmville is so huge! Do you realize it's the second-biggest browser-based social-networking-centered farming game in the WORLD?' Then you wait for the listener to do a double-take.
}}
A [http://xkcd.com/802_large/ larger version] of this picture can be found by clicking the comic on xkcd.
{{TOC}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Not all of the regions are fully explained. Many labels aren't even mentioned outside of the transcript. Some towns need to be added for example.}}
This comic shows a map of internet communities where the size of each region roughly corresponds to its size, and its proximity to other regions indicates similarities.

This is the successor of [[256: Online Communities]]. It differs in that it is updated, and furthermore, instead of using the ''membership'' of whichever service to determine its size on the map, it uses its "daily social activity."

The map actually has two super−maps: the online community map is surrounded by the "countries" of E−Mail and SMS ("Instant Messaging"). These, in turn, are surrounded by the "Spoken Language" country (which is odd, considering that e−mail, SMS, and the Internet in general are based on ''written'' language) with its own sub−country, "cell phones" (which ''do'' involve e−mail and the Internet while being the mean medium of SMS's).

At the title text [[Randall]] explains that, using his definition of "most activity per day," Farmville is actually the ''second'' most popular social-network farming game -- the Chinese game Happy Farm was more popular at the time. This strikes many English-speaking xkcd readers as odd, because Farmville is much more famous, leading one to wonder how the it could not be the most played. The phrase "browser-based social-networking-centered farming game" is an example of an [http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/OverlyNarrowSuperlative overly-narrow superlative.]

===Facebook Region===
The Facebook region deals with social networks, that is, websites oriented towards having people meet.

'''{{w|Facebook}}''' is a social networking site that allows people to meet old real−life friends and make new friends that share similar interests. One of its most notable features is that a member can update a "status" or make normal posts about the happenings of the member's life, complete with pictures, other members "liking" these posts. The size of the Facebook region is not exaggerated; most websites seem to allow "liking" their content or allow/require logging in the website with a Facebook account. There even are cell phones with a "Facebook" button!

*'''{{w|FarmVille}}''' and '''{{w|Farm Town}}''' are Facebook games in which users manage farms. '''{{w|Happy Farm}},''' the Chinese game that inspired the other two, does not require Facebook integration, so it is separated by a solid line from Facebook. The "Unethical Bay" refers to how these games tend to addict players into constantly buying virtual items of questionable value.

*'''People You Can't Unfriend''' refers to people whom, due to real-life expectations and relationships, unfriending them is difficult, no matter how you really feel about them.

*'''Blatherskite River''' refers to the conversations on Facebook, which may be long yet devoid of general meaning or logic.

*'''Data Mines''' refer to the data mining that Facebook does with the interests of its members. This fuels the profitable advertising business at the expense of customer trust.

*'''Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions''' refer to how interactions with family members on Facebook suddenly become more awkward because everyone on Facebook (and sometimes ''off'' Facebook, given that you do not necessarily need to log in if you want to see someone's Facebook account) if you are discussing with your family through post comments.

*'''524,287 Strong for Mersenne Primes''' refers to the communities who gain followers for a cause. A {{w|Mersenne prime}} is a prime number that is 1 less than a power of 2; 524287 is the 7th known Mersenne prime.

*'''Jungle-Bay Mountains of "It's Complicated"''' refers to one of Facebook's options as to what a user's relationship status currently is. A Jungle-Bay Mountain is a complicated and undefined climate, hence the complication.

*'''"Old Facebook" Resistance''' refers to Facebook's earlier users, who have often resisted (and resented) changes made to Facebook as it became more popular.

*'''Privacy Controls''' is located on the map surrounded by a Lava Pool, which is a reference to how difficult it is to find the privacy controls within Facebook.
*'''Niche Market Mountains''' refers to social networks aimed towards more niche markets are located. Similar to how mountains tend to be isolated from mainland, niche social networks tend to be just that: niche, without much interaction with the general populace.
*'''Charred Wasteland of Abandoned Social Networks''' refers to the tons of websites wanting to take advantage of the success of websites like Facebook to compete or even overpower with them. Even so, these websites tend to not have the userbase or even the expertise towards the long-term, hence they become wastelands: environments devoid of life, except the few life forms that are from these wastelands (in this case, the ones who are loyal to the website or which are sadly few).
*In the Charred Wasteland stands '''{{w|Ozymandias}}''', the titular broken statue of Shelley's poem. In the poem, only "two vast and trunkless legs of stone" and a "shattered visage" are all that remain of the once-great statue and both of these features are present in the comic. According to the poem, the pedestal before the broken statue reads "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings..." hence "friend of friends" below Ozymandias on the map.
*In the north are the '''Duckface Mountains''' and the '''Red Cup Mountains'''."Duckface" refers to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/duck-face this incredibly obnoxious facial expression], and "red cup pictures" are any pictures containing party-goers holding disposable red plastic beverage cups. Facebook is absolutely flooded with both types of pictures.
*In the south is '''Buzzword Bay'''. {{w|Buzzword}}s are words and phrases that make you sound a lot more topical than you actually are, used to garner attention; again, Facebook status updates are commonly filled with buzzwords.

While Facebook is the largest "country" of the Facebook Region, there are a lot of smaller "countries" that represent smaller social networks.

*Below Facebook (and "Old Facebook' Resistance") is '''{{w|Diaspora (social network)|Diaspora}}''', a fully open-source, decentralized, privacy-respecting-and-expecting alternative to Facebook. From what this map tells, Diaspora is little-known, even if Facebook is taken out of the context.
*'''{{w|StudiVZ}}''' is a German-speaking social network similar if not a ripped-off version of Facebook.
*'''{{w|XING}}''' is a German-speaking social platform similar to LinkedIn.
*'''{{w|Ning (website)|Ning}}''' is a service to create custom social websites. Its free services shut down in 2010.
*'''{{w|Taringa!}}''' is a Spanish-speaking social network that is based on a forums. Copyrighted material is frequently found there.
*Next to the Euro(pean) Gulf is '''{{w|Skyrock (social network site)}}''', a French-speaking social network.
*'''{{w|Wer-kennt-wen}}''' is a German-social network somewhat like MySpace.
*'''{{w|Nasza-klasa.pl}}''' or NK, is a Polish-speaking social network based on school relationships.
*'''{{w|Badoo}}''' is a social network primarily based on dating and picture-sharing.
*'''{{w|Classmates.com}}''' is a services in which the user can meet classmates that came from the same high school. The website is probably best known by its memetic advertisement that said [http://dudemanphat.blogspot.com/2005/10/how-am-i-supposed-to-care-about-nick.html "She married him??!! And they've got 7 kids??"] (Incidentally, [http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2003325519_adcouple27.html there is more to the coupled picture than what the advertisement says.])
*'''{{w|Myspace}}''' is a social networking website that is a kind of proto-Facebook: users could customize their one-page websites with whatever they wanted, make their interests and daily lives public, and interact with other users. Back in the mid 2000s, MySpace was the largest social network, many people using the website; however, the surprisingly-less-customizable Facebook ended up taking the place of MySpace. The "bands" country of MySpace refers to how a lot of bands in the day advertised and interacted using the website. Indeed, the latest incarnation of MySpace (in terms of 2013) is more oriented towards band members.
*'''{{w|LinkedIn}}''' is a social network aimed towards people in the workplace, which is why it is adjancent to '''Corporate Bay'''.
*'''{{w|Orkut}}''' was one of Google's first social networks before Google made [https://plus.google.com/ Google+]. It shut down in 2014.
*'''{{w|Hi5}}''' is a social network that is very popular among people in Latin America.
*'''{{w|Renren}}''' ('''「人人」''', "people" in Chinese) is "a Chinese copy of Facebook."
*'''{{w|Bebo}}''' was a social network popular in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It went bankrupt in 2013 and will move away from social networking and into apps.
*'''{{w|Friendster}}''' - One of the first major social networks, it has fallen way off in usage in recent years and was eclipsed by MySpace. It is still popular in Asia.
*'''{{w|VK (social networking website)|Vkontakte}}''' or VK, is the second largest social network service in Europe after Facebook. It is available in several languages, but particularly popular among Russian-speaking users around the world.
*'''{{w|Netlog}}''' is a Belgian social networking website specifically targeted at the global youth demographic.
*'''{{w|Mixi}}''' is an online Japanese social networking service.
*'''{{w|Qzone}}''' is a social networking website, which is big in China. According to a report published by Tencent, possibly surpassing other social networking websites like Facebook and MySpace in China.
*'''{{w|Tuenti}}''' is a Spain-based, social networking service, that has been referred to as the "Spanish Facebook."
*'''{{w|Cloob}}''' is a Persian-language social networking website, mainly popular in Iran. After the locally (and internationally) popular social networking website Orkut was blocked by the Iranian government, a series of local sites and networks, including Cloob, emerged to fill the gap.
*'''{{w|Kaixin001}}''' is a social networking website which ranks as the 13th most popular website in China and 67th overall.
*'''{{w|Piczo}}''' was a privately held blog website for teens. In November 2012, Piczo.com shut down.
*'''{{w|Odnoklassniki}}''' is a social network service for classmates and old friends. It is popular in Russia and former Soviet Republics.
*'''{{w|Adult FriendFinder}}''' is a pornographic dating site.
*'''{{w|Match.com}}''' is a dating site, mainly targeted at people looking for marriage.
*'''{{w|Ok Cupid}}''' is another dating site, however it has been owned by Match.com since 2011.
*'''{{w|PlentyofFish}}''' is yet another dating site.
*'''{{w|Sulawesi}}''' is a real-life island in the Indonesian archipelago. It also appears in 256: Online Communities.

===MMO Isle===
MMO's (short form of "MMORPG", short form of "Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Player Game") are websites that host online games where multiple people take the role of a character and play in a setting hosted by the website. These types of games tend to be fantastical in setting. Frequently, missions are added to the game, giving current player more incentive towards playing more.

*'''[https://www.habbo.com/ Habbo Hotel]''' is a website where someone creates a human avatar an interacts in a virtual world that is not that different from the one in real life.
*'''[http://www.clubpenguin.com/ Club Penguin]''' is [http://disney.com/ Disney's] MMO where someone creates a penguin avatar and interacts with other in a more polar, cartoony setting. Club Penguin is aimed towards children.
*'''[http://maplestory.nexon.net/ Maple Story]''' is an MMO that has a more natural setting. The most distinguishing feature of Maple Story is its cartoony pixel art.
*'''[http://www.gamefaqs.com/ GameFAQs]''', while not an MMO, is a website that has the largest repository of walkthoughs, that is, guides that help someone beat a game. GameFAQs is notable for not only its large repository of walkthroughs of games that are across an extreme variety of consoles, handhelds, and even computers (not all of them MMOs), but also the drama that is rumoured to happen in the GameFAQs forums.
*'''[http://www.ign.com/ IGN]''' (full: '''Imagine Games Network'''), while also not an MMO, is the largest website that gives news on video games in general, not just MMOs. Each of the games mentioned in the site have pages that have summaries, reviews, screenshots, other art, videos, and links to news related to its games.
*'''[http://www.playonline.com/ff11us/index.shtml FFXI]''' (full: '''Final Fantasy XI''') is an MMO from SquareEnix, being the first MMO of the popular ''Final Fantasy'' series.
*'''[http://www.runescape.com/community Runescape]''' is an older MMO.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/sc2/en/ Starcraft II]''' is a realtime strategy game with a science fiction setting that heavily involves space travel. While technically not an MMO, it has a significant online multiplayer component.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/wow/en/ WoW]''' (full: '''World of Warcraft''') is the definitive MMO, being not only the most popular and one of the longest-running but also the most expansive (having its own spinoff games, comic books, novels, and even figurines), WOW giving the idea of how an MMO should be. A player can choose from a variety of races, each with its own heavy history.
*'''[http://secondlife.com/ Second Life]''' is similar to Habbo, albeit with a bigger suspension of disbelief (one example being that the player does not need to be a human) and in a 3D setting.
*'''[http://www.nationstates.net/ NationStates]''' is a text-based political simulation game. Notably, some of its traffic comes not from the actual game (which is optional), but the extensive set of political, roleplaying, and general forums attached.
*'''[http://www.urbandead.com/ Urban Dead]''' describes itself as "A Massively Multi-Player Web-Based Zombie Apocalypse", which sums it up pretty well.
*'''[http://www.kingdomofloathing.com KoL]''' (full: '''Kingdom of Loathing''') is a comedic browser-based MMO-ish RPG with minimalistic stick-figure art.
*'''{{w|CDC Games}}''' is a Chinese company reputed to be the largest MMORPG distributor.
*'''{{w|Eve Online|EVE Online}}''' is a science fiction MMO which is notable because of its virtual economy.
*'''{{w|Gaia Online|Gaia}}''' or Gaia Online, while not an MMO, is a forum oriented towards pop culture, including video games and Japanese media. Its most notable feature is the heavy customization possible of a member's pixel-art avatar. Its members tend to roleplay a lot, albeit in a more written, story-based form. Gaia has gained a reputation with its members stealing art and causing drama.
*'''{{w|City of Heroes|CoH}}''' or City of Heroes was a superhero-based MMORPG that was shut down November 2012.

Other notable regions include:
*The '''Mountains of Steam''', referring to the game distribution service [http://store.steampowered.com/ Steam] where people could buy and download video games in general, not just MMOs.
*'''River Grind''' refers to "grinding." In most MMOs, the character is a fighter of some sorts, yet starts at a level 1, signifying the character's aptitude level in combat. The character can level up and gain more aptitude levels through earning experience, of which the most reliable and otherwise common way is the process of "grinding," that is, repeatedly fighting opposing monsters (sometimes of a level notably lower that your character's), gaining experience points from winning these battles until your character gains a level, that is, "levels up". While a practical necessity in strengthening the character, this process can be tiresome, hence the expression "grinding."
*'''Spawn Camp''' refers to "spawn points", the places in combat-oriented MMO's tend to produce ("spawn") random AI-powered creatures, and the act of "spawn camping", in which the player character simply stands behind or around the spawn points to fight the enemy creatures as soon as they appear.
*'''Gulf of Lag''' refers to how the MMO can be slowed down a considerable amount due to the large amount of players simultaneously using the same server, this congestion bogging down the server and frustrating the users.
*'''[http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/final-boss-of-the-internet End Guy for the Internet]''' refers to "end bosses," the last — and usually hardest to defeat — "bad guy" in a game (or a section of a game).

===YouTube Region===
The YouTube region refers to websites that are based on user-created content.

'''[https://www.youtube.com/ YouTube]''' is the definitive video website where people can upload videos with the purpose of public viewing, ranging from home movies through official music videos through Let's Plays of people playing video games to questionably-legal uploads of cartoons and films. Google had purchased YouTube.

Many of the sites on the map are just references to {{w|viral video}}s at {{w|YouTube}}:
*'''Viral Shores''' refers to how viral videos (whether they be viral marketing or simply memes) tend to proliferate on YouTube.
*'''Britney''' likely refers to pop singer {{w|Britney Spears}} and the [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHmvkRoEowc‎ "Leave Britney Alone" guy].
*'''Maru Gulf''' refers to Maru the Cat, a YouTube celebrity [http://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/676:_Abstraction also mentioned in xkcd].
*'''Prairie Dog Habitat''' likely refers to the viral video [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1Y73sPHKxw Dramatic Chipmunk] (which is actually a Prairie Dog).
*'''Rick Rolling Hills''' references, well, {{w|Rickrolling}}. More information [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ here]. The "deserted" note likely refers to how Rick Astley himself is tired of the meme, or again, how people tend to leave the video upon getting "Rick Roll'd," never actually going to the video with the express purpose of viewing the video.
*'''Lunar Landing Soundstage''' is, of course, a reference to the {{w|Moon landing conspiracy theories}}, which Randall has railed on before.
*'''{{w|OK Go}} Bay''' refers to the band "OK Go" who have multiple viral music videos on YouTube, most famously [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTAAsCNK7RA "Here it goes again"] featuring treadmills.

The '''HTML5 swamp''' refers to the spotty support of HTML 5 (an update on HTML that is frequently touting its media capabilities, making HTML 5 a viable alternative to Flash) YouTube has. Of course, by the time the comic was written, HTML 5 was still in its infancy. The Music Video Bay refers to the amount of music videos (official or otherwise) are present in YouTube.

Other counties of the YouTube region include:
*'''[https://vimeo.com/ vimeo]''', a website where people tend to showcase artistic content that they made on their own, notably independent studios.

Snob Sound:
*'''[https://secure.flickr.com/ Flickr]''', a website where people can upload and share photographs they took.
*'''[http://fotolog.com Fotolog]''', a photo website very popular in South America in 2004-2008, which was used as a social network.
*'''[http://www.last.fm/ Last.fm]''', a music website that is notable of its "scrobbling" feature.
*'''[http://www.deviantart.com/ deviantArt]''', the largest art website, where people can upload, sell, and buy not only art itself, but also video, audio, Flash-work, and even skins (the original purpose of deviantArt). While many big-name/professional people and organizations have their works in deviantArt, the site is more infamous for the large amount of people who upload low-quality fan-art and fan-characters, most notably of media from Japan. Another point of infamy is the large amount of drama that can happen in the website.

*'''[https://www.newgrounds.com/ Newgrounds]''', a website that hosts art, (Flash-based) videos, audio, and (Flash-based) games to which other users can comment and rate. Even so, content from Newgrounds tends to be obscene, though there is a filtering system if a viewer does not wish to see obscene content.
*'''[http://www.chatroulette.com/ Chatroulette]''' is a website where people are randomly paired up with each other and video/text chat.
*'''{{w|Brickshelf}}''' is the online resource for {{w|LEGO}} fans.
*'''[https://tumblr.com/ Tumblr]''', where people could make a blog and post text, pictures, video, audio, quotes, and links. The most distinguishing feature is the ability to "reblog" these posts from other's people's blogs into the user's own blog. Notable features of Tumblr include sketchblogs (where people upload their sketches), Ask blogs (where people answer questions other users ask, the moderators of these blogs usually pretending to be a character from a form of media), and the large amount of "social justice" (where people fight against racism, sexism, and other forms of negative discrimination). (See also [[1043: Ablogalypse]].)
*'''{{w|b3ta}}''' is a popular British website, described as a "puerile digital arts community" by The Guardian.

The '''Isle of teenagers who just discovered macroeconomics''' is a joke about how teenagers tend to think that the world and the economy are a lot simpler than they actually are. Combined with the typical internet mindset, this leads to a lot of teenagers posting blogs and videos and comments on blogs and videos describing how idiotic the government and other red-tape-related adults are.
The '''Snob Sound''' could refer to the large amount of people who look down on others in the surrounding websites (one example being an original artist looking down on people who draw mainly fan-art). '''The Iraq''' is a reference to Miss Teen USA 2007, Ms. Teen South Carolina - Lauren Katlin said "I believe that our education like such as in South Africa and the Iraq everywhere like such as...the US should help the US and should help South Africa and should help the Iraq and the asian countries so we are able to build up our future." The usage of "the iraq" became a meme.

===Twitter Region===
*'''Bieber Bay''' is a reference to {{w|Justin Bieber}} a pop singer whose singing sprouted on YouTube and became very popular on Twitter and other social media. He is very much vilified because of his rather feminine appearance and his hordes of fans (called "Beliebers") that seem to support him to ridiculous extents. Lately, though, Justin Beiber has taken a "bad boy" attitude because of all the Beliebers who are willing to defend him no matter what, him partaking in a lot of questionable activities that include tattoos, questionably-legal substances, and buying prostitution, thus lowering his popularity in the general populace.
*'''{{w|Google Buzz}}''' is a former social network attempted by Google. It has since been shut down.
*'''Bit.Ly Mountains''' is a reference to the URL shortening service {{w|bit.ly}}.
*'''Kanye's Isle of Sadness''' is a reference to the musician {{w|Kanye West}}, whose Twitter, at the time, was [http://www.buzzfeed.com/mlew15/25-of-kanye-wests-most-thought-provoking-tweets-h0se famously introspective and stream-of-consciousness].
*'''Sarah Palin USA''' is the Twitter handle of former politician {{w|Sarah Palin}}.
*'''Clueless Politician Coast''' is a reference to the number of politicians on Twitter and other social networks who repeatedly share clueless updates that more often create an uproar than help their election chances.
*'''Desert of Food Updates''' is a reference to the number of pictures of food that are shared on social media (especially Twitter). There has even been some controversy on posting such pictures.
*'''Journalists Trying to Find the Cutting Edge''' is referencing journalists on Twitter trying to keep up with the way that news is gathered and delivered now, despite usually working for a newspaper that publishes once a day.
*'''{{w|SHAQ}}''' is a reference to the former NBA basketball player, {{w|Shaq}}.
*'''{{w|identi.ca}}''' is an open source social networking and micro-blogging service, being an alternative to Twitter.
*''' Breaking! Waves''' is a pun on the fact that so many people used the word "Breaking" at the beginning of tweets that do not warrant that tag that the word has lost most of its meaning and become a joke. It is a pun because waves "break" on the shore.
*'''Web 3.0''' refers to the unofficial term {{w|Web 2.0}}. In this case, "Web 1.0" refers to websites that give information to users. Web 2.0 refers to websites where the users themselves create content. Web 3.0 has sometimes been used as a term. For {{w|semantic web}}, a machine-readable version of the web, but this usage is far from universal.
*'''Hashtag games whose popularity confuses and depresses you''' refers to the game where a user posts something under a particular hashtag and others respond with their own ideas, all tagged under the same phrase. This has been very popular for no clear reason, as Randall notes.

===Geotagged Bay===
*'''{{w|Yelp}}''' is a website where people post reviews of real-life public locations (one example being restaurants).
*'''{{w|Geocaching}}''' is a worldwide GPS scavenger hunt where users upload positions of caches and others will find them and log it online.
*'''{{w|Foursquare}}''' is a location-based social network.
*'''Latitude''' refers to {{w|Google Latitude}}.

===Troll Bay and the Sea of Memes===
*'''{{w|Reddit}}''' is the self-described "front page of the Internet" in which users submit stories, photos and videos and the best are "up-voted" to the top of the page.
*'''{{w|Help:Using talk pages|Wikipedia Talk Pages}}''' refer to the pages where Wikipedia editors discuss how to improve articles.
*'''{{w|Wikia}}''' is a 3rd party wiki software, used in the making of the user-editable encyclopedias of just about any subject matter.
*'''{{w|StumbleUpon}}''' is a website-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Delicious (website)|Delicious}}''' is a bookmarking and bookmark-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Digg}}''' is a former competitor to Reddit in the social-news sphere, but now has been sold and restarted as an aggregator of news stories.
*'''{{w|Slashdot}}''', labeled "/." on the map, is a technical news site.
*'''{{w|Fark}}''' is a community website that allows members to comment on news articles from other sites.
*'''{{w|YTMND}}''' is an acronym for "You're The Man Now, Dog!" It's also a community in which users can create meme-type nonsense by playing music over an image (either static or animated).

===Skype Region===
The Skype Region refers to different IM, or Instant Messaging services, that enable almost-real-time text chatting between multiple people. These often allow services like voice chat and even video calls.

*'''{{w|Skype}}''' is, according to Randall, the most popular of these among the internet. It has many features to allow peer-to-peer voice chats, as well as allowing calls to be made at a price to actual phones.
*'''{{w|AIM}}''' or AOL Instant Messenger is a chat client created by AOL.
*'''GG''' is {{w|Gadu-Gadu}} and instant messenger client popular in Poland.
*'''{{w|Yahoo Messenger}}''' is an instant messenger client by Yahoo.
*'''{{w|Google Talk}}''' is a voice/video chatting service from Google (that Google has been replacing with Hangouts). Google Talk also has an invasion fleet at its shores.
*'''{{w|ICQ}}''' is an older messaging service, albeit with an 18+ requirement (despite pornography not being the point of ICQ).
*'''{{w|Windows Live Messenger}}''', or "MSN", was the messaging service of Microsoft before Microsoft bought Skype. MSN was useful in that people could draw and send pictures to other chatters.
*'''{{w|UseNet}}''' was one of the original ways to communicate on the internet, though people can download (copyrighted) files through the service. Since it is still in use by some, it gets the tag "Still Around!" on the map.
*'''{{w|IRC}} Isles''' refers to the ancestor of Internet-powered chatting. People would have connected to a server and spoke publicly. IRC is still in use (per 2014, notably in getting help from users4. One of those isles is #xkcd which is an IRC community around [[xkcd]].

===Bay of Drama===
*'''{{w|FanFiction.net}}''' is a website where people can submit their fanfiction (stories by fans written about other peoples' media, normally that about popular media). The website tend to have people that are not helpful to those who legitimately want critique of their own stories.
*'''{{w|Xanga}}''' is a blogging service that, while popular at its time, lost out to...
*'''{{w|LiveJournal}}''' was the most popular blogging service before Tumblr.
*'''ONYD''' - Reference to {{w|Oh No You Didn't}}, which is explained in the Blogosphere region.
*'''{{w|Dreamwidth}}''' is a LiveJournal fork emphasizing its open-source nature.

===Blogosphere===
The Blogosphere region contains several general {{w|blog}} topics.
*'''{{w|photo blog|Photo Blogs}}''' are commonly used to chronicle the lives of the authors through photographs.
*'''Diary Blogs''' are another popular use of blogs (and, in fact, the original use) where authors write commentary about their lives.
*'''Bay of Grammar Pedantry''' deals with the fact that, whether due to a lack of proper education, a habit of using "chat-speak" in the text-limited SMS and MMS, or simply due to the (generally) more relaxed nature of the Internet, blog authors tend to write with horrible composition, a point of annoyment to a lot of other people due to the subsequent increased difficulty of reading the horribly-written material.
*'''Fandom Blogs''' are blogs created by a "{{w|fandom}}" which is a community of fans. A fandom blog deals with the subject matter of the respective fandom.
*'''Sea of Zero (0) Comments''' refers to blogs that get very little attention and therefore have no comments.
*'''SpamBlog Straits''' references spammers who use blogs to increase the number of links to their site to try to game search engines.
*'''OffTopic.com''' is a general interest forum that refers to itself as "the largest general discussion forum on the internet."
*Many more straightforward blogs, including:
**'''Writing/Poetry'''
**'''Gossip Blogs'''
**'''Political Blogs'''
**'''Music Blogs'''
**'''Tech Blogs'''
**'''Business Blogs'''
**'''Corporate Blogs'''
**'''Religious Blogs'''
**'''Miscellaneous Blogs'''
*'''Blog Blogs''' - These can refer to blogs that talk about the matter about blogging itself, though they can also refer to blogs which authors use in talking about blogging.

===Blogosphere (Core Region)===
Gossip Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on gossip surrounding celebrities and other well-known persons.
*'''{{w|Jezebel}}''' is a liberally feminist blog, hosted by Gawker.
*'''{{w|deadline.com|Deadline}}''' is an online entertainment news magazine.
*'''{{w|TMZ}}''' is a celebrity news website.
*'''{{w|Gawker}}''' is a blog that is the host of other blogs.
*'''LJ Oh No They Didn't''' - LiveJournal {{w|Oh No They Didn't}} - Oh No They Didn't, also known as ONTD, is the largest community on LiveJournal with over 100,000 members. The community focuses on celebrity gossip and pop culture with most of its posts aggregated from other gossip blogs.
*'''Doucheblog''' refers to blogs that were once insightful but that spiraled into long rants due to relationship changes of their authors.
*'''Isle of Mockery''' is a reference to the fact that some of what these blogs do is mock celebrities or other for doing or saying stupid things on camera.

Liberal Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "liberal" or "progressive" slant. These blogs tend to lean for the Democratic party.
*'''{{w|Huffington Post}}''' is a news blog.
*'''{{w|Paul Krugman}}''' is an American economist who considers himself a liberal.
*'''{{w|Daily Beast}}''' is a news and opinion website focusing on politics and pop culture.
*'''{{w|Talking Points Memo|TPM}}''' is a political journal run by Josh Marshall.
*'''{{w|Ezra Klein}}''' used to have his own site at the Washington Post, but is now the editor of [Vox.com].
*'''{{w|Think Progress}}''' is a political news blog.
*'''{{w|Daily Kos|Kos}}''' is another political blog.

Bay of Flame:
*'''{{w|Politics Daily}}''' is a political journalism website launched by AOL.
*'''CNN Political Ticker''' is CNN's political blog.
*'''{{w|Mediaite}}''' is a news and opinion blog covering politics and entertainment in the media.
*'''{{w|NY Times}}''' is one of the most famous newspapers, thus the comparatively large size of its island.
*'''{{w|The Talk}}''' is a talk show on CBS that discusses the latest headlines "through the eyes of mothers."
*Libertarian Isle (shaped like a {{w|Nolan Chart}})

Conservative Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "conservative" or Republican slant.
*'''{{w|Pajamas Media}}''' is a media company and operator of conservative news.
*'''{{w|Michelle Malkin}}''' is a conservative blogger, political commentator, and author.
*'''{{w|Hot Air}}''' is a news blog founded by Michelle Malkin.
*'''{{w|RedState|Red State}}''' is a political blog.
*'''{{w|American Thinker}}''' is a daily online magazine focused on politics.
*'''{{w|Townhall}}''' is a web publication and print magazine.

Tech Blogs:
*'''{{w|Boy Genius Report}}''' is a weblog that focuses on technology and consumer gadgets.
*'''{{w|Gizmodo}}''' is a news and opinion blog, hosted by Gawker, that talks about life's more technological matters.
*'''{{w|Engadget}}''' is another technology-oriented, albeit independent, blog.
*'''Crunchgear''' is a blog that reviews gadgets and other hardware.
*'''{{w|Techcrunch}}''' is an online publisher of technology industry news.
*'''{{w|Joystiq}}''' is a news and opinion blog that focuses on gaming.
*'''{{w|Kotaku}}''' is another gaming-oriented news/opinion blog, the main difference beig that Kotaku is owned by Gawker.

Assorted:
*'''{{w|BoingBoing}}''' is "i blog about wonderful things", the topics being quite random.
*'''{{w|Lifehacker}}''' is another Gawker blog, is a blog that teaches people how to simplify their lives through 'lifehacking', that is, using their resources in creative wayss. While the subject matter is life in general, there is a significant technological slant.
*'''{{w|Deadspin}}''' is a sports and sports gossip blog founded by Will Leitch.
*'''Meatorama''' is a blog that talks about cooking meat.

===QQ Region===
*'''Baidu Baike''' (「百度百科」, "Baidu Encyclopedia") and '''Hudong''' (「互动百科」, "Interactive Encyclopedia" ) are two Chinese online encyclopedias. Baidu Baike is powered by the same company as Baidu, the search engine popular in China.
* The '''Ma Le Ge Bi''' and the '''Grass Mud Horse Bay''' could refer to the {{w|Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures}}.
* The '''Location of Jia Junpeng''' refers to the Internet meme of {{w|Jia Junpeng}} in 2009 in China.
*'''{{w|Tencent QQ}}''' is a Chinese instant messaging program.
*In English communities "QQ" has several more common definitions:
**An {{w|emoticon}}, representing a face with two large, crying eyes.
**A synonym for "rage quit", in which a video game player quits the game out of sheer frustration. It originated in ''Warcraft II'' multiplayer, where pressing Ctrl+Q+Q would quit the game, and became more widely known in ''World of Warcraft''.
**These definitions are commonly combined, usually to mock the "rage quitter".
*The Gulf of China refers to how sites in the region are based in People's Republic of China ("Red China"). The '''Great Firewall''' refers to {{w|The Great Firewall of China}}, a pun on {{w|The Great Wall of China}}. Similar to how The Great Wall of China was meant to keep intruding nations out of the then-capital of the city, The Great Firewall of China is meant to keep visitors from visiting censored websites. However, either a VPN or remote access to a computer in a "freer" country can circumvent the Firewall. Oddly other Chinese websites (Qzone, Renren etc.) are not enclosed in this zone.

===Forums Islands===
Forums are websites where one person post a topic to which other people can discuss.

While the map has a zoomed in version, this article shall discuss the two bigger islands, first.

*'''[http://www.2ch.net 2channel]''' is a Japanese imageboard that was actually the original inspiration for 4chan.
*'''[http://www.craigslist.org/about/sites Craigslist]''' is a classified advertisement website with sections devoted to just about everything... which formerly included prostitution services, hence the '''The Former Site of Adult Services'''.

In the zoomed-in map, there is...
*'''[https://www.4chan.org/ 4chan.org]''' is an {{w|imageboard}} in which people can upload pictures while others comment on them. The website is infamous for its loose/often non-existent rules, incredibly vulgar userbase, source of new memes, and spawning of trolls. 4chan's random board, known internally as '''/b/''', is almost constantly flooded with porn and image macros. This is why Randall's incarnation of 4chan is shaped like a penis.
*'''420chan''' and '''7chan''', other imageboards in the style of 4chan. Their relative lack of popularity and derivative nature leads a lot of 4chan users to mock them; hence, their position on Randall's map suggests that they're mere wads of semen.
*'''Encyclopedia Dramatica''', labeled '''ED''' on the map, is a wiki site dedicated to chronicling internet memes and other noteworthy sites, events, people, and anything else that catches their attention, their respective articles written in an incredibly arbitrary and vulgar manner. The site is ''heavily'' steeped in the attitude of veteran, vulgar 4chan users. People who have articles in the website tend to react with despair, given not only the cruelty in which the articles talk about the person in question, but the presence of the article means that the person is now an eternal target from the trolls. The user is not in a position of retaliation, since the userbase of Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan tends to overpower the victim easily...
:...usually. Due to the founder's talk against the Australian Aboriginals (the founder is Australian), legal action has gone against the founder to the point of the founder having to shut down Encyclopedia Dramatica, founding the far tamer website Oh, Internet! (which is now shut down), instead. Trolls responded by not only uploading their own mirror of the website but also vilifying the former founder forever.
*'''Tunnel to Habbo''' is a reference to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed the 2006 Habbo Hotel Raids], in which hundreds of 4chan Anons simultaneously logged onto Habbo Hotel and proceeded to be as obnoxious as possible, standing in formations of swastikas and penises or body-blocking the swimming pools.
*'''{{w|Catbus}} Route''' is likely a reference to {{w|Lolcat}}s in general.
*'''[http://www.ebaumsworld.com/ eBaum's World]''' is a media-hosting website founded by Eric Bauman. The site has lost a lot of traffic after (quite valid) accusations of stolen content.
*The gulf labelled '''{{w|Anonymous (group)|Anonymous}}''' is a reference to the trolls that label themselves "Anonymous" who recently had gained national acknowledgement because of the group's real-life tirades, including cracking attacks against the Church of Scientology and the founding of WikiLeaks (a website that leaks confidential material related to governments).
*[http://www.somethingawful.com/ SomethingAwful] is a website that is meant to showcase all things "awful". SomethingAwful also has a large trollbase, but they tend to be more honorable than the ones from Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan. One example is there being a spotty holding of the no-furries rule in the forums. The forums themselves are famous because of the holding of the Let's Plays of [http://lparchive.org/Dangan-Ronpa/ Dangan Ronpa] and [http://danganronpa2mirror.tumblr.com/ Super Dangan Ronpa 2], which had cooked up public interest to the point of there being an English-language release of the games.
Please note that, due to these Let's Plays being in a forums that frequently hides behind a "paywall" that requires a paid account before accessing, the links provided go to their mirrors.

==Transcript==
:'''Map of Online Communities'''
:Size on map represents volume of Daily Social activity (posts, chat, etc). Based on data gathered over the Spring and Summer of 2010.

:[Two insets on the upper left-hand corner shows that this map is a tiny portion of the huge continent of Spoken Language, encompassing portions of the Internet, Email, and Cell Phones (SMS).]

:[The largest landmass on the map by far, which takes up nearly the entire northern half of the map is "Facebook" - with large states in the south-east of the country labeled 'Farmville' and 'Happy Farm'. There is a much smaller state to the west of these called 'Farm Town'. To the north of these states is a large swath of unremarkable land entitled 'Northern Wasteland of Unread Updates.' This is directly north of the large Dopamine Sea.

:A peninsula on the south-west, just below the Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions, houses many tiny states, such as MySpace, Orkut, LinkedIn, Bebo, & Hi5. It is bordered on the south by Buzzword Bay, which contains several islands of varying sizes. Among these are YouTube and Twitter (the largest), which are separated by the Social Media Consultant Channel. To the south-east of Twitter, across the Sea of Protocol Confusion, is another, equally large island. Most of it is Skype, with the north having two largish states called AIM and Windows Live Messenger. On the south-west part of the island are two smaller states called GG and Yahoo Messenger.

:The Island of Skype is extremely close to, but separated by the Great Firewall (a dashed line), the large landmass of QQ. It's north shore is the Gulf of China and Grass Mud Horse Bay. Outside of these bays, over the Great Firewall are two islands called Craigslist and 2Channel.

:In the Dopamine Sea, off the southern shores of Farmville and Happy Farm, is MMO Isle. Its largest state is WoW, with Runescape, Lineage, Maple Story, Habbo, and the Mountains of Steam among its notable landmarks. To the southeast of the island is the Gulf of Lag, in which sits the CDC Games island, with Eve Online.

:To the east of Twitter is Troll Bay, with such islands as Reddit and Reddit, Digg, Stumbleupon, Delicio.us, and Wikipedia Talk Pages. To their south are the IRC isles, of which one is the tiny island of #xkcd.

:East of these islands, and north of Skype island, is the Sea of Memes. In this sea, to the north of Craigslist and 2Channel, is an archipelago of tiny islands. There is an inset, labeled 'Forums.' (See below.)

:To the southwest of Twitter island, in the Sea of Opinions, are the blog islands. These lie south of the islands in Buzzword Bay, as well. The northernmost islands in this group are centered around the Bay of Drama, on which can be found Diary Blogs, Gossip Blogs, and Livejournal. Gossip Blogs share an island with Political, Music, and Tech Blogs. To the north of this island is a smaller island called Photo Blogs. South of Diary Blogs, and off the southwest coast of Music blogs is a smaller island called Fandom Blogs. South of Tech Blogs, off of which sprouts the small peninsula of Business Blogs, is the Spamblog Straits. On the other side of the straits is a large island made up of Miscellaneous Blogs, with two states demarcated as Religious Blogs and Blog Blogs. Southwest of the Blog Islands is the Sea of Zero (0) Comments.]

:[An inset of a group of islands in the sea of memes located on the lower right corner of the map, labeled 'Forums'. The largest by far is 4chan and /b/. Also found here are D2JSP, JLA Frums, Fan Forum, Something Awful, and many smaller ones, too numerous to list here.]

:[The northeastern third of Gossip/Political/Tech Blogs island is another inset labeled 'Blogosphere (Core)'. This can be found on the lower left corner of the map. Two peninsulas in Political Blogs bookend the Bay of Flame -- these are Liberal Blogs and Conservative Blogs. Between them lie several tiny islands such as Politics Daily, CNN Politcal Ticker, and Mediaite. Off the coast of Liberal Blogs lies the island of NYTimes, off the coast of Conservative Blogs is Libertarian Isle. Between the two lies The Talk. The northern peninsula of Tech Blogs contains places such as Gizmodo, Engadget, Joystiq, and Kotaku.]

:[Text found between the two insets, which are directly below the main map.]
:ABOUT THIS MAP
:Communities rise and fall, and total membership numbers are no longer a good measure of a community's current size and health. This updated map uses size to represent total social activity in a community -- that is, how much talking, playing, sharing, or other socializing happens there. This meant some comparing of apples and oranges, but I did my best and tried to be consistent.

:Estimates are based on the numbers I could find, but involved a great deal of guesswork, statistical inference, random sampling, nonrandom sampling, a 20,000-cell spreadsheet, emailing, cajoling, tea-leaf reading, goat sacrifices, and gut instinct (i.e. making things up).

:Sources of data include Google and Bing, Wikipedia, Alexa, Big-Boards.com, StumbleUpon, Wordpress, Akismet, every website statistics page I could find, press releases, news articles, and individual site employees. Thanks in particular to folks at Last.fm, LiveJournal, Reddit, and the New York Times, as well as sysadmins at a number of sites who shared statistics on condition of anonymity.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Large drawings]]
[[Category:Internet]]
[[Category:Online Communities]]
[[Category:Rickrolling]]

802: Online Communities 2

2015-11-24T15:06:00Z

Steammaster: /* Facebook Region */

{{comic
| number = 802
| date = October 6, 2010
| title = Online Communities 2
| image = online_communities_2.png
| titletext = Best trivia I learned while working on this: 'Man, Farmville is so huge! Do you realize it's the second-biggest browser-based social-networking-centered farming game in the WORLD?' Then you wait for the listener to do a double-take.
}}
A [http://xkcd.com/802_large/ larger version] of this picture can be found by clicking the comic on xkcd.
{{TOC}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Not all of the regions are fully explained. Many labels aren't even mentioned outside of the transcript. Some towns need to be added for example.}}
This comic shows a map of internet communities where the size of each region roughly corresponds to its size, and its proximity to other regions indicates similarities.

This is the successor of [[256: Online Communities]]. It differs in that it is updated, and furthermore, instead of using the ''membership'' of whichever service to determine its size on the map, it uses its "daily social activity."

The map actually has two super−maps: the online community map is surrounded by the "countries" of E−Mail and SMS ("Instant Messaging"). These, in turn, are surrounded by the "Spoken Language" country (which is odd, considering that e−mail, SMS, and the Internet in general are based on ''written'' language) with its own sub−country, "cell phones" (which ''do'' involve e−mail and the Internet while being the mean medium of SMS's).

At the title text [[Randall]] explains that, using his definition of "most activity per day," Farmville is actually the ''second'' most popular social-network farming game -- the Chinese game Happy Farm was more popular at the time. This strikes many English-speaking xkcd readers as odd, because Farmville is much more famous, leading one to wonder how the it could not be the most played. The phrase "browser-based social-networking-centered farming game" is an example of an [http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/OverlyNarrowSuperlative overly-narrow superlative.]

===Facebook Region===
The Facebook region deals with social networks, that is, websites oriented towards having people meet.

'''{{w|Facebook}}''' is a social networking site that allows people to meet old real−life friends and make new friends that share similar interests. One of its most notable features is that a member can update a "status" or make normal posts about the happenings of the member's life, complete with pictures, other members "liking" these posts. The size of the Facebook region is not exaggerated; most websites seem to allow "liking" their content or allow/require logging in the website with a Facebook account. There even are cell phones with a "Facebook" button!

*'''{{w|FarmVille}}''' and '''{{w|Farm Town}}''' are Facebook games in which users manage farms. '''{{w|Happy Farm}},''' the Chinese game that inspired the other two, does not require Facebook integration, so it is separated by a solid line from Facebook. The "Unethical Bay" refers to how these games tend to addict players into constantly buying virtual items of questionable value.

*'''People You Can't Unfriend''' refers to people whom, due to real-life expectations and relationships, unfriending them is difficult, no matter how you really feel about them.

*'''Blatherskite River''' refers to the conversations on Facebook, which may be long yet devoid of general meaning or logic.

*'''Data Mines''' refer to the data mining that Facebook does with the interests of its members. This fuels the profitable advertising business at the expense of customer trust.

*'''Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions''' refer to how interactions with family members on Facebook suddenly become more awkward because everyone on Facebook (and sometimes ''off'' Facebook, given that you do not necessarily need to log in if you want to see someone's Facebook account) if you are discussing with your family through post comments.

*'''524,287 Strong for Mersenne Primes''' refers to the communities who gain followers for a cause. A {{w|Mersenne prime}} is a prime number that is 1 less than a power of 2; 524287 is the 7th known Mersenne prime.

*'''Jungle-Bay Mountains of "It's Complicated"''' refers to one of Facebook's options as to what a user's relationship status currently is. A Jungle-Bay Mountain is a complicated and undefined climate, hence the complication.

*'''"Old Facebook" Resistance''' refers to Facebook's earlier users, who have often resisted (and resented) changes made to Facebook as it became more popular.

*'''Privacy Controls''' is located on the map surrounded by a Lava Pool, which is a reference to how difficult it is to find the privacy controls within Facebook.
*'''Niche Market Mountains''' refers to social networks aimed towards more niche markets are located. Similar to how mountains tend to be isolated from mainland, niche social networks tend to be just that: niche, without much interaction with the general populace.
*'''Charred Wasteland of Abandoned Social Networks''' refers to the tons of websites wanting to take advantage of the success of websites like Facebook to compete or even overpower with them. Even so, these websites tend to not have the userbase or even the expertise towards the long-term, hence they become wastelands: environments devoid of life, except the few life forms that are from these wastelands (in this case, the ones who are loyal to the website or which are sadly few).
*In the Charred Wasteland stands '''{{w|Ozymandias}}''', the titular broken statue of Shelley's poem. In the poem, only "two vast and trunkless legs of stone" and a "shattered visage" are all that remain of the once-great statue and both of these features are present in the comic. According to the poem, the pedestal before the broken statue reads "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings..." hence "friend of friends" below Ozymandias on the map.
*In the north are the '''Duckface Mountains''' and the '''Red Cup Mountains'''."Duckface" refers to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/duck-face this incredibly obnoxious facial expression], and "red cup pictures" are any pictures containing party-goers holding disposable red plastic beverage cups. Facebook is absolutely flooded with both types of pictures.
*In the south is '''Buzzword Bay'''. {{w|Buzzword}}s are words and phrases that make you sound a lot more topical than you actually are, used to garner attention; again, Facebook status updates are commonly filled with buzzwords.

While Facebook is the largest "country" of the Facebook Region, there are a lot of smaller "countries" that represent smaller social networks.

*Below Facebook (and "Old Facebook' Resistance") is '''{{w|Diaspora (social network)|Diaspora}}''', a fully open-source, decentralized, privacy-respecting-and-expecting alternative to Facebook. From what this map tells, Diaspora is little-known, even if Facebook is taken out of the context.
*'''{{w|StudiVZ}}''' is a German-speaking social network similar if not a ripped-off version of Facebook.
*'''{{w|XING}}''' is a German-speaking social platform similar to LinkedIn.
*'''{{w|Ning (website)|Ning}}''' is a service to create custom social websites. Its free services shut down in 2010.
*'''{{w|Taringa!}}''' is a Spanish-speaking social network that is based on a forums. Copyrighted material is frequently found there.
*Next to the Euro(pean) Gulf is '''{{w|Skyrock (social network site)}}''', a French-speaking social network.
*'''{{w|Wer-kennt-wen}}''' is a German-social network somewhat like MySpace.
*'''{{w|Nasza-klasa.pl}}''' or NK, is a Polish-speaking social network based on school relationships.
*'''{{w|Badoo}}''' is a social network primarily based on dating and picture-sharing.
*'''{{w|Classmates.com}}''' is a services in which the user can meet classmates that came from the same high school. The website is probably best known by its memetic advertisement that said [http://dudemanphat.blogspot.com/2005/10/how-am-i-supposed-to-care-about-nick.html "She married him??!! And they've got 7 kids??"] (Incidentally, [http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2003325519_adcouple27.html there is more to the coupled picture than what the advertisement says.])
*'''{{w|Myspace}}''' is a social networking website that is a kind of proto-Facebook: users could customize their one-page websites with whatever they wanted, make their interests and daily lives public, and interact with other users. Back in the mid 2000s, MySpace was the largest social network, many people using the website; however, the surprisingly-less-customizable Facebook ended up taking the place of MySpace. The "bands" country of MySpace refers to how a lot of bands in the day advertised and interacted using the website. Indeed, the latest incarnation of MySpace (in terms of 2013) is more oriented towards band members.
*'''{{w|LinkedIn}}''' is a social network aimed towards people in the workplace, which is why it is adjancent to '''Corporate Bay'''.
*'''{{w|Orkut}}''' was one of Google's first social networks before Google made [https://plus.google.com/ Google+]. It shut down in 2014.
*'''{{w|Hi5}}''' is a social network that is very popular among people in Latin America.
*'''{{w|Renren}}''' ('''「人人」''', "people" in Chinese) is "a Chinese copy of Facebook."
*'''{{w|Bebo}}''' was a social network popular in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It went bankrupt in 2013 and will move away from social networking and into apps.
*'''{{w|Friendster}}''' - One of the first major social networks, it has fallen way off in usage in recent years and was eclipsed by MySpace. It is still popular in Asia.
*'''{{w|VK (social networking website)|Vkontakte}}''' or VK, is the second largest social network service in Europe after Facebook. It is available in several languages, but particularly popular among Russian-speaking users around the world.
*'''{{w|Netlog}}''' is a Belgian social networking website specifically targeted at the global youth demographic.
*'''{{w|Mixi}}''' is an online Japanese social networking service.
*'''{{w|Qzone}}''' is a social networking website, which is big in China. According to a report published by Tencent, possibly surpassing other social networking websites like Facebook and MySpace in China.
*'''{{w|Tuenti}}''' is a Spain-based, social networking service, that has been referred to as the "Spanish Facebook."
*'''{{w|Cloob}}''' is a Persian-language social networking website, mainly popular in Iran. After the locally (and internationally) popular social networking website Orkut was blocked by the Iranian government, a series of local sites and networks, including Cloob, emerged to fill the gap.
*'''{{w|Kaixin001}}''' is a social networking website which ranks as the 13th most popular website in China and 67th overall.
*'''{{w|Piczo}}''' was a privately held blog website for teens. In November 2012, Piczo.com shut down.
*'''{{w|Odnoklassniki}}''' is a social network service for classmates and old friends. It is popular in Russia and former Soviet Republics.
*'''{{w|Adult FriendFinder}}''' is a pornographic dating site.
*'''{{w|Match.com}}''' is a dating site, mainly targeted at people looking for marriage.
*'''{{w|Ok Cupid}}''' is another dating site.
*'''{{w|PlentyofFish}}''' is yet another dating site.
*'''{{w|Sulawesi}}''' is a real-life island in the Indonesian archipelago. It also appears in 256: Online Communities.

===MMO Isle===
MMO's (short form of "MMORPG", short form of "Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Player Game") are websites that host online games where multiple people take the role of a character and play in a setting hosted by the website. These types of games tend to be fantastical in setting. Frequently, missions are added to the game, giving current player more incentive towards playing more.

*'''[https://www.habbo.com/ Habbo Hotel]''' is a website where someone creates a human avatar an interacts in a virtual world that is not that different from the one in real life.
*'''[http://www.clubpenguin.com/ Club Penguin]''' is [http://disney.com/ Disney's] MMO where someone creates a penguin avatar and interacts with other in a more polar, cartoony setting. Club Penguin is aimed towards children.
*'''[http://maplestory.nexon.net/ Maple Story]''' is an MMO that has a more natural setting. The most distinguishing feature of Maple Story is its cartoony pixel art.
*'''[http://www.gamefaqs.com/ GameFAQs]''', while not an MMO, is a website that has the largest repository of walkthoughs, that is, guides that help someone beat a game. GameFAQs is notable for not only its large repository of walkthroughs of games that are across an extreme variety of consoles, handhelds, and even computers (not all of them MMOs), but also the drama that is rumoured to happen in the GameFAQs forums.
*'''[http://www.ign.com/ IGN]''' (full: '''Imagine Games Network'''), while also not an MMO, is the largest website that gives news on video games in general, not just MMOs. Each of the games mentioned in the site have pages that have summaries, reviews, screenshots, other art, videos, and links to news related to its games.
*'''[http://www.playonline.com/ff11us/index.shtml FFXI]''' (full: '''Final Fantasy XI''') is an MMO from SquareEnix, being the first MMO of the popular ''Final Fantasy'' series.
*'''[http://www.runescape.com/community Runescape]''' is an older MMO.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/sc2/en/ Starcraft II]''' is a realtime strategy game with a science fiction setting that heavily involves space travel. While technically not an MMO, it has a significant online multiplayer component.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/wow/en/ WoW]''' (full: '''World of Warcraft''') is the definitive MMO, being not only the most popular and one of the longest-running but also the most expansive (having its own spinoff games, comic books, novels, and even figurines), WOW giving the idea of how an MMO should be. A player can choose from a variety of races, each with its own heavy history.
*'''[http://secondlife.com/ Second Life]''' is similar to Habbo, albeit with a bigger suspension of disbelief (one example being that the player does not need to be a human) and in a 3D setting.
*'''[http://www.nationstates.net/ NationStates]''' is a text-based political simulation game. Notably, some of its traffic comes not from the actual game (which is optional), but the extensive set of political, roleplaying, and general forums attached.
*'''[http://www.urbandead.com/ Urban Dead]''' describes itself as "A Massively Multi-Player Web-Based Zombie Apocalypse", which sums it up pretty well.
*'''[http://www.kingdomofloathing.com KoL]''' (full: '''Kingdom of Loathing''') is a comedic browser-based MMO-ish RPG with minimalistic stick-figure art.
*'''{{w|CDC Games}}''' is a Chinese company reputed to be the largest MMORPG distributor.
*'''{{w|Eve Online|EVE Online}}''' is a science fiction MMO which is notable because of its virtual economy.
*'''{{w|Gaia Online|Gaia}}''' or Gaia Online, while not an MMO, is a forum oriented towards pop culture, including video games and Japanese media. Its most notable feature is the heavy customization possible of a member's pixel-art avatar. Its members tend to roleplay a lot, albeit in a more written, story-based form. Gaia has gained a reputation with its members stealing art and causing drama.
*'''{{w|City of Heroes|CoH}}''' or City of Heroes was a superhero-based MMORPG that was shut down November 2012.

Other notable regions include:
*The '''Mountains of Steam''', referring to the game distribution service [http://store.steampowered.com/ Steam] where people could buy and download video games in general, not just MMOs.
*'''River Grind''' refers to "grinding." In most MMOs, the character is a fighter of some sorts, yet starts at a level 1, signifying the character's aptitude level in combat. The character can level up and gain more aptitude levels through earning experience, of which the most reliable and otherwise common way is the process of "grinding," that is, repeatedly fighting opposing monsters (sometimes of a level notably lower that your character's), gaining experience points from winning these battles until your character gains a level, that is, "levels up". While a practical necessity in strengthening the character, this process can be tiresome, hence the expression "grinding."
*'''Spawn Camp''' refers to "spawn points", the places in combat-oriented MMO's tend to produce ("spawn") random AI-powered creatures, and the act of "spawn camping", in which the player character simply stands behind or around the spawn points to fight the enemy creatures as soon as they appear.
*'''Gulf of Lag''' refers to how the MMO can be slowed down a considerable amount due to the large amount of players simultaneously using the same server, this congestion bogging down the server and frustrating the users.
*'''[http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/final-boss-of-the-internet End Guy for the Internet]''' refers to "end bosses," the last — and usually hardest to defeat — "bad guy" in a game (or a section of a game).

===YouTube Region===
The YouTube region refers to websites that are based on user-created content.

'''[https://www.youtube.com/ YouTube]''' is the definitive video website where people can upload videos with the purpose of public viewing, ranging from home movies through official music videos through Let's Plays of people playing video games to questionably-legal uploads of cartoons and films. Google had purchased YouTube.

Many of the sites on the map are just references to {{w|viral video}}s at {{w|YouTube}}:
*'''Viral Shores''' refers to how viral videos (whether they be viral marketing or simply memes) tend to proliferate on YouTube.
*'''Britney''' likely refers to pop singer {{w|Britney Spears}} and the [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHmvkRoEowc‎ "Leave Britney Alone" guy].
*'''Maru Gulf''' refers to Maru the Cat, a YouTube celebrity [http://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/676:_Abstraction also mentioned in xkcd].
*'''Prairie Dog Habitat''' likely refers to the viral video [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1Y73sPHKxw Dramatic Chipmunk] (which is actually a Prairie Dog).
*'''Rick Rolling Hills''' references, well, {{w|Rickrolling}}. More information [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ here]. The "deserted" note likely refers to how Rick Astley himself is tired of the meme, or again, how people tend to leave the video upon getting "Rick Roll'd," never actually going to the video with the express purpose of viewing the video.
*'''Lunar Landing Soundstage''' is, of course, a reference to the {{w|Moon landing conspiracy theories}}, which Randall has railed on before.
*'''{{w|OK Go}} Bay''' refers to the band "OK Go" who have multiple viral music videos on YouTube, most famously [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTAAsCNK7RA "Here it goes again"] featuring treadmills.

The '''HTML5 swamp''' refers to the spotty support of HTML 5 (an update on HTML that is frequently touting its media capabilities, making HTML 5 a viable alternative to Flash) YouTube has. Of course, by the time the comic was written, HTML 5 was still in its infancy. The Music Video Bay refers to the amount of music videos (official or otherwise) are present in YouTube.

Other counties of the YouTube region include:
*'''[https://vimeo.com/ vimeo]''', a website where people tend to showcase artistic content that they made on their own, notably independent studios.

Snob Sound:
*'''[https://secure.flickr.com/ Flickr]''', a website where people can upload and share photographs they took.
*'''[http://fotolog.com Fotolog]''', a photo website very popular in South America in 2004-2008, which was used as a social network.
*'''[http://www.last.fm/ Last.fm]''', a music website that is notable of its "scrobbling" feature.
*'''[http://www.deviantart.com/ deviantArt]''', the largest art website, where people can upload, sell, and buy not only art itself, but also video, audio, Flash-work, and even skins (the original purpose of deviantArt). While many big-name/professional people and organizations have their works in deviantArt, the site is more infamous for the large amount of people who upload low-quality fan-art and fan-characters, most notably of media from Japan. Another point of infamy is the large amount of drama that can happen in the website.

*'''[https://www.newgrounds.com/ Newgrounds]''', a website that hosts art, (Flash-based) videos, audio, and (Flash-based) games to which other users can comment and rate. Even so, content from Newgrounds tends to be obscene, though there is a filtering system if a viewer does not wish to see obscene content.
*'''[http://www.chatroulette.com/ Chatroulette]''' is a website where people are randomly paired up with each other and video/text chat.
*'''{{w|Brickshelf}}''' is the online resource for {{w|LEGO}} fans.
*'''[https://tumblr.com/ Tumblr]''', where people could make a blog and post text, pictures, video, audio, quotes, and links. The most distinguishing feature is the ability to "reblog" these posts from other's people's blogs into the user's own blog. Notable features of Tumblr include sketchblogs (where people upload their sketches), Ask blogs (where people answer questions other users ask, the moderators of these blogs usually pretending to be a character from a form of media), and the large amount of "social justice" (where people fight against racism, sexism, and other forms of negative discrimination). (See also [[1043: Ablogalypse]].)
*'''{{w|b3ta}}''' is a popular British website, described as a "puerile digital arts community" by The Guardian.

The '''Isle of teenagers who just discovered macroeconomics''' is a joke about how teenagers tend to think that the world and the economy are a lot simpler than they actually are. Combined with the typical internet mindset, this leads to a lot of teenagers posting blogs and videos and comments on blogs and videos describing how idiotic the government and other red-tape-related adults are.
The '''Snob Sound''' could refer to the large amount of people who look down on others in the surrounding websites (one example being an original artist looking down on people who draw mainly fan-art). '''The Iraq''' is a reference to Miss Teen USA 2007, Ms. Teen South Carolina - Lauren Katlin said "I believe that our education like such as in South Africa and the Iraq everywhere like such as...the US should help the US and should help South Africa and should help the Iraq and the asian countries so we are able to build up our future." The usage of "the iraq" became a meme.

===Twitter Region===
*'''Bieber Bay''' is a reference to {{w|Justin Bieber}} a pop singer whose singing sprouted on YouTube and became very popular on Twitter and other social media. He is very much vilified because of his rather feminine appearance and his hordes of fans (called "Beliebers") that seem to support him to ridiculous extents. Lately, though, Justin Beiber has taken a "bad boy" attitude because of all the Beliebers who are willing to defend him no matter what, him partaking in a lot of questionable activities that include tattoos, questionably-legal substances, and buying prostitution, thus lowering his popularity in the general populace.
*'''{{w|Google Buzz}}''' is a former social network attempted by Google. It has since been shut down.
*'''Bit.Ly Mountains''' is a reference to the URL shortening service {{w|bit.ly}}.
*'''Kanye's Isle of Sadness''' is a reference to the musician {{w|Kanye West}}, whose Twitter, at the time, was [http://www.buzzfeed.com/mlew15/25-of-kanye-wests-most-thought-provoking-tweets-h0se famously introspective and stream-of-consciousness].
*'''Sarah Palin USA''' is the Twitter handle of former politician {{w|Sarah Palin}}.
*'''Clueless Politician Coast''' is a reference to the number of politicians on Twitter and other social networks who repeatedly share clueless updates that more often create an uproar than help their election chances.
*'''Desert of Food Updates''' is a reference to the number of pictures of food that are shared on social media (especially Twitter). There has even been some controversy on posting such pictures.
*'''Journalists Trying to Find the Cutting Edge''' is referencing journalists on Twitter trying to keep up with the way that news is gathered and delivered now, despite usually working for a newspaper that publishes once a day.
*'''{{w|SHAQ}}''' is a reference to the former NBA basketball player, {{w|Shaq}}.
*'''{{w|identi.ca}}''' is an open source social networking and micro-blogging service, being an alternative to Twitter.
*''' Breaking! Waves''' is a pun on the fact that so many people used the word "Breaking" at the beginning of tweets that do not warrant that tag that the word has lost most of its meaning and become a joke. It is a pun because waves "break" on the shore.
*'''Web 3.0''' refers to the unofficial term {{w|Web 2.0}}. In this case, "Web 1.0" refers to websites that give information to users. Web 2.0 refers to websites where the users themselves create content. Web 3.0 has sometimes been used as a term. For {{w|semantic web}}, a machine-readable version of the web, but this usage is far from universal.
*'''Hashtag games whose popularity confuses and depresses you''' refers to the game where a user posts something under a particular hashtag and others respond with their own ideas, all tagged under the same phrase. This has been very popular for no clear reason, as Randall notes.

===Geotagged Bay===
*'''{{w|Yelp}}''' is a website where people post reviews of real-life public locations (one example being restaurants).
*'''{{w|Geocaching}}''' is a worldwide GPS scavenger hunt where users upload positions of caches and others will find them and log it online.
*'''{{w|Foursquare}}''' is a location-based social network.
*'''Latitude''' refers to {{w|Google Latitude}}.

===Troll Bay and the Sea of Memes===
*'''{{w|Reddit}}''' is the self-described "front page of the Internet" in which users submit stories, photos and videos and the best are "up-voted" to the top of the page.
*'''{{w|Help:Using talk pages|Wikipedia Talk Pages}}''' refer to the pages where Wikipedia editors discuss how to improve articles.
*'''{{w|Wikia}}''' is a 3rd party wiki software, used in the making of the user-editable encyclopedias of just about any subject matter.
*'''{{w|StumbleUpon}}''' is a website-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Delicious (website)|Delicious}}''' is a bookmarking and bookmark-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Digg}}''' is a former competitor to Reddit in the social-news sphere, but now has been sold and restarted as an aggregator of news stories.
*'''{{w|Slashdot}}''', labeled "/." on the map, is a technical news site.
*'''{{w|Fark}}''' is a community website that allows members to comment on news articles from other sites.
*'''{{w|YTMND}}''' is an acronym for "You're The Man Now, Dog!" It's also a community in which users can create meme-type nonsense by playing music over an image (either static or animated).

===Skype Region===
The Skype Region refers to different IM, or Instant Messaging services, that enable almost-real-time text chatting between multiple people. These often allow services like voice chat and even video calls.

*'''{{w|Skype}}''' is, according to Randall, the most popular of these among the internet. It has many features to allow peer-to-peer voice chats, as well as allowing calls to be made at a price to actual phones.
*'''{{w|AIM}}''' or AOL Instant Messenger is a chat client created by AOL.
*'''GG''' is {{w|Gadu-Gadu}} and instant messenger client popular in Poland.
*'''{{w|Yahoo Messenger}}''' is an instant messenger client by Yahoo.
*'''{{w|Google Talk}}''' is a voice/video chatting service from Google (that Google has been replacing with Hangouts). Google Talk also has an invasion fleet at its shores.
*'''{{w|ICQ}}''' is an older messaging service, albeit with an 18+ requirement (despite pornography not being the point of ICQ).
*'''{{w|Windows Live Messenger}}''', or "MSN", was the messaging service of Microsoft before Microsoft bought Skype. MSN was useful in that people could draw and send pictures to other chatters.
*'''{{w|UseNet}}''' was one of the original ways to communicate on the internet, though people can download (copyrighted) files through the service. Since it is still in use by some, it gets the tag "Still Around!" on the map.
*'''{{w|IRC}} Isles''' refers to the ancestor of Internet-powered chatting. People would have connected to a server and spoke publicly. IRC is still in use (per 2014, notably in getting help from users4. One of those isles is #xkcd which is an IRC community around [[xkcd]].

===Bay of Drama===
*'''{{w|FanFiction.net}}''' is a website where people can submit their fanfiction (stories by fans written about other peoples' media, normally that about popular media). The website tend to have people that are not helpful to those who legitimately want critique of their own stories.
*'''{{w|Xanga}}''' is a blogging service that, while popular at its time, lost out to...
*'''{{w|LiveJournal}}''' was the most popular blogging service before Tumblr.
*'''ONYD''' - Reference to {{w|Oh No You Didn't}}, which is explained in the Blogosphere region.
*'''{{w|Dreamwidth}}''' is a LiveJournal fork emphasizing its open-source nature.

===Blogosphere===
The Blogosphere region contains several general {{w|blog}} topics.
*'''{{w|photo blog|Photo Blogs}}''' are commonly used to chronicle the lives of the authors through photographs.
*'''Diary Blogs''' are another popular use of blogs (and, in fact, the original use) where authors write commentary about their lives.
*'''Bay of Grammar Pedantry''' deals with the fact that, whether due to a lack of proper education, a habit of using "chat-speak" in the text-limited SMS and MMS, or simply due to the (generally) more relaxed nature of the Internet, blog authors tend to write with horrible composition, a point of annoyment to a lot of other people due to the subsequent increased difficulty of reading the horribly-written material.
*'''Fandom Blogs''' are blogs created by a "{{w|fandom}}" which is a community of fans. A fandom blog deals with the subject matter of the respective fandom.
*'''Sea of Zero (0) Comments''' refers to blogs that get very little attention and therefore have no comments.
*'''SpamBlog Straits''' references spammers who use blogs to increase the number of links to their site to try to game search engines.
*'''OffTopic.com''' is a general interest forum that refers to itself as "the largest general discussion forum on the internet."
*Many more straightforward blogs, including:
**'''Writing/Poetry'''
**'''Gossip Blogs'''
**'''Political Blogs'''
**'''Music Blogs'''
**'''Tech Blogs'''
**'''Business Blogs'''
**'''Corporate Blogs'''
**'''Religious Blogs'''
**'''Miscellaneous Blogs'''
*'''Blog Blogs''' - These can refer to blogs that talk about the matter about blogging itself, though they can also refer to blogs which authors use in talking about blogging.

===Blogosphere (Core Region)===
Gossip Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on gossip surrounding celebrities and other well-known persons.
*'''{{w|Jezebel}}''' is a liberally feminist blog, hosted by Gawker.
*'''{{w|deadline.com|Deadline}}''' is an online entertainment news magazine.
*'''{{w|TMZ}}''' is a celebrity news website.
*'''{{w|Gawker}}''' is a blog that is the host of other blogs.
*'''LJ Oh No They Didn't''' - LiveJournal {{w|Oh No They Didn't}} - Oh No They Didn't, also known as ONTD, is the largest community on LiveJournal with over 100,000 members. The community focuses on celebrity gossip and pop culture with most of its posts aggregated from other gossip blogs.
*'''Doucheblog''' refers to blogs that were once insightful but that spiraled into long rants due to relationship changes of their authors.
*'''Isle of Mockery''' is a reference to the fact that some of what these blogs do is mock celebrities or other for doing or saying stupid things on camera.

Liberal Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "liberal" or "progressive" slant. These blogs tend to lean for the Democratic party.
*'''{{w|Huffington Post}}''' is a news blog.
*'''{{w|Paul Krugman}}''' is an American economist who considers himself a liberal.
*'''{{w|Daily Beast}}''' is a news and opinion website focusing on politics and pop culture.
*'''{{w|Talking Points Memo|TPM}}''' is a political journal run by Josh Marshall.
*'''{{w|Ezra Klein}}''' used to have his own site at the Washington Post, but is now the editor of [Vox.com].
*'''{{w|Think Progress}}''' is a political news blog.
*'''{{w|Daily Kos|Kos}}''' is another political blog.

Bay of Flame:
*'''{{w|Politics Daily}}''' is a political journalism website launched by AOL.
*'''CNN Political Ticker''' is CNN's political blog.
*'''{{w|Mediaite}}''' is a news and opinion blog covering politics and entertainment in the media.
*'''{{w|NY Times}}''' is one of the most famous newspapers, thus the comparatively large size of its island.
*'''{{w|The Talk}}''' is a talk show on CBS that discusses the latest headlines "through the eyes of mothers."
*Libertarian Isle (shaped like a {{w|Nolan Chart}})

Conservative Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "conservative" or Republican slant.
*'''{{w|Pajamas Media}}''' is a media company and operator of conservative news.
*'''{{w|Michelle Malkin}}''' is a conservative blogger, political commentator, and author.
*'''{{w|Hot Air}}''' is a news blog founded by Michelle Malkin.
*'''{{w|RedState|Red State}}''' is a political blog.
*'''{{w|American Thinker}}''' is a daily online magazine focused on politics.
*'''{{w|Townhall}}''' is a web publication and print magazine.

Tech Blogs:
*'''{{w|Boy Genius Report}}''' is a weblog that focuses on technology and consumer gadgets.
*'''{{w|Gizmodo}}''' is a news and opinion blog, hosted by Gawker, that talks about life's more technological matters.
*'''{{w|Engadget}}''' is another technology-oriented, albeit independent, blog.
*'''Crunchgear''' is a blog that reviews gadgets and other hardware.
*'''{{w|Techcrunch}}''' is an online publisher of technology industry news.
*'''{{w|Joystiq}}''' is a news and opinion blog that focuses on gaming.
*'''{{w|Kotaku}}''' is another gaming-oriented news/opinion blog, the main difference beig that Kotaku is owned by Gawker.

Assorted:
*'''{{w|BoingBoing}}''' is "i blog about wonderful things", the topics being quite random.
*'''{{w|Lifehacker}}''' is another Gawker blog, is a blog that teaches people how to simplify their lives through 'lifehacking', that is, using their resources in creative wayss. While the subject matter is life in general, there is a significant technological slant.
*'''{{w|Deadspin}}''' is a sports and sports gossip blog founded by Will Leitch.
*'''Meatorama''' is a blog that talks about cooking meat.

===QQ Region===
*'''Baidu Baike''' (「百度百科」, "Baidu Encyclopedia") and '''Hudong''' (「互动百科」, "Interactive Encyclopedia" ) are two Chinese online encyclopedias. Baidu Baike is powered by the same company as Baidu, the search engine popular in China.
* The '''Ma Le Ge Bi''' and the '''Grass Mud Horse Bay''' could refer to the {{w|Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures}}.
* The '''Location of Jia Junpeng''' refers to the Internet meme of {{w|Jia Junpeng}} in 2009 in China.
*'''{{w|Tencent QQ}}''' is a Chinese instant messaging program.
*In English communities "QQ" has several more common definitions:
**An {{w|emoticon}}, representing a face with two large, crying eyes.
**A synonym for "rage quit", in which a video game player quits the game out of sheer frustration. It originated in ''Warcraft II'' multiplayer, where pressing Ctrl+Q+Q would quit the game, and became more widely known in ''World of Warcraft''.
**These definitions are commonly combined, usually to mock the "rage quitter".
*The Gulf of China refers to how sites in the region are based in People's Republic of China ("Red China"). The '''Great Firewall''' refers to {{w|The Great Firewall of China}}, a pun on {{w|The Great Wall of China}}. Similar to how The Great Wall of China was meant to keep intruding nations out of the then-capital of the city, The Great Firewall of China is meant to keep visitors from visiting censored websites. However, either a VPN or remote access to a computer in a "freer" country can circumvent the Firewall. Oddly other Chinese websites (Qzone, Renren etc.) are not enclosed in this zone.

===Forums Islands===
Forums are websites where one person post a topic to which other people can discuss.

While the map has a zoomed in version, this article shall discuss the two bigger islands, first.

*'''[http://www.2ch.net 2channel]''' is a Japanese imageboard that was actually the original inspiration for 4chan.
*'''[http://www.craigslist.org/about/sites Craigslist]''' is a classified advertisement website with sections devoted to just about everything... which formerly included prostitution services, hence the '''The Former Site of Adult Services'''.

In the zoomed-in map, there is...
*'''[https://www.4chan.org/ 4chan.org]''' is an {{w|imageboard}} in which people can upload pictures while others comment on them. The website is infamous for its loose/often non-existent rules, incredibly vulgar userbase, source of new memes, and spawning of trolls. 4chan's random board, known internally as '''/b/''', is almost constantly flooded with porn and image macros. This is why Randall's incarnation of 4chan is shaped like a penis.
*'''420chan''' and '''7chan''', other imageboards in the style of 4chan. Their relative lack of popularity and derivative nature leads a lot of 4chan users to mock them; hence, their position on Randall's map suggests that they're mere wads of semen.
*'''Encyclopedia Dramatica''', labeled '''ED''' on the map, is a wiki site dedicated to chronicling internet memes and other noteworthy sites, events, people, and anything else that catches their attention, their respective articles written in an incredibly arbitrary and vulgar manner. The site is ''heavily'' steeped in the attitude of veteran, vulgar 4chan users. People who have articles in the website tend to react with despair, given not only the cruelty in which the articles talk about the person in question, but the presence of the article means that the person is now an eternal target from the trolls. The user is not in a position of retaliation, since the userbase of Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan tends to overpower the victim easily...
:...usually. Due to the founder's talk against the Australian Aboriginals (the founder is Australian), legal action has gone against the founder to the point of the founder having to shut down Encyclopedia Dramatica, founding the far tamer website Oh, Internet! (which is now shut down), instead. Trolls responded by not only uploading their own mirror of the website but also vilifying the former founder forever.
*'''Tunnel to Habbo''' is a reference to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed the 2006 Habbo Hotel Raids], in which hundreds of 4chan Anons simultaneously logged onto Habbo Hotel and proceeded to be as obnoxious as possible, standing in formations of swastikas and penises or body-blocking the swimming pools.
*'''{{w|Catbus}} Route''' is likely a reference to {{w|Lolcat}}s in general.
*'''[http://www.ebaumsworld.com/ eBaum's World]''' is a media-hosting website founded by Eric Bauman. The site has lost a lot of traffic after (quite valid) accusations of stolen content.
*The gulf labelled '''{{w|Anonymous (group)|Anonymous}}''' is a reference to the trolls that label themselves "Anonymous" who recently had gained national acknowledgement because of the group's real-life tirades, including cracking attacks against the Church of Scientology and the founding of WikiLeaks (a website that leaks confidential material related to governments).
*[http://www.somethingawful.com/ SomethingAwful] is a website that is meant to showcase all things "awful". SomethingAwful also has a large trollbase, but they tend to be more honorable than the ones from Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan. One example is there being a spotty holding of the no-furries rule in the forums. The forums themselves are famous because of the holding of the Let's Plays of [http://lparchive.org/Dangan-Ronpa/ Dangan Ronpa] and [http://danganronpa2mirror.tumblr.com/ Super Dangan Ronpa 2], which had cooked up public interest to the point of there being an English-language release of the games.
Please note that, due to these Let's Plays being in a forums that frequently hides behind a "paywall" that requires a paid account before accessing, the links provided go to their mirrors.

==Transcript==
:'''Map of Online Communities'''
:Size on map represents volume of Daily Social activity (posts, chat, etc). Based on data gathered over the Spring and Summer of 2010.

:[Two insets on the upper left-hand corner shows that this map is a tiny portion of the huge continent of Spoken Language, encompassing portions of the Internet, Email, and Cell Phones (SMS).]

:[The largest landmass on the map by far, which takes up nearly the entire northern half of the map is "Facebook" - with large states in the south-east of the country labeled 'Farmville' and 'Happy Farm'. There is a much smaller state to the west of these called 'Farm Town'. To the north of these states is a large swath of unremarkable land entitled 'Northern Wasteland of Unread Updates.' This is directly north of the large Dopamine Sea.

:A peninsula on the south-west, just below the Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions, houses many tiny states, such as MySpace, Orkut, LinkedIn, Bebo, & Hi5. It is bordered on the south by Buzzword Bay, which contains several islands of varying sizes. Among these are YouTube and Twitter (the largest), which are separated by the Social Media Consultant Channel. To the south-east of Twitter, across the Sea of Protocol Confusion, is another, equally large island. Most of it is Skype, with the north having two largish states called AIM and Windows Live Messenger. On the south-west part of the island are two smaller states called GG and Yahoo Messenger.

:The Island of Skype is extremely close to, but separated by the Great Firewall (a dashed line), the large landmass of QQ. It's north shore is the Gulf of China and Grass Mud Horse Bay. Outside of these bays, over the Great Firewall are two islands called Craigslist and 2Channel.

:In the Dopamine Sea, off the southern shores of Farmville and Happy Farm, is MMO Isle. Its largest state is WoW, with Runescape, Lineage, Maple Story, Habbo, and the Mountains of Steam among its notable landmarks. To the southeast of the island is the Gulf of Lag, in which sits the CDC Games island, with Eve Online.

:To the east of Twitter is Troll Bay, with such islands as Reddit and Reddit, Digg, Stumbleupon, Delicio.us, and Wikipedia Talk Pages. To their south are the IRC isles, of which one is the tiny island of #xkcd.

:East of these islands, and north of Skype island, is the Sea of Memes. In this sea, to the north of Craigslist and 2Channel, is an archipelago of tiny islands. There is an inset, labeled 'Forums.' (See below.)

:To the southwest of Twitter island, in the Sea of Opinions, are the blog islands. These lie south of the islands in Buzzword Bay, as well. The northernmost islands in this group are centered around the Bay of Drama, on which can be found Diary Blogs, Gossip Blogs, and Livejournal. Gossip Blogs share an island with Political, Music, and Tech Blogs. To the north of this island is a smaller island called Photo Blogs. South of Diary Blogs, and off the southwest coast of Music blogs is a smaller island called Fandom Blogs. South of Tech Blogs, off of which sprouts the small peninsula of Business Blogs, is the Spamblog Straits. On the other side of the straits is a large island made up of Miscellaneous Blogs, with two states demarcated as Religious Blogs and Blog Blogs. Southwest of the Blog Islands is the Sea of Zero (0) Comments.]

:[An inset of a group of islands in the sea of memes located on the lower right corner of the map, labeled 'Forums'. The largest by far is 4chan and /b/. Also found here are D2JSP, JLA Frums, Fan Forum, Something Awful, and many smaller ones, too numerous to list here.]

:[The northeastern third of Gossip/Political/Tech Blogs island is another inset labeled 'Blogosphere (Core)'. This can be found on the lower left corner of the map. Two peninsulas in Political Blogs bookend the Bay of Flame -- these are Liberal Blogs and Conservative Blogs. Between them lie several tiny islands such as Politics Daily, CNN Politcal Ticker, and Mediaite. Off the coast of Liberal Blogs lies the island of NYTimes, off the coast of Conservative Blogs is Libertarian Isle. Between the two lies The Talk. The northern peninsula of Tech Blogs contains places such as Gizmodo, Engadget, Joystiq, and Kotaku.]

:[Text found between the two insets, which are directly below the main map.]
:ABOUT THIS MAP
:Communities rise and fall, and total membership numbers are no longer a good measure of a community's current size and health. This updated map uses size to represent total social activity in a community -- that is, how much talking, playing, sharing, or other socializing happens there. This meant some comparing of apples and oranges, but I did my best and tried to be consistent.

:Estimates are based on the numbers I could find, but involved a great deal of guesswork, statistical inference, random sampling, nonrandom sampling, a 20,000-cell spreadsheet, emailing, cajoling, tea-leaf reading, goat sacrifices, and gut instinct (i.e. making things up).

:Sources of data include Google and Bing, Wikipedia, Alexa, Big-Boards.com, StumbleUpon, Wordpress, Akismet, every website statistics page I could find, press releases, news articles, and individual site employees. Thanks in particular to folks at Last.fm, LiveJournal, Reddit, and the New York Times, as well as sysadmins at a number of sites who shared statistics on condition of anonymity.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Large drawings]]
[[Category:Internet]]
[[Category:Online Communities]]
[[Category:Rickrolling]]

1527: Humans

2015-05-20T12:31:11Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1527
| date = May 20, 2015
| title = Humans
| image = humans.png
| titletext = At this point, if we're going to keep insisting on portraying dinosaurs as featherless because it's "cooler", it's time to apply that same logic to art involving bald eagles.
}}

==Explanation==
{{Incomplete|Title text explanation needs improvement. Cleaning up required.}}
The comic is set in the future, with two hovering robot 'beings' discussing ancient history, in particular the clothing styles of kings and queens of the now extinct human race. It appears that robot archeologists have unearthed the remains of human civilization, including bones, various artifacts, and some of the more durable writings. The bones gave them a rough idea of what we were like anatomically.

When dinosaur bones were first dug up, the idea that dinosaurs were scaly, reptilian-like creatures was developed with the information available at the time. In recent times, it's been discovered that most dinosaurs actually had feathers (checking the bones carefully shows shafts where the feathers would have attached.)

As this runs counter to the widespread and long-held image of dinosaurs as these dramatic reptiles, the public has been reluctant to accept this new discovery, especially as the addition of feathers conjures up the image of a giant chicken. Had it been discovered that dinosaurs were in fact covered with 6" long razor tipped spikes, people would probably have accepted this immediately as it conforms to the sterotypical dinosaurs as a killing machine.
There have even been attempts to claim that the feathers did not exist.

In the same way, the new information on kings and queens being covered in fabric runs counter to the movie inspired image that the robot on the right had about humans, picturing them as being pink warriors and that they had a leader who could grow metal out of his or her head. (Apparently one of the surviving images of humanity is a crowned monarch.)

Shown the truth, that humans did typically wear clothing, and that a monarch's crown is not part of his or her body, but just a signifying clothing, the robot is disappointed. Humans wearing clothing reduces them, in his opinion, to big silly pillows. Something made of cloth cannot, in this robot's mind, be a significant actor in history.
The robot fails to reason (insofar as a robot can reason) that, among other things, history was what it was, and its wanting things to have been a certain way does not make it so. In addition, just as the clothing-wearing human is more than a mere pillow, a feathered dinosaur is not necessarily merely a giant chicken.

The title text references our failure to change the popular image of dinosaurs to reflect the way they truthfully once were. Randall jokingly suggests that we should apply the same "featherless is cooler" logic to popular images of Bald Eagles (the name says they're bald!), and remove their feathers, leaving them bald and horrible-looking.

==Transcript==
:[Two robots are hovering in mid-air in the comic]
:Robot 1: You know, new research suggests ancient human kings and queens were covered in colorful fabric.
:Robot 2: Ugh, I like '''movie''' humans more. Screaming pink warriors with metal crowns poking through the skin on their heads!
:Robot 2: Now they're, what, big pillows?
:Robot 2: Science ruins everything.
{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Robots]]
[[Category:Science]]

1527: Humans

2015-05-20T12:30:40Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1527
| date = May 20, 2015
| title = Humans
| image = humans.png
| titletext = At this point, if we're going to keep insisting on portraying dinosaurs as featherless because it's "cooler", it's time to apply that same logic to art involving bald eagles.
}}

==Explanation==
{{Incomplete|Title text explanation needs improvement. Cleaning up required.}}
The comic is set in the future, with two hovering robot 'beings' discussing ancient history, in particular the clothing styles of kings and queens of the now extinct human race. It appears that robot archeologists have unearthed the remains of human civilization, including bones, various artifacts, and some of the more durable writings. The bones gave them a rough idea of what we were like anatomically.

When dinosaur bones were first dug up, the idea that dinosaurs were scaly, reptilian-like creatures was developed with the information available at the time. In recent times, it's been discovered that most dinosaurs actually had feathers (checking the bones carefully shows shafts where the feathers would have attached.)

As this runs counter to the widespread and long-held image of dinosaurs as these dramatic reptiles, the public has been reluctant to accept this new discovery, especially as the addition of feathers conjures up the image of a giant chicken. Had it been discovered that dinosaurs were in fact covered with 6" long razor tipped spikes, people would probably have accepted this immediately as it conforms to the sterotypical dinosaurs as a killing machine.
There have even been attempts to claim that the feathers did not exist.

In the same way, the new information on kings and queens being covered in fabric runs counter to the movie inspired image that the robot on the right had about humans, picturing them as being pink warriors and that they had a leader who could grow metal out of his or her head. (Apparently one of the surviving images of humanity is a crowned monarch.)

Shown the truth, that humans did typically wear clothing, and that a monarch's crown is not part of his or her body, but just a signifying clothing, the robot is disappointed. Humans wearing clothing reduces them, in his opinion, to big silly pillows. Something made of cloth cannot, in this robot's mind, be a significant actor in history.
The robot fails to reason (insofar as a robot can reason) that, among other things, history was what it was, and its wanting things to have been a certain way does not make it so. In addition, just as the clothing-wearing human is more than a mere pillow, a feathered dinosaur is not necessarily merely a giant chicken.

The title text references our failure to change the popular image of dinosaurs to reflect the way they truthfully once were, Randall jokingly suggests that we should apply the same "featherless is cooler" logic to popular images of Bald Eagles (the name says they're bald!), and remove their feathers, leaving them bald and horrible-looking.

==Transcript==
:[Two robots are hovering in mid-air in the comic]
:Robot 1: You know, new research suggests ancient human kings and queens were covered in colorful fabric.
:Robot 2: Ugh, I like '''movie''' humans more. Screaming pink warriors with metal crowns poking through the skin on their heads!
:Robot 2: Now they're, what, big pillows?
:Robot 2: Science ruins everything.
{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Robots]]
[[Category:Science]]

1527: Humans

2015-05-20T12:29:08Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1527
| date = May 20, 2015
| title = Humans
| image = humans.png
| titletext = At this point, if we're going to keep insisting on portraying dinosaurs as featherless because it's "cooler", it's time to apply that same logic to art involving bald eagles.
}}

==Explanation==
{{Incomplete|Title text needs explanation. Cleaning up required.}}
The comic is set in the future, with two hovering robot 'beings' discussing ancient history, in particular the clothing styles of kings and queens of the now extinct human race. It appears that robot archeologists have unearthed the remains of human civilization, including bones, various artifacts, and some of the more durable writings. The bones gave them a rough idea of what we were like anatomically.

When dinosaur bones were first dug up, the idea that dinosaurs were scaly, reptilian-like creatures was developed with the information available at the time. In recent times, it's been discovered that most dinosaurs actually had feathers (checking the bones carefully shows shafts where the feathers would have attached.)

As this runs counter to the widespread and long-held image of dinosaurs as these dramatic reptiles, the public has been reluctant to accept this new discovery, especially as the addition of feathers conjures up the image of a giant chicken. Had it been discovered that dinosaurs were in fact covered with 6" long razor tipped spikes, people would probably have accepted this immediately as it conforms to the sterotypical dinosaurs as a killing machine.
There have even been attempts to claim that the feathers did not exist.

In the same way, the new information on kings and queens being covered in fabric runs counter to the movie inspired image that the robot on the right had about humans, picturing them as being pink warriors and that they had a leader who could grow metal out of his or her head. (Apparently one of the surviving images of humanity is a crowned monarch.)

Shown the truth, that humans did typically wear clothing, and that a monarch's crown is not part of his or her body, but just a signifying clothing, the robot is disappointed. Humans wearing clothing reduces them, in his opinion, to big silly pillows. Something made of cloth cannot, in this robot's mind, be a significant actor in history.
The robot fails to reason (insofar as a robot can reason) that, among other things, history was what it was, and its wanting things to have been a certain way does not make it so. In addition, just as the clothing-wearing human is more than a mere pillow, a feathered dinosaur is not necessarily merely a giant chicken.

The title text references our failure to change the popular image of dinosaurs to reflect the way they truthfully once were, Randall jokingly suggests that we should apply the same "featherless is cooler" logic to popular images of Bald Eagles (the name says they're bald!), and remove their feathers, leaving them bald and horrible-looking.

==Transcript==
:[Two robots are hovering in mid-air in the comic]
:Robot 1: You know, new research suggests ancient human kings and queens were covered in colorful fabric.
:Robot 2: Ugh, I like '''movie''' humans more. Screaming pink warriors with metal crowns poking through the skin on their heads!
:Robot 2: Now they're, what, big pillows?
:Robot 2: Science ruins everything.
{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Robots]]
[[Category:Science]]

1519: Venus

2015-05-13T12:32:20Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1519
| date = May 1, 2015
| title = Venus
| image = venus.png
| titletext = The sudden introduction of Venusian flowers led to an explosive growth of unusual Earth pollinators, which became known as the "butterfly effect."
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|This explanation requires some touching up.}}
[[Miss Lenhart]] is teaching a class scientifically incorrect information that oppose the majority of currently scientifically acknowledged facts concerning the planet {{w|Venus}}, while using actual scientific terminology incorrectly to support her claims.

In the first panel we see Miss Lenhart teaching the history of Venus. Planetary scientists think that Venus may have had surface water billions of years ago, but it all evaporated due to stronger sunlight, and was eventually lost due to ultraviolet dissociation. However, there is no evidence that Venus ever had fields of flowers, or Venusians, or any other form of life.

In the second panel, {{w|runaway greenhouse effect}} is a play on words. Miss Lenhart uses the term literally and claims the existence of sentient greenhouses actually running away. In reality, the effect caused Venus to develop a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide, which raised its temperature to 460 C (860 F), hotter than daytime on Mercury. Perhaps this caused the burning up all evidence of the once magnificent Venusian flower fields?

The third panel ties the previous distortion into the very real (but unconnected) {{w|Tulip mania|historic reputation}} of the Netherlands as {{w|Netherlands#Agriculture|flower growers}}, as a further fabrication by Miss Lenhart, suggesting the flower industry was in fact started by the Venusians, travelling to Earth.

In the final panel we see that she is a month away from retirement and doesn't care about relaying accurate information anymore. She just want to have a laugh at the expense of the naive school children.

The title text is an incorrect reference to the {{w|butterfly effect}} (a term used in chaos theory describing the way a tiny action can snowball to cause massive distruptuon, a common example being a butterfly flapping its wings in Japan can cause a Tornado in the US), which of course has nothing to do with the fact that {{w|Butterfly|butterflies}} (referred to as "unusual Earth pollinators") help to pollinate flowers on Earth. This is a continuation of Miss Lenhart's false explanations of science and history. It also references the supposed "{{w|venus butterfly}}" sexual position mentioned in the well-known namesake episode of ''LA Law''.

==Transcript==
:[Miss Lenhart is standing in front of an image, presumably a temperate Venus, with greenhouses, grass, flowers and a river flowing into a sea.]
:Miss Lenhart: Venus once was temperate. It had seas and rivers, and Venusians cultivated vast fields of beautiful flowers.

:[The image is now zoomed out to see the entirety of Venus, with continents and oceans. The greenhouses are shown fleeing ("running") away from Venus.]
:Miss Lenhart: Until their greenhouses fled the planet due to the runaway greenhouse effect.

:[Miss Lenhart is now standing in front of a classroom and addressing the students, we see one of these a girl with her hair in a bun, sitting at a desk.]
:Miss Lenhart: The Venusians pursued their greenhouses to Earth, settling in the Netherlands and kickstarting the Dutch floral industry. Any questions?

:Offscreen (Presumably Hair Bun Girl): Because you're retiring in a month, do you just not care what you say anymore?
:Miss Lenhart: ''What?!'' I '''''ride the skies''''' atop a screaming bird of truth! Also, yes, I do not.

==Trivia==
*It is not directly mentioned that it is Miss Lenhart teaching, but her looks and profession fits this character well enough to make this deduction.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Miss Lenhart]]
[[Category:Space]]
[[Category:Puns]]

1519: Venus

2015-05-13T12:28:31Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1519
| date = May 1, 2015
| title = Venus
| image = venus.png
| titletext = The sudden introduction of Venusian flowers led to an explosive growth of unusual Earth pollinators, which became known as the "butterfly effect."
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|This explanation requires some touching up.}}
[[Miss Lenhart]] is teaching a class scientifically incorrect information that oppose the majority of currently scientifically acknowledged facts concerning the planet {{w|Venus}}, while using actual scientific terminology incorrectly to support her claims.

In the first panel we see Miss Lenhart teaching the history of Venus. Planetary scientists think that Venus may have had surface water billions of years ago, but it all evaporated due to stronger sunlight, and was eventually lost due to ultraviolet dissociation. However, there is no evidence that Venus ever had fields of flowers, or Venusians, or any other form of life.

In the second panel, {{w|runaway greenhouse effect}} is a play on words. Miss Lenhart uses the term literally and claims the existence of sentient greenhouses actually running away. In reality, the effect caused Venus to develop a thick atmosphere of carbon dioxide, which raised its temperature to 460 C (860 F), hotter than daytime on Mercury. Perhaps this caused the burning up all evidence of the once magnificent Venusian flower fields?

The third panel ties the previous distortion into the very real (but unconnected) {{w|Tulip mania|historic reputation}} of the Netherlands as {{w|Netherlands#Agriculture|flower growers}}, as a further fabrication by Miss Lenhart. In the final panel we see that she is a month away from retirement and doesn't care about relaying accurate information anymore.

The title text is an incorrect reference to the {{w|butterfly effect}} (a term used in chaos theory), which of course has nothing to do with the fact that {{w|Butterfly|butterflies}} (referred to as "unusual Earth pollinators") help to pollinate flowers on Earth. This is a continuation of Miss Lenhart's false explanations of science and history. It also references the supposed "{{w|venus butterfly}}" sexual position mentioned in the well-known namesake episode of ''LA Law''.

==Transcript==
:[Miss Lenhart is standing in front of an image, presumably a temperate Venus, with greenhouses, grass, flowers and a river flowing into a sea.]
:Miss Lenhart: Venus once was temperate. It had seas and rivers, and Venusians cultivated vast fields of beautiful flowers.

:[The image is now zoomed out to see the entirety of Venus, with continents and oceans. The greenhouses are shown fleeing ("running") away from Venus.]
:Miss Lenhart: Until their greenhouses fled the planet due to the runaway greenhouse effect.

:[Miss Lenhart is now standing in front of a classroom and addressing the students, we see one of these a girl with her hair in a bun, sitting at a desk.]
:Miss Lenhart: The Venusians pursued their greenhouses to Earth, settling in the Netherlands and kickstarting the Dutch floral industry. Any questions?

:Offscreen (Presumably Hair Bun Girl): Because you're retiring in a month, do you just not care what you say anymore?
:Miss Lenhart: ''What?!'' I '''''ride the skies''''' atop a screaming bird of truth! Also, yes, I do not.

==Trivia==
*It is not directly mentioned that it is Miss Lenhart teaching, but her looks and profession fits this character well enough to make this deduction.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Miss Lenhart]]
[[Category:Space]]
[[Category:Puns]]

802: Online Communities 2

2015-04-27T19:31:41Z

Steammaster: /* Facebook Region */

{{comic
| number = 802
| date = October 6, 2010
| title = Online Communities 2
| image = online_communities_2.png
| titletext = Best trivia I learned while working on this: 'Man, Farmville is so huge! Do you realize it's the second-biggest browser-based social-networking-centered farming game in the WORLD?' Then you wait for the listener to do a double-take.
}}
A larger version of this picture can be found here: [http://xkcd.com/802_large/ http://xkcd.com/802_large/].
<div class="toclimit-3" style="float:right; margin-left: 10px;"> __TOC__ </div>
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Not all of the regions are fully explained. Many labels aren't even mentioned outside of the transcript. Some towns need to be added for example.}}
This comic shows a map of internet communities where the size of each region roughly corresponds to its size, and its proximity to other regions indicates similarities.

This is the successor of [[256: Online Communities]]. It differs in that it is updated, and furthermore, instead of using the ''membership'' of whichever service to determine its size on the map, it uses its "daily social activity."

The map actually has two super−maps: the online community map is surrounded by the "countries" of E−Mail and SMS ("Instant Messaging"). These, in turn, are surrounded by the "Spoken Language" country (which is odd, considering that e−mail, SMS, and the Internet in general are based on ''written'' language) with its own sub−country, "cell phones" (which ''do'' involve e−mail and the Internet while being the mean medium of SMS's).

At the title text [[Randall]] explains that, using his definition of "most activity per day", Farmville is actually the ''second'' most popular social-network farming game -- the Chinese game Happy Farm was more popular at the time. This strikes many English-speaking xkcd readers as odd, because Farmville is much more famous, leading one to wonder how the it could not be the most played. The phrase "browser-based social-networking-centered farming game" is an example of an [http://tvtropes.org/pmwiki/pmwiki.php/Main/OverlyNarrowSuperlative overly-narrow superlative.]

===Facebook Region===
The Facebook region deals with social networks, that is, websites oriented towards having people meet.

'''{{w|Facebook}}''' is a social networking site that allows people to meet old real−life friends and make new friends that share similar interests. One of its most notable features is that a member can update a "status" or make normal posts about the happenings of the member's life, complete with pictures, other members "liking" these posts. The size of the Facebook region is not exaggerated; most websites seem to allow "liking" their content or allow/require logging in the website with a Facebook account. There even are cell phones with a "Facebook" button!

*'''{{w|FarmVille}}''' and '''{{w|Farm Town}}''' are Facebook games in which users manage farms. '''{{w|Happy Farm}},''' the Chinese game that inspired the other two, does not require Facebook integration, so it is separated by a solid line from Facebook. The "Unethical Bay" refers to how these games tend to addict players into constantly buying virtual items of questionable value.

*The '''People You Can't Unfriend''' refer to people whom, due to real-life expectations and relationships, unfriending them is difficult, no matter how you really feel about them.

*The '''Blatherskite River''' refers to the conversations on Facebook, which may be long yet devoid of general meaning or logic.

*The '''Data Mines''' refer to the data mining that Facebook does with the interests of its members. This fuels the profitable advertising business at the expense of customer trust.

*The '''Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions''' refer to how interactions with family members on Facebook suddenly become more awkward because everyone on Facebook (and sometimes ''off'' Facebook, given that you do not necessarily need to log in if you want to see someone's Facebook account) if you are discussing with your family through post comments.

*The '''524,287 Strong for Mersenne Primes''' refers to the communities who gain followers for a cause. A {{w|Mersenne prime}} is a prime number that is 1 less than a power of 2; 524287 is the 7th known Mersenne prime.

*The '''Jungle-Bay Mountains of "It's Complicated"''' refers to one of Facebook's options as to what a user's relationship status currently is. A Jungle-Bay Mountain is a complicated and undefined climate, hence the complication.

*'''"Old Facebook" Resistance''' refers to Facebook's earlier users, who have often resisted (and resented) changes made to Facebook as it became more popular.

*'''Privacy Controls''' is located on the map surrounded by a Lava Pool, which is a reference to how difficult it is to find the privacy controls within Facebook.
*'''Niche Market Mountains''' refers to social networks aimed towards more niche markets are located. Similar to how mountains tend to be isolated from mainland, niche social networks tend to be just that: niche, without much interaction with the general populace.
*'''Charred Wasteland of Abandoned Social Networks''' refers to the tons of websites wanting to take advantage of the success of websites like Facebook to compete or even overpower with them. Even so, these websites tend to not have the userbase or even the expertise towards the long-term, hence they become wastelands: environments devoid of life, except the few life forms that are from these wastelands (in this case, the ones who are loyal to the website or which are sadly few).
*In the Charred Wasteland stands '''{{w|Ozymandias}}''', the titular broken statue of Shelley's poem. In the poem, only "two vast and trunkless legs of stone" and a "shattered visage" are all that remain of the once-great statue and both of these features are present in the comic. According to the poem, the pedestal before the broken statue reads "My name is Ozymandias, king of kings..." hence "friend of friends" below Ozymandias on the map.
*In the north are the '''Duckface Mountains''' and the '''Red Cup Mountains'''."Duckface" refers to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/duck-face this incredibly obnoxious facial expression], and "red cup pictures" are any pictures containing party-goers holding disposable red plastic beverage cups. Facebook is absolutely flooded with both types of pictures.
*In the south is '''Buzzword Bay'''. {{w|Buzzword}}s are words and phrases that make you sound a lot more topical than you actually are, used to garner attention; again, Facebook status updates are commonly filled with buzzwords.

While Facebook is the largest "country" of the Facebook Region, there are a lot of smaller "countries" that represent smaller social networks.

*Below Facebook (and "Old Facebook' Resistance") is '''{{w|Diaspora (social network)|Diaspora}}''', a fully open-source, decentralized, privacy-respecting-and-expecting alternative to Facebook. From what this map tells, Diaspora is little-known, even if Facebook is taken out of the context.
*'''{{w|StudiVZ}}''' is a German-speaking social network similar if not a ripped-off version of Facebook.
*'''{{w|XING}}''' is a German-speaking social platform similar to LinkedIn.
*'''{{w|Ning (website)|Ning}}''' is a service to create custom social websites. Its free services shut down in 2010.
*'''{{w|Taringa!}}''' is a Spanish-speaking social network that is based on a forums. Copyrighted material is frequently found there.
*Next to the Euro(pean) Gulf is '''{{w|Skyrock (social network site)}}''', a French-speaking social network.
*'''{{w|Wer-kennt-wen}}''' is a German-social network somewhat like MySpace.
*'''{{w|Nasza-klasa.pl}}''' or NK, is a Polish-speaking social network based on school relationships.
*'''{{w|Badoo}}''' is a social network primarily based on dating and picture-sharing.
*'''{{w|Classmates.com}}''' is a services in which the user can meet classmates that came from the same high school. The website is probably best known by its memetic advertisement that said [http://dudemanphat.blogspot.com/2005/10/how-am-i-supposed-to-care-about-nick.html "She married him??!! And they've got 7 kids??"] (Incidentally, [http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2003325519_adcouple27.html there is more to the coupled picture than what the advertisement says.])
*'''{{w|Myspace}}''' is a social networking website that is a kind of proto-Facebook: users could customize their one-page websites with whatever they wanted, make their interests and daily lives public, and interact with other users. Back in the mid 2000s, MySpace was the largest social network, many people using the website; however, the surprisingly-less-customizable Facebook ended up taking the place of MySpace. The "bands" country of MySpace refers to how a lot of bands in the day advertised and interacted using the website. Indeed, the latest incarnation of MySpace (in terms of 2013) is more oriented towards band members.
*'''{{w|LinkedIn}}''' is a social network aimed towards people in the workplace, which is why it is adjancent to '''Corporate Bay'''.
*'''{{w|Orkut}}''' was one of Google's first social networks before Google made [https://plus.google.com/ Google+]. It shut down in 2014.
*'''{{w|Hi5}}''' is a social network that is very popular among people in Latin America.
*'''{{w|Renren}}''' ('''「人人」''', "people" in Chinese) is "a Chinese copy of Facebook."
*'''{{w|Bebo}}''' was a social network popular in the United Kingdom and Ireland. It went bankrupt in 2013 and will move away from social networking and into apps.
*'''{{w|Friendster}}''' - One of the first major social networks, it has fallen way off in usage in recent years and was eclipsed by MySpace. It is still popular in Asia.
*'''{{w|VK (social networking website)|Vkontakte}}''' or VK, is the second largest social network service in Europe after Facebook. It is available in several languages, but particularly popular among Russian-speaking users around the world.
*'''{{w|Netlog}}''' is a Belgian social networking website specifically targeted at the global youth demographic.
*'''{{w|Mixi}}''' is an online Japanese social networking service.
*'''{{w|Qzone}}''' is a social networking website, which is big in China. According to a report published by Tencent, possibly surpassing other social networking websites like Facebook and MySpace in China.
*'''{{w|Tuenti}}''' is a Spain-based, social networking service, that has been referred to as the "Spanish Facebook."
*'''{{w|Cloob}}''' is a Persian-language social networking website, mainly popular in Iran. After the locally (and internationally) popular social networking website Orkut was blocked by the Iranian government, a series of local sites and networks, including Cloob, emerged to fill the gap.
*'''{{w|Kaixin001}}''' is a social networking website which ranks as the 13th most popular website in China and 67th overall.
*'''{{w|Piczo}}''' was a privately held blog website for teens. In November 2012, Piczo.com shut down.
*'''{{w|Odnoklassniki}}''' is a social network service for classmates and old friends. It is popular in Russia and former Soviet Republics.
*'''{{w|Adult FriendFinder}}''' is a pornographic dating site.
*'''{{w|Match.com}}''' is a dating site.
*'''{{w|Ok Cupid}}''' is another dating site.
*'''{{w|PlentyofFish}}''' is yet another dating site.
*'''{{w|Sulawesi}}''' is a real-life island in the Indonesian archipelago. It also appears in 256: Online Communities.

===MMO Isle===
MMO's (short form of "MMORPG", short form of "Massive Multiplayer Online Role-Player Game") are websites that host online games where multiple people take the role of a character and play in a setting hosted by the website. These types of games tend to be fantastical in setting. Frequently, missions are added to the game, giving current player more incentive towards playing more.

*'''[https://www.habbo.com/ Habbo Hotel]''' is a website where someone creates a human avatar an interacts in a virtual world that is not that different from the one in real life.
*'''[http://www.clubpenguin.com/ Club Penguin]''' is [http://disney.com/ Disney's] MMO where someone creates a penguin avatar and interacts with other in a more polar, cartoony setting. Club Penguin is aimed towards children.
*'''[http://maplestory.nexon.net/ Maple Story]''' is an MMO that has a more natural setting. The most distinguishing feature of Maple Story is its cartoony pixel art.
*'''[http://www.gamefaqs.com/ GameFAQs]''', while not an MMO, is a website that has the largest repository of walkthoughs, that is, guides that help someone beat a game. GameFAQs is notable for not only its large repository of walkthroughs of games that are across an extreme variety of consoles, handhelds, and even computers (not all of them MMOs), but also the drama that is rumoured to happen in the GameFAQs forums.
*'''[http://www.ign.com/ IGN]''' (full: '''Imagine Games Network'''), while also not an MMO, is the largest website that gives news on video games in general, not just MMOs. Each of the games mentioned in the site have pages that have summaries, reviews, screenshots, other art, videos, and links to news related to its games.
*'''[http://www.playonline.com/ff11us/index.shtml FFXI]''' (full: '''Final Fantasy XI''') is an MMO from SquareEnix, being the first MMO of the popular ''Final Fantasy'' series.
*'''[http://www.runescape.com/community Runescape]''' is an older MMO.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/sc2/en/ Starcraft II]''' is a realtime strategy game with a science fiction setting that heavily involves space travel. While technically not an MMO, it has a significant online multiplayer component.
*'''[http://us.battle.net/wow/en/ WoW]''' (full: '''World of Warcraft''') is the definitive MMO, being not only the most popular and one of the longest-running but also the most expansive (having its own spinoff games, comic books, novels, and even figurines), WOW giving the idea of how an MMO should be. A player can choose from a variety of races, each with its own heavy history.
*'''[http://secondlife.com/ Second Life]''' is similar to Habbo, albeit with a bigger suspension of disbelief (one example being that the player does not need to be a human) and in a 3D setting.
*'''[http://www.nationstates.net/ NationStates]''' is a text-based political simulation game. Notably, some of its traffic comes not from the actual game (which is optional), but the extensive set of political, roleplaying, and general forums attached.
*'''[http://www.urbandead.com/ Urban Dead]''' describes itself as "A Massively Multi-Player Web-Based Zombie Apocalypse", which sums it up pretty well.
*'''[http://www.kingdomofloathing.com KoL]''' (full: '''Kingdom of Loathing''') is a comedic browser-based MMO-ish RPG with minimalistic stick-figure art.
*'''{{w|CDC Games}}''' is a Chinese company reputed to be the largest MMORPG distributor.
*'''{{w|Eve Online|EVE Online}}''' is a science fiction MMO which is notable because of its virtual economy.
*'''{{w|Gaia Online|Gaia}}''' or Gaia Online, while not an MMO, is a forum oriented towards pop culture, including video games and Japanese media. Its most notable feature is the heavy customization possible of a member's pixel-art avatar. Its members tend to roleplay a lot, albeit in a more written, story-based form. Gaia has gained a reputation with its members stealing art and causing drama.
*'''{{w|City of Heroes|CoH}}''' or City of Heroes was a superhero-based MMORPG that was shut down November 2012.

Other notable regions include:
*The '''Mountains of Steam''', referring to the game distribution service [http://store.steampowered.com/ Steam] where people could buy and download video games in general, not just MMOs.
*'''River Grind''' refers to "grinding." In most MMOs, the character is a fighter of some sorts, yet starts at a level 1, signifying the character's aptitude level in combat. The character can level up and gain more aptitude levels through earning experience, of which the most reliable and otherwise common way is the process of "grinding," that is, repeatedly fighting opposing monsters (sometimes of a level notably lower that your character's), gaining experience points from winning these battles until your character gains a level, that is, "levels up". While a practical necessity in strengthening the character, this process can be tiresome, hence the expression "grinding."
*'''Spawn Camp''' refers to "spawn points", the places in combat-oriented MMO's tend to produce ("spawn") random AI-powered creatures, and the act of "spawn camping", in which the player character simply stands behind or around the spawn points to fight the enemy creatures as soon as they appear.
*'''Gulf of Lag''' refers to how the MMO can be slowed down a considerable amount due to the large amount of players simultaneously using the same server, this congestion bogging down the server and frustrating the users.
*'''[http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/final-boss-of-the-internet End Guy for the Internet]''' refers to "end bosses", the last — and usually hardest to defeat — "bad guy" in a game (or a section of a game).

===YouTube Region===
The YouTube region refers to websites that are based on user-created content.

'''[https://www.youtube.com/ YouTube]''' is the definitive video website where people can upload videos with the purpose of public viewing, ranging from home movies through official music videos through Let's Plays of people playing video games to questionably-legal uploads of cartoons and films. Google had purchased YouTube.

Many of the sites on the map are just references to {{w|viral video}}s at {{w|YouTube}}:
*'''Viral Shores''' refers to how viral videos (whether they be viral marketing or simply memes) tend to proliferate on YouTube.
*'''Britney''' likely refers to pop singer {{w|Britney Spears}} and the [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=kHmvkRoEowc‎ "Leave Britney Alone" guy].
*'''Maru Gulf''' refers to Maru the Cat, a YouTube celebrity [http://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php/676:_Abstraction also mentioned in xkcd].
*'''Prairie Dog Habitat''' likely refers to the viral video [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=a1Y73sPHKxw Dramatic Chipmunk] (which is actually a Prairie Dog).
*'''Rick Rolling Hills''' references, well, {{w|Rickrolling}}. More information [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dQw4w9WgXcQ here]. The "deserted" note likely refers to how Rick Astley himself is tired of the meme, or again, how people tend to leave the video upon getting "Rick Roll'd," never actually going to the video with the express purpose of viewing the video.
*'''Lunar Landing Soundstage''' is, of course, a reference to the {{w|Moon landing conspiracy theories}}, which Randall has railed on before.
*'''{{w|OK Go}} Bay''' refers to the band "OK Go" who have multiple viral music videos on YouTube, most famously [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dTAAsCNK7RA "Here it goes again"] featuring treadmills.

The '''HTML5 swamp''' refers to the spotty support of HTML 5 (an update on HTML that is frequently touting its media capabilities, making HTML 5 a viable alternative to Flash) YouTube has. Of course, by the time the comic was written, HTML 5 was still in its infancy. The Music Video Bay refers to the amount of music videos (official or otherwise) are present in YouTube.

Other counties of the YouTube region include:
*'''[https://vimeo.com/ vimeo]''', a website where people tend to showcase artistic content that they made on their own, notably independent studios.

Snob Sound:
*'''[https://secure.flickr.com/ Flickr]''', a website where people can upload and share photographs they took.
*'''[http://fotolog.com Fotolog]''', a photo website very popular in South America in 2004-2008, which was used as a social network.
*'''[http://www.last.fm/ Last.fm]''', a music website that is notable of its "scrobbling" feature.
*'''[http://www.deviantart.com/ deviantArt]''', the largest art website, where people can upload, sell, and buy not only art itself, but also video, audio, Flash-work, and even skins (the original purpose of deviantArt). While many big-name/professional people and organizations have their works in deviantArt, the site is more infamous for the large amount of people who upload low-quality fan-art and fan-characters, most notably of media from Japan. Another point of infamy is the large amount of drama that can happen in the website.

*'''[https://www.newgrounds.com/ Newgrounds]''', a website that hosts art, (Flash-based) videos, audio, and (Flash-based) games to which other users can comment and rate. Even so, content from Newgrounds tends to be obscene, though there is a filtering system if a viewer does not wish to see obscene content.
*'''[http://www.chatroulette.com/ Chatroulette]''' is a website where people are randomly paired up with each other and video/text chat.
*'''{{w|Brickshelf}}''' is the online resource for {{w|LEGO}} fans.
*'''[https://tumblr.com/ Tumblr]''', where people could make a blog and post text, pictures, video, audio, quotes, and links. The most distinguishing feature is the ability to "reblog" these posts from other's people's blogs into the user's own blog. Notable features of Tumblr include sketchblogs (where people upload their sketches), Ask blogs (where people answer questions other users ask, the moderators of these blogs usually pretending to be a character from a form of media), and the large amount of "social justice" (where people fight against racism, sexism, and other forms of negative discrimination). (See also [[1043: Ablogalypse]].)
*'''{{w|b3ta}}''' is a popular British website, described as a "puerile digital arts community" by The Guardian.

The '''Isle of teenagers who just discovered macroeconomics''' is a joke about how teenagers tend to think that the world and the economy are a lot simpler than they actually are. Combined with the typical internet mindset, this leads to a lot of teenagers posting blogs and videos and comments on blogs and videos describing how idiotic the government and other red-tape-related adults are.
The '''Snob Sound''' could refer to the large amount of people who look down on others in the surrounding websites (one example being an original artist looking down on people who draw mainly fan-art). '''The Iraq''' is a reference to Miss Teen USA 2007, Ms. Teen South Carolina - Lauren Katlin said "I believe that our education like such as in South Africa and the Iraq everywhere like such as...the US should help the US and should help South Africa and should help the Iraq and the asian countries so we are able to build up our future." The usage of "the iraq" became a meme.

===Twitter Region===
*'''Bieber Bay''' is a reference to {{w|Justin Bieber}} a pop singer whose singing sprouted on YouTube and became very popular on Twitter and other social media. He is very much vilified because of his rather feminine appearance and his hordes of fans (called "Beliebers") that seem to support him to ridiculous extents. Lately, though, Justin Beiber has taken a "bad boy" attitude because of all the Beliebers who are willing to defend him no matter what, him partaking in a lot of questionable activities that include tattoos, questionably-legal substances, and buying prostitution, thus lowering his popularity in the general populace.
*'''{{w|Google Buzz}}''' is a former social network attempted by Google. It has since been shut down.
*'''Bit.Ly Mountains''' is a reference to the URL shortening service {{w|bit.ly}}.
*'''Kayne's Isle of Sadness''' is a reference to the musician {{w|Kayne West}}.
*'''Sarah Palin USA''' is the Twitter handle of former politician {{w|Sarah Palin}}.
*'''Clueless Politician Coast''' is a reference to the number of politicians on Twitter and other social networks who repeatedly share clueless updates that more often create an uproar than help their election chances.
*'''Desert of Food Updates''' is a reference to the number of pictures of food that are shared on social media (especially Twitter). There has even been some controversy on posting such pictures.
*'''Journalists Trying to Find the Cutting Edge''' is referencing journalists on Twitter trying to keep up with the way that news is gathered and delivered now, despite usually working for a newspaper that publishes once a day.
*'''{{w|SHAQ}}''' is a reference to the former NBA basketball player, {{w|Shaq}}.
*'''{{w|identi.ca}}''' is an open source social networking and micro-blogging service, being an alternative to Twitter.
*''' Breaking! Waves''' is a pun on the fact that so many people used the word "Breaking" at the beginning of tweets that do not warrant that tag that the word has lost most of its meaning and become a joke. It is a pun because waves "break" on the shore.
*'''Web 3.0''' refers to the unofficial term {{w|Web 2.0}}. In this case, "Web 1.0" refers to accessing the Internet using Web Browsers, e-mail, and chatting, mainly through the use of computers. "Web 2.0" refers to accessing the Internet through new means (for example, RSS Feeds that read the news) through more devices (for example: tablets and cell phones). As such, "Web 3.0" means either what the Internet is like now in its current state of development, or what it will soon develop into; either way, it is still very much Under Construction.

===Geotagged Bay===
*'''{{w|Yelp}}''' is a website where people post reviews of real-life public locations (one example being restaurants).
*'''{{w|Geocaching}}''' is a worldwide GPS scavenger hunt where users upload positions off caches and others will find them and log it online
*'''{{w|Foursquare}}''' is a location-based social network.
*'''Latitude''' refers to {{w|Google Latitude}}.

===Troll Bay and the Sea of Memes===
*'''Reddit''' - {{w|Reddit}} is the self-described "front page of the Internet" in which users submit stories, photos and videos and the best are "up-voted" to the top of the page.
*'''Wikipedia talk pages''' refer to the pages that describe members of Wikipedia, edited by their respective members.
*'''{{w|Wikia}}''' is 3rd party wiki software, used in the making of the user-editable encyclopedias of just about any subject matter.
*'''StumbleUpon''' is a website-sharing service.
*'''Delicious''' is a bookmarking and bookmark-sharing service.
*'''{{w|Digg}}''' is a former competitor to Reddit in the social-news sphere, but now has been sold and restarted as an aggregator of news stories.
*'''Slashdot''', labeled "/." on the map, is a technical news site.
*'''Fark''' is a stricter user-generated news site.
*'''YTMND''' is an acronym for "You're The Man Now, Dog!" It's also a community in which users can create meme-type nonsense by playing music over an image (either static or animated).

===Skype Region===
The Skype Region refers to different IM, or Instant Messaging services, that enable almost-real-time text chatting between multiple people. These often allow services like voice chat and even video calls.

*'''{{w|Skype}}''' is, according to Randall, the most popular of these among the internet. It has many features to allow peer-to-peer voice chats, as well as allowing calls to be made at a price to actual phones.
*'''{{w|AIM}}''' or AOL Instant Messenger is a chat client created by AOL.
*'''GG''' is {{w|Gadu-Gadu}} and instant messenger client popular in Poland.
*'''{{w|Yahoo Messenger}}''' is an instant messenger client by Yahoo.
*'''{{w|Google Talk}}''' is a voice/video chatting service from Google. Google Talk also has an invasion fleet at its shores.
*'''{{w|ICQ}}''' is an older messaging service, albeit with an 18+ requirement (despite pornography not being the point of ICQ).
*'''{{w|Windows Live Messenger}}''', or "MSN", was the messaging service of Microsoft before Microsoft bought Skype. MSN was useful in that people could draw and send pictures to other chatters.
*'''{{w|UseNet}}''' was one of the original ways to communicate on the internet, though people can download (copyrighted) files through the service. Since it is still in use by some, it gets the tag "Still Around!" on the map.
*'''{{w|IRC}} Isles''' refers to the ancestor of Internet-powered chatting. People would have connected to a server and spoke publicly. IRC is still in use (per 2014, notably in getting help from users4. One of those isles is #xkcd which is an IRC community around [[xkcd]].

===Bay of Drama===
*'''FanFiction.net''' is a website where people can submit their fanfiction (stories by fans written about other peoples' media, normally that about popular media). The website tend to have people that are not helpful to those who legitimately want critique of their own stories.
*'''{{w|Xanga}}''' is a blogging service that, while popular at its time, lost out to...
*'''{{w|LiveJournal}}''', one of the definitive websites and Internet communities. More specifically, LiveJournal was the most popular blogging service before Tumblr became popular.
*'''ONYD''' - Reference to {{w|Oh No You Didn't}}, which is explained in the Blogosphere region.
*'''{{w|Dreamwidth}}''' is a LiveJournal fork emphasizing its open-source nature.

===Blogosphere===
The Blogosphere region contains several general blog topics.
*'''Photo Blogs''' - One popular use of blogs is the chronicling through photographs the lives of the authors.
*'''Diary Blogs''' - Another popular use (and, in fact, the original use) is writing commentary about the authors' lives.
*'''Bay of Grammar Pedantry''' - This bay deals with the fact that, whether due to a lack of proper education, a habit of using "chat-speak" in the text-limited SMS and MMS, or simply due to the (generally) more relaxed nature of the Internet, tend to write with horrible composition, a point of annoyment to a lot of other people due to the subsequent increased difficulty of reading the horribly-written material.
*'''Fandom Blogs''' - A "fandom" is a community of fans. A fandom blog deals with the subject matter of the respective fandom.
*'''Sea of Zero (0) Comments''' - These are the blogs that get very little attention and therefore have no comments.
*'''SpamBlog Straits''' - Spammers use blogs to increase the number of links to their site to try to game search engines.
*'''OffTopic.com'''
*Many more straightforward blogs, including:
**'''Writing/Poetry'''
**'''Gossip Blogs'''
**'''Political Blogs'''
**'''Music Blogs'''
**'''Tech Blogs'''
**'''Business Blogs'''
**'''Corporate Blogs'''
**'''Religious Blogs'''
**'''Miscellaneous Blogs'''
*'''Blog Blogs''' - These can refer to blogs that talk about the matter about blogging itself, though they can also refer to blogs which authors use in talking about blogging.

===Blogosphere (Core Region)===
Gossip Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on gossip surrounding celebrities and other well-known persons.
*'''{{w|Jezebel}}''' is a liberally feminist blog, hosted by Gawker.
*'''{{w|Deadline}}'''
*'''{{w|TMZ}}'''
*'''{{w|Gawker}}''' is a blog that is the host of other blogs.
*'''LJ Oh No They Didn't''' - LiveJournal {{w|Oh No They Didn't}} - Oh No They Didn't, also known as ONTD, is the largest community on LiveJournal with over 100,000 members. The community focuses on celebrity gossip and pop culture with most of its posts aggregated from other gossip blogs.
*'''{{w|Doucheblog}}'''
*'''Isle of Mockery''' is a reference to the fact that some of what these blogs do is mock celebrities or other for doing or saying stupid things on camera.

Liberal Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "liberal" or "progressive" slant. These blogs tend to lean for the Democratic party.
*'''{{w|Huffington Post}}''' is a news blog.
*'''{{w|Paul Krugman}}'''
*'''{{w|Daily Beast}}'''
*'''TPM''' - {{w|Talking Points Memo}}
*'''{{w|Ezra Klein}}''' - Ezra used to have his own site at the Washington Post, but is now the editor of [Vox.com].
*'''{{w|Think Progress}}'''
*'''Kos''' - {{w|Daily Kos}}

Bay of Flame:
*Politics Daily
*CNN Political Ticker
*Mediaite
*NY Times
*The Talk
*Libertarian Isle (shaped like a [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nolan_Chart Nolan Chart])

Conservative Blogs:
Each blog below focuses on American political news with a "conservative" or Republican slant.
*Pajamas Media
*Michelle Malkin
*Hot Air
*Red State
*American Thinker
*Townhall

Tech Blogs:
*Boy Genius Report
*Gizmodo is a news and opinion blog, hosted by Gawker, that talks about life's more technological matters.
*Engadget is another technology-oriented, albeit independent, blog.
*Crunchgear
*Techcrunch
*Joystiq is a news and opinion blog that focuses on gaming.
*Kotaku is another gaming-oriented news/opinion blog, the main difference beig that Kotaku is owned by Gawker.

Assorted:
*BoingBoing is "i blog about wonderful things", the topics being quite random.
*Lifehacker, another Gawker blog, is a blog that teaches people how to simplify their lives through 'lifehacking', that is, using their resources in creative wayss. While the subject matter is life in general, there is a significant technological slant.
*{{w|Deadspin}} is a sports and sports gossip blog founded by Will Leitch.
*Meatorama

===QQ Region===
*'''Baidu Baike''' (「百度百科」, "Baidu Encyclopedia") and '''Hudong''' (「互动百科」, "Interactive Encyclopedia" ) are two Chinese online encyclopedias. Baidu Baike is powered by the same company as Baidu, the search engine popular in China.
* The '''Ma Le Ge Bi''' and the '''Grass Mud Horse Bay''' could refer to the {{w|Baidu 10 Mythical Creatures}}.
* The '''Location of Jia Junpeng''' refers to the Internet meme of {{w|Jia Junpeng}} in 2009 in China.
*'''{{w|Tencent QQ}}''' is a Chinese instant messaging program.
*In English communities "QQ" has several more common definitions:
**An {{w|emoticon}}, representing a face with two large, crying eyes.
**A synonym for "rage quit", in which a video game player quits the game out of sheer frustration. It originated in ''Warcraft II'' multiplayer, where pressing Ctrl+Q+Q would quit the game, and became more widely known in ''World of Warcraft''.
**These definitions are commonly combined, usually to mock the "rage quitter".
*The Gulf of China refers to how sites in the region are based in People's Republic of China ("Red China"). The '''Great Firewall''' refers to {{w|The Great Firewall of China}}, a pun on {{w|The Great Wall of China}}. Similar to how The Great Wall of China was meant to keep intruding nations out of the then-capital of the city, The Great Firewall of China is meant to keep visitors from visiting censored websites. However, either a VPN or remote access to a computer in a "freer" country can circumvent the Firewall. Oddly other Chinese websites (Qzone, Renren etc.) are not enclosed in this zone.

===Forums Islands===
Forums are websites where one person post a topic to which other people can discuss.

While the map has a zoomed in version, this article shall discuss the two bigger islands, first.

*'''[http://www.2ch.net 2channel]''' is a Japanese imageboard that was actually the original inspiration for 4chan.
*'''[http://www.craigslist.org/about/sites Craigslist]''' is a classified advertisement website with sections devoted to just about everything... which formerly included prostitution services, hence the '''The Former Site of Adult Services'''.

In the zoomed-in map, there is...
*'''420chan''' and '''7chan''', other imageboards in the style of 4chan (see below). Their relative lack of popularity and derivative nature leads a lot of 4chan users to mock them; hence, their position on Randall's map suggests that they're mere wads of semen.
*'''[http://ohinternet.com/ Encyclopedia Dramatica]''', labeled '''ED''' on the map, is a wiki site dedicated to chronicling internet memes and other noteworthy sites, events, people, and anything else that catches their attention, their respective articles written in an incredibly arbitrary and vulgar manner. The site is ''heavily'' steeped in the attitude of veteran, vulgar 4chan users. People who have articles in the website tend to react with despair, given not only the cruelty in which the articles talk about the person in question, but the presence of the article means that the person is now an eternal target from the trolls. The user is not in a position of retaliation, since the userbase of Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan tends to overpower the victim easily...
:...usually. Due to the founder's talk against the Australian Aborignals (the founder is Australian), legal action has gone against the founder to the point of the founder having to shut down Encyclopedia Dramatica, founding the far tamer Oh, Internet! website, instead. Trolls responded by not only uploading their own mirror of the website but also vilifying the former founder forever.
:(Please note that, due to the malicious nature of the pop-up advertisements of Encyclopedia Dramatica, the link above points to its safe-for-work successor, Oh, Internet!)
*'''[https://www.4chan.org/ 4chan.org]''' is an {{w|imageboard}} in which people can upload pictures while others comment on them. The website is infamous for its loose/often non-existent rules, incredibly vulgar userbase, source of new memes, and spawning of trolls. 4chan's random board, known internally as '''/b/''', is almost constantly flooded with porn and image macros. This is why Randall's incarnation of 4chan is shaped like a penis.
*'''Tunnel to Habbo''' is a reference to [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/pools-closed the 2006 Habbo Hotel Raids], in which hundreds of 4chan Anons simultaneously logged onto Habbo Hotel and proceeded to be as obnoxious as possible, standing in formations of swastikas and penises or body-blocking the swimming pools.
*'''{{w|Catbus}} Route''' is likely a reference to {{w|Lolcat}}s in general.
*'''[http://www.ebaumsworld.com/ eBaum's World]''' is a media-hosting website founded by Eric Bauman. The site has lost a lot of traffic after (quite valid) accusations of stolen content.
*The gulf labelled '''{{w|Anonymous (group)|Anonymous}}''' is a reference to the trolls that label themselves "Anonymous" who recently had gained national acknowledgement because of the group's real-life tirades, including cracking attacks against the Church of Scientology and the founding of WikiLeaks (a website that leaks confidential material related to governments).
*[http://www.somethingawful.com/ SomethingAwful] is a website that is meant to showcase all things "awful". SomethingAwful also has a large trollbase, but they tend to be more honorable than the ones from Encyclopedia Dramatica and 4chan. One example is there being a spotty holding of the no-furries rule in the forums. The forums themselves are famous because of the holding of the Let's Plays of [http://lparchive.org/Dangan-Ronpa/ Dangan Ronpa] and [http://danganronpa2mirror.tumblr.com/ Super Dangan Ronpa 2], which had cooked up public interest to the point of there being an English-language release of the games.
Please note that, due to these Let's Plays being in a forums that frequently hides behind a "paywall" that requires a paid account before accessing, the links provided go to their mirrors.

==Transcript==
:'''Map of Online Communities'''
:Size on map represents volume of Daily Social activity (posts, chat, etc). Based on data gathered over the Spring and Summer of 2010.

:[Two insets on the upper left-hand corner shows that this map is a tiny portion of the huge continent of Spoken Language, encompassing portions of the Internet, Email, and Cell Phones (SMS).]

:[The largest landmass on the map by far, which takes up nearly the entire northern half of the map is "Facebook" - with large states in the south-east of the country labeled 'Farmville' and 'Happy Farm'. There is a much smaller state to the west of these called 'Farm Town'. To the north of these states is a large swath of unremarkable land entitled 'Northern Wasteland of Unread Updates.' This is directly north of the large Dopamine Sea.

:A peninsula on the south-west, just below the Plains of Awkwardly Public Family Interactions, houses many tiny states, such as MySpace, Orkut, LinkedIn, Bebo, & Hi5. It is bordered on the south by Buzzword Bay, which contains several islands of varying sizes. Among these are YouTube and Twitter (the largest), which are separated by the Social Media Consultant Channel. To the south-east of Twitter, across the Sea of Protocol Confusion, is another, equally large island. Most of it is Skype, with the north having two largish states called AIM and Windows Live Messenger. On the south-west part of the island are two smaller states called GG and Yahoo Messenger.

:The Island of Skype is extremely close to, but separated by the Great Firewall (a dashed line), the large landmass of QQ. It's north shore is the Gulf of China and Grass Mud Horse Bay. Outside of these bays, over the Great Firewall are two islands called Craigslist and 2Channel.

:In the Dopamine Sea, off the southern shores of Farmville and Happy Farm, is MMO Isle. Its largest state is WoW, with Runescape, Lineage, Maple Story, Habbo, and the Mountains of Steam among its notable landmarks. To the southeast of the island is the Gulf of Lag, in which sits the CDC Games island, with Eve Online.

:To the east of Twitter is Troll Bay, with such islands as Reddit and Reddit, Digg, Stumbleupon, Delicio.us, and Wikipedia Talk Pages. To their south are the IRC isles, of which one is the tiny island of #xkcd.

:East of these islands, and north of Skype island, is the Sea of Memes. In this sea, to the north of Craigslist and 2Channel, is an archipelago of tiny islands. There is an inset, labeled 'Forums.' (See below.)

:To the southwest of Twitter island, in the Sea of Opinions, are the blog islands. These lie south of the islands in Buzzword Bay, as well. The northernmost islands in this group are centered around the Bay of Drama, on which can be found Diary Blogs, Gossip Blogs, and Livejournal. Gossip Blogs share an island with Political, Music, and Tech Blogs. To the north of this island is a smaller island called Photo Blogs. South of Diary Blogs, and off the southwest coast of Music blogs is a smaller island called Fandom Blogs. South of Tech Blogs, off of which sprouts the small peninsula of Business Blogs, is the Spamblog Straits. On the other side of the straits is a large island made up of Miscellaneous Blogs, with two states demarcated as Religious Blogs and Blog Blogs. Southwest of the Blog Islands is the Sea of Zero (0) Comments.]

:[An inset of a group of islands in the sea of memes located on the lower right corner of the map, labeled 'Forums'. The largest by far is 4chan and /b/. Also found here are D2JSP, JLA Frums, Fan Forum, Something Awful, and many smaller ones, too numerous to list here.]

:[The northeastern third of Gossip/Political/Tech Blogs island is another inset labeled 'Blogosphere (Core)'. This can be found on the lower left corner of the map. Two peninsulas in Political Blogs bookend the Bay of Flame -- these are Liberal Blogs and Conservative Blogs. Between them lie several tiny islands such as Politics Daily, CNN Politcal Ticker, and Mediaite. Off the coast of Liberal Blogs lies the island of NYTimes, off the coast of Conservative Blogs is Libertarian Isle. Between the two lies The Talk. The northern peninsula of Tech Blogs contains places such as Gizmodo, Engadget, Joystiq, and Kotaku.]

:[Text found between the two insets, which are directly below the main map.]
:ABOUT THIS MAP
:Communities rise and fall, and total membership numbers are no longer a good measure of a community's current size and health. This updated map uses size to represent total social activity in a community -- that is, how much talking, playing, sharing, or other socializing happens there. This meant some comparing of apples and oranges, but I did my best and tried to be consistent.

:Estimates are based on the numbers I could find, but involved a great deal of guesswork, statistical inference, random sampling, nonrandom sampling, a 20,000-cell spreadsheet, emailing, cajoling, tea-leaf reading, goat sacrifices, and gut instinct (i.e. making things up).

:Sources of data include Google and Bing, Wikipedia, Alexa, Big-Boards.com, StumbleUpon, Wordpress, Akismet, every website statistics page I could find, press releases, news articles, and individual site employees. Thanks in particular to folks at Last.fm, LiveJournal, Reddit, and the New York Times, as well as sysadmins at a number of sites who shared statistics on condition of anonymity.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics with color]]
[[Category:Large drawings]]
[[Category:Internet]]
[[Category:Online Communities]]

1513: Code Quality

2015-04-17T16:17:19Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1513
| date = April 17, 2015
| title = Code Quality
| image = code quality.png
| titletext = I honestly didn't think you could even USE emoji in variable names. Or that there were so many different crying ones.
}}

==Explanation==

{{incomplete| Needs fine-tuning and explaining of Ponytail's three comments}}
Ponytail is about to look at some source code Cueball has written, and he is warning her that he is self-taught so his code probably won't be written the way she is used to. Although few programming languages require a perfectly rigid style so long as the code is syntactically accurate, most programmers follow some sort of {{w|Programming_style|style}} to make the code easier to read. This includes indenting lines to show levels and using descriptive variable identifiers with {{w|CamelCase|"camel case"}} or {{w|Snake case}} capitalization (capitalizing each word except for the first, and separating lowercase words with underscores, respectively). In spite of Ponytail's initial (polite) optimism, she comments in three increasingly harsh and absurd similes. Firstly, she suggests that reading his code is like being in a house built by an unskilled child, using a small axe to put together what he thought was a house based on a picture. Secondly, she suggests that it looks like a salad recipe, written by a corporate lawyer (who are notoriously difficult to understand), on a phone with autocorrect that only corrected things to formulas from Microsft Excel (which are notoriously complicated). Thirdly, she suggests that it is a transcript of the dialogue of couple arguing at {{w|IKEA}} (a world-wide chain of furniture stores which feature large, maze-like showrooms as well as a large warehouse area where you can pick up the furniture you want to buy in flat, some-assembly-required packaging; especially on weekends when many people crowd in to a store, they can be stress-inducing places), the transcript of which was then randomly edited until the computer compiled it with no errors. Finally, Cueball surrenders and makes the rather weak assurance that he will read “a style guide”.

A common technique for self-taught programmers is to follow and adapt tutorials, and to find examples of similar problems being solved and try to copy the code. This can (but doesn't always) lead to code that is hard to follow or otherwise "messy" as various different pieces of code are {{w|Jury_rig|jury-rigged}} together and tinkered with until they seem to work. Once a piece of code is working, it is usually considered too hard to go back and rewrite it to be cleaner or clearer, also at the risk of breaking something that has been working. This practice is known as {{w|refactoring}} and code projects that incorporate cycles of refactoring tend to be easier to read and maintain than those that don't.

The title text refers to {{w|emoji}}, or "smiley faces". They exist in Unicode, or can be simulated using ASCII characters. Many languages will allow variable names to include underscores, so a variety of sad face ASCII emoji will be legal variable names, such as <code>T_T</code>, <code>p_q</code>, <code>ioi</code> etc. Progressively more possible crying-face emoji are possible if variables can include [http://hexascii.com/sad-emoticons/ UTF-8 characters] or full Unicode.

In the realm of Unicode, there are many crying emojis, as the comic states (e.g. 😢,😭,😂,😿,😹) In most programming languages it would be impossible to use them in variable names, as the symbols would break the language's syntax rules. A notable exception to this is {{w|Swift (programming language)|Swift}}, Apple's new programming language, in which the code can understand and use emojis in variables. Java, as another example, allows unicode characters in variable names as long as they are letter, numeric, combining or non-formatting marks. (See [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se7/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.8] and [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#isUnicodeIdentifierPart%28int%29]). Also, some C++ compilers support foreign Unicode characters and can have emoji in that manner.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball showing Ponytail his laptop]
:Cueball: Keep in mind that I'm self-taught, so my code may be a little messy.
:Ponytail: Lemme see - I'm sure it's fine.

:[Ponytail sits at desk]
:Ponytail: ...Wow. This is like being in a house built by a child using nothing but a hatchet and a picture of a house.

:Ponytail: It's like a salad recipe written by a corporate lawyer using a phone autocorrect that only knew Excel formulas.

:Ponytail: It's like someone took a transcript of a couple arguing at IKEA and made random edits until it compiled without errors.
:Cueball: '''''Okay,''''' I'll read a style guide.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]

1513: Code Quality

2015-04-17T16:15:18Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1513
| date = April 17, 2015
| title = Code Quality
| image = code quality.png
| titletext = I honestly didn't think you could even USE emoji in variable names. Or that there were so many different crying ones.
}}

==Explanation==

{{incomplete| Needs fine-tuning and explaining of Ponytail's three comments}}
Ponytail is about to look at some source code Cueball has written, and he is warning her that he is self-taught so his code probably won't be written the way she is used to. Although few programming languages require a perfectly rigid style so long as the code is syntactically accurate, most programmers follow some sort of {{w|Programming_style|style}} to make the code easier to read. This includes indenting lines to show levels and using descriptive variable identifiers with {{w|CamelCase|"camel case"}} or {{w|Snake case}}capitalization (capitalizing each word except for the first, and separating lowercase words with underscores, respectively). In spite of Ponytail's initial (polite) optimism, she comments in three increasingly harsh and absurd similes. Firstly, she suggests that reading his code is like being in a house built by an unskilled child, using a small axe to put together what he thought was a house based on a picture. Secondly, she suggests that it looks like a salad recipe, written by a corporate lawyer (who are notoriously difficult to understand), on a phone with autocorrect that only corrected things to formulas from Microsft Excel (which are notoriously complicated). Thirdly, she suggests that it is a transcript of the dialogue of couple arguing at {{w|IKEA}} (a world-wide chain of furniture stores which feature large, maze-like showrooms as well as a large warehouse area where you can pick up the furniture you want to buy in flat, some-assembly-required packaging; especially on weekends when many people crowd in to a store, they can be stress-inducing places), the transcript of which was then randomly edited until the computer compiled it with no errors. Finally, Cueball surrenders and makes the rather weak assurance that he will read “a style guide”.

A common technique for self-taught programmers is to follow and adapt tutorials, and to find examples of similar problems being solved and try to copy the code. This can (but doesn't always) lead to code that is hard to follow or otherwise "messy" as various different pieces of code are {{w|Jury_rig|jury-rigged}} together and tinkered with until they seem to work. Once a piece of code is working, it is usually considered too hard to go back and rewrite it to be cleaner or clearer, also at the risk of breaking something that has been working. This practice is known as {{w|refactoring}} and code projects that incorporate cycles of refactoring tend to be easier to read and maintain than those that don't.

The title text refers to {{w|emoji}}, or "smiley faces". They exist in Unicode, or can be simulated using ASCII characters. Many languages will allow variable names to include underscores, so a variety of sad face ASCII emoji will be legal variable names, such as <code>T_T</code>, <code>p_q</code>, <code>ioi</code> etc. Progressively more possible crying-face emoji are possible if variables can include [http://hexascii.com/sad-emoticons/ UTF-8 characters] or full Unicode.

In the realm of Unicode, there are many crying emojis, as the comic states (e.g. 😢,😭,😂,😿,😹) In most programming languages it would be impossible to use them in variable names, as the symbols would break the language's syntax rules. A notable exception to this is {{w|Swift (programming language)|Swift}}, Apple's new programming language, in which the code can understand and use emojis in variables. Java, as another example, allows unicode characters in variable names as long as they are letter, numeric, combining or non-formatting marks. (See [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se7/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.8] and [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#isUnicodeIdentifierPart%28int%29]). Also, some C++ compilers support foreign Unicode characters and can have emoji in that manner.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball showing Ponytail his laptop]
:Cueball: Keep in mind that I'm self-taught, so my code may be a little messy.
:Ponytail: Lemme see - I'm sure it's fine.

:[Ponytail sits at desk]
:Ponytail: ...Wow. This is like being in a house built by a child using nothing but a hatchet and a picture of a house.

:Ponytail: It's like a salad recipe written by a corporate lawyer using a phone autocorrect that only knew Excel formulas.

:Ponytail: It's like someone took a transcript of a couple arguing at IKEA and made random edits until it compiled without errors.
:Cueball: '''''Okay,''''' I'll read a style guide.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]

1513: Code Quality

2015-04-17T12:25:07Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1513
| date = April 17, 2015
| title = Code Quality
| image = code quality.png
| titletext = I honestly didn't think you could even USE emoji in variable names. Or that there were so many different crying ones.
}}

==Explanation==

{{incomplete| Needs fine-tuning and explaining of Ponytail's three comments}}
Cueball asks Ponytail to look at some source code that he has written, warning her that he is self-taught so his code probably won't be written the way she is used to. Although few programming languages require a perfectly rigid style so long as the code is syntactically accurate, most programmers follow some sort of {{w|Programming_style|style}} to make the code easier to read. This includes indenting lines to show levels and using descriptive variable identifiers with {{w|CamelCase|"camel case"}} capitalization (capitalizing each word except for the first). In spite of Ponytail's initial (polite) optimism, she comments in three increasingly harsh and absurd similes. Firstly, she suggests that reading his code is like being in a house built by an unskilled young person, using a small axe to put together what he thought was a house based on a picture. Secondly, she suggests that it looks like a salad recipe, written by a corporate lawyer (who are notoriously difficult to understand), on a phone with autocorrect that only corrected things to obscure formulas from Microsft Excel (which are notoriously complicated). Thirdly, she suggests that it is a transcript of a cliche argument at IKEA, that someone had randomly edited until the computer was able to compile it with no errors. Finally, Cueball surrenders and makes the rather weak assurance that he will read “a style guide”—he doesn't think that following a complete course is in order.

A common technique for self-taught programmers is to follow and adapt tutorials, and to find examples of similar problems being solved and try to copy the code. This can (but doesn't always) lead to code that is hard to follow or otherwise "messy" as various different pieces of code are {{w|Jury_rig|jury-rigged}} together and tinkered with until they seem to work. Once a piece of code is working, it is usually considered too hard to go back and rewrite it to be cleaner or clearer, also at the risk of breaking something that has been working. This practice is known as {{w|refactoring}} and code projects that incorporate cycles of refactoring tend to be easier to read and maintain than those that don't.

The title text refers to {{w|emoji}}, or "smiley faces". They exist in Unicode, or can be simulated using ASCII characters. Many languages will allow variable names to include underscores, so a variety of sad face ASCII emoji will be legal variable names, such as <code>T_T</code>, <code>p_q</code>, <code>ioi</code> etc. Progressively more possible crying-face emoji are possible if variables can include [http://hexascii.com/sad-emoticons/ UTF-8 characters] or full Unicode.

In the realm of Unicode, there are many crying emojis, as the comic states (e.g. 😢,😭,😂,😿,😹) In most programming languages it would be impossible to use them in variable names, as the symbols would break the language's syntax rules. A notable exception to this is {{w|Swift (programming language)|Swift}}, Apple's new programming language, in which the code can understand and use emojis in variables. Java, as another example, allows unicode characters in variable names as long as they are letter, numeric, combining or non-formatting marks. (See [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se7/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.8] and [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#isUnicodeIdentifierPart%28int%29]). Also, some C++ compilers support foreign Unicode characters and can have emoji in that manner.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball showing Ponytail his laptop]
:Cueball: Keep in mind that I'm self-taught, so my code may be a little messy.
:Ponytail: Lemme see - I'm sure it's fine.

:[Ponytail sits at desk]
:Ponytail: ...Wow. This is like being in a house built by a child using nothing but a hatchet and a picture of a house.

:Ponytail: It's like a salad recipe written by a corporate lawyer using a phone autocorrect that only knew Excel formulas.

:Ponytail: It's like someone took a transcript of a couple arguing at IKEA and made random edits until it compiled without errors.
:Cueball: '''''Okay,''''' I'll read a style guide.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]

1513: Code Quality

2015-04-17T12:23:20Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1513
| date = April 17, 2015
| title = Code Quality
| image = code quality.png
| titletext = I honestly didn't think you could even USE emoji in variable names. Or that there were so many different crying ones.
}}

==Explanation==

{{incomplete| Needs fine-tuning and explaining of Ponytail's three comments}}
Cueball asks Ponytail to look at some source code that he has written, warning her that he is self-taught so his code probably won't be written the way she is used to. Although few programming languages require a perfectly rigid style so long as the code is syntactically accurate, most programmers follow some sort of {{w|Programming_style|style}} to make the code easier to read. This includes indenting lines to show levels and using descriptive variable identifiers with {{w|CamelCase|"camel case"}} capitalization (capitalizing each word except for the first). In spite of Ponytail's initial (polite) optimism, she comments in three increasingly harsh and absurd similes. Firstly, she suggests that reading his code is like being in a house built by an unskilled young person, using a small axe to put together what he thought was a house based on a picture. Secondly, she suggests that it looks like a salad recipe, written by a corporate lawyer (who are notoriously difficult to understand), on a phone with autocorrect that only corrected things to obscure formulas from Microsft Excel (which are notoriously complicated). Finally, Cueball surrenders and makes the rather weak assurance that he will read “a style guide”—he doesn't think that following a complete course is in order.

A common technique for self-taught programmers is to follow and adapt tutorials, and to find examples of similar problems being solved and try to copy the code. This can (but doesn't always) lead to code that is hard to follow or otherwise "messy" as various different pieces of code are {{w|Jury_rig|jury-rigged}} together and tinkered with until they seem to work. Once a piece of code is working, it is usually considered too hard to go back and rewrite it to be cleaner or clearer, also at the risk of breaking something that has been working. This practice is known as {{w|refactoring}} and code projects that incorporate cycles of refactoring tend to be easier to read and maintain than those that don't.

The title text refers to {{w|emoji}}, or "smiley faces". They exist in Unicode, or can be simulated using ASCII characters. Many languages will allow variable names to include underscores, so a variety of sad face ASCII emoji will be legal variable names, such as <code>T_T</code>, <code>p_q</code>, <code>ioi</code> etc. Progressively more possible crying-face emoji are possible if variables can include [http://hexascii.com/sad-emoticons/ UTF-8 characters] or full Unicode.

In the realm of Unicode, there are many crying emojis, as the comic states (e.g. 😢,😭,😂,😿,😹) In most programming languages it would be impossible to use them in variable names, as the symbols would break the language's syntax rules. A notable exception to this is {{w|Swift (programming language)|Swift}}, Apple's new programming language, in which the code can understand and use emojis in variables. Java, as another example, allows unicode characters in variable names as long as they are letter, numeric, combining or non-formatting marks. (See [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se7/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.8] and [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#isUnicodeIdentifierPart%28int%29]). Also, some C++ compilers support foreign Unicode characters and can have emoji in that manner.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball showing Ponytail his laptop]
:Cueball: Keep in mind that I'm self-taught, so my code may be a little messy.
:Ponytail: Lemme see - I'm sure it's fine.

:[Ponytail sits at desk]
:Ponytail: ...Wow. This is like being in a house built by a child using nothing but a hatchet and a picture of a house.

:Ponytail: It's like a salad recipe written by a corporate lawyer using a phone autocorrect that only knew Excel formulas.

:Ponytail: It's like someone took a transcript of a couple arguing at IKEA and made random edits until it compiled without errors.
:Cueball: '''''Okay,''''' I'll read a style guide.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]

1513: Code Quality

2015-04-17T12:20:58Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1513
| date = April 17, 2015
| title = Code Quality
| image = code quality.png
| titletext = I honestly didn't think you could even USE emoji in variable names. Or that there were so many different crying ones.
}}

==Explanation==

{{incomplete| Needs fine-tuning and explaining of Ponytail's three comments}}
Cueball asks Ponytail to look at some source code that he has written, warning her that he is self-taught so his code probably won't be written the way she is used to. Although few programming languages require a perfectly rigid style so long as the code is syntactically accurate, most programmers follow some sort of {{w|Programming_style|style}} to make the code easier to read. This includes indenting lines to show levels and using descriptive variable identifiers with {{w|CamelCase|"camel case"}} capitalization (capitalizing each word except for the first). In spite of Ponytail's initial (polite) optimism, she comments in three increasingly harsh and absurd similes. Firstly, she suggests that reading his code is like being in a house built by an unskilled young person, using a small axe to put together what he thought was a house based on a picture. Finally, Cueball surrenders and makes the rather weak assurance that he will read “a style guide”—he doesn't think that following a complete course is in order.

A common technique for self-taught programmers is to follow and adapt tutorials, and to find examples of similar problems being solved and try to copy the code. This can (but doesn't always) lead to code that is hard to follow or otherwise "messy" as various different pieces of code are {{w|Jury_rig|jury-rigged}} together and tinkered with until they seem to work. Once a piece of code is working, it is usually considered too hard to go back and rewrite it to be cleaner or clearer, also at the risk of breaking something that has been working. This practice is known as {{w|refactoring}} and code projects that incorporate cycles of refactoring tend to be easier to read and maintain than those that don't.

The title text refers to {{w|emoji}}, or "smiley faces". They exist in Unicode, or can be simulated using ASCII characters. Many languages will allow variable names to include underscores, so a variety of sad face ASCII emoji will be legal variable names, such as <code>T_T</code>, <code>p_q</code>, <code>ioi</code> etc. Progressively more possible crying-face emoji are possible if variables can include [http://hexascii.com/sad-emoticons/ UTF-8 characters] or full Unicode.

In the realm of Unicode, there are many crying emojis, as the comic states (e.g. 😢,😭,😂,😿,😹) In most programming languages it would be impossible to use them in variable names, as the symbols would break the language's syntax rules. A notable exception to this is {{w|Swift (programming language)|Swift}}, Apple's new programming language, in which the code can understand and use emojis in variables. Java, as another example, allows unicode characters in variable names as long as they are letter, numeric, combining or non-formatting marks. (See [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/specs/jls/se7/html/jls-3.html#jls-3.8] and [http://docs.oracle.com/javase/7/docs/api/java/lang/Character.html#isUnicodeIdentifierPart%28int%29]). Also, some C++ compilers support foreign Unicode characters and can have emoji in that manner.

==Transcript==
:[Cueball showing Ponytail his laptop]
:Cueball: Keep in mind that I'm self-taught, so my code may be a little messy.
:Ponytail: Lemme see - I'm sure it's fine.

:[Ponytail sits at desk]
:Ponytail: ...Wow. This is like being in a house built by a child using nothing but a hatchet and a picture of a house.

:Ponytail: It's like a salad recipe written by a corporate lawyer using a phone autocorrect that only knew Excel formulas.

:Ponytail: It's like someone took a transcript of a couple arguing at IKEA and made random edits until it compiled without errors.
:Cueball: '''''Okay,''''' I'll read a style guide.

{{comic discussion}}


[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]

896: Marie Curie

2015-04-13T18:07:46Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 896
| date = May 9, 2011
| title = Marie Curie
| image = marie curie.png
| titletext = Although not permanently.
}}
[[File:Marie_Curie_c1920.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5| Portrait of Marie Curie. (from Wikimedia Commons)]]
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|The current explanation is basically just a summary of the text, or even just tells you to read it again... Totally lacks discussing the two other female scientists mentioned, and is also very short on Marie. There is hardly any discussion of the life lessons mentioned. What are they?}}
{{w|Marie Curie}} was a pioneering research scientist, most famous for her work with radiation, and in isolating Radium, and Polonium. She died from {{w|aplastic anemia}} contracted from exposure to {{w|radiation}} from the extremely radioactive isotopes of Radium and Polonium that she would carry around in her pockets, though the title text implies the radiation also helped her come back as {{w|Zombie}} Marie Curie.

The conversation between [[Ponytail]] and Marie refers to the fact that Marie is often singled out as the only significant female scientist. Marie points out that this is a poor version of the truth, for two reasons. Firstly, there have been many other significant female scientists, and secondly, Marie asserts that the most significant events in theoretical physics and mathematics do not arise because of an individuals desire for fame, but from passion for the subject and a great deal of dedication and hard work.

The comic gives examples of {{w|Lise Meitner}}, one of the major contributors in the discovery of nuclear fission for which her male colleague Otto Hahn was awarded a Nobel Prize, as a somewhat late consolation, the element Meitnerium was named after her, and {{w|Emmy Noether}}. Noether's Theorem is widely considered one of the most beautiful and significant theorems in abstract algebra, and its repercussions are still being widely explored to this day

Marie asserts at the end that Ponytail is not alone--perhaps in reference to the fact that, as mentioned, female scientists might be less likely to receive medals or other tokens of support and encouragement.

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is looking at a picture of Marie Curie.]
:Ponytail: My teacher always told me that if I applied myself, I could become the next Marie Curie.
:Zombie Marie Curie (off-screen): You know, I wish they'd get over me.
:[Inserted frame in the first panel with a close up of Ponytail who turns around.]
:Ponytail: Zombie Marie Curie!

:[Zombie Marie Curie is walking towards Ponytail.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Not that I don't deserve it. These two Nobels ain't decorative. But I make a sorry role model if girls just see me over and over as the one token lady scientist.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Lise Meitner figured out that nuclear fission was happening, while her colleague Otto was staring blankly at their data in confusion, and proved Enrico Fermi wrong in the process. Enrico and Otto both got Nobel Prizes. Lise got a National Women's Press Club award.
:Zombie Marie Curie: They finally named an element after her, but not until 60 years later.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Emmy Noether fought past her Victorian-era finishing-school upbringing, pursued mathematics by auditing classes, and, after finally getting a Ph.D, was permitted to teach only as an unpaid lecturer (often under male colleagues' names).
:Ponytail: Was she as good as them?
:Zombie Marie Curie: She revolutionized abstract algebra, filled gaps in relativity, and found what some call the most beautiful, deepest result in theoretical physics.
:Ponytail: Oh.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: But you don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: So don't try to be the next me, Noether, or Meitner. Just remember that if you want to do this stuff, you're not alone.
:Ponytail: Thanks.
:Zombie Marie Curie: Also, avoid radium. Turns out it kills you.
:Ponytail: I'll try.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]
[[Category:Zombies]]
[[Category:Science]]

896: Marie Curie

2015-04-13T18:05:04Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 896
| date = May 9, 2011
| title = Marie Curie
| image = marie curie.png
| titletext = Although not permanently.
}}
[[File:Marie_Curie_c1920.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5| Portrait of Marie Curie. (from Wikimedia Commons)]]
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|The current explanation is basically just a summary of the text, or even just tells you to read it again... Totally lacks discussing the two other female scientists mentioned, and is also very short on Marie. There is hardly any discussion of the life lessons mentioned. What are they?}}
{{w|Marie Curie}} was a pioneering research scientist, most famous for her work with radiation, and in isolating Radium, and Polonium. She died from {{w|aplastic anemia}} contracted from exposure to {{w|radiation}} from the extremely radioactive isotopes of Radium and Polonium that she would carry around in her pockets, though the title text implies the radiation also helped her come back as {{w|Zombie}} Marie Curie.

The conversation between [[Ponytail]] and Marie refers to the fact that Marie is often singled out as the only significant female scientist. Marie points out that this is a poor version of the truth, for two reasons. Firstly, there have been many other significant female scientists, and secondly, Marie asserts that the most significant events in theoretical physics and mathematics do not arise because of an individuals desire for fame, but from passion for the subject and a great deal of dedication and hard work.

The comic gives examples of {{w|Lise Meitner}}, one of the major contributors in the discovery of nuclear fission for which her male colleague Otto Hahn was awarded a Nobel Prize , and {{w|Emmy Noether}}. Noether's Theorem is widely considered one of the most beautiful and significant theorems in abstract algebra, and its repercussions are still being widely explored to this day

Marie asserts at the end that Ponytail is not alone--perhaps in reference to the fact that, as mentioned, female scientists might be less likely to receive medals or other tokens of support and encouragement.

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is looking at a picture of Marie Curie.]
:Ponytail: My teacher always told me that if I applied myself, I could become the next Marie Curie.
:Zombie Marie Curie (off-screen): You know, I wish they'd get over me.
:[Inserted frame in the first panel with a close up of Ponytail who turns around.]
:Ponytail: Zombie Marie Curie!

:[Zombie Marie Curie is walking towards Ponytail.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Not that I don't deserve it. These two Nobels ain't decorative. But I make a sorry role model if girls just see me over and over as the one token lady scientist.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Lise Meitner figured out that nuclear fission was happening, while her colleague Otto was staring blankly at their data in confusion, and proved Enrico Fermi wrong in the process. Enrico and Otto both got Nobel Prizes. Lise got a National Women's Press Club award.
:Zombie Marie Curie: They finally named an element after her, but not until 60 years later.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Emmy Noether fought past her Victorian-era finishing-school upbringing, pursued mathematics by auditing classes, and, after finally getting a Ph.D, was permitted to teach only as an unpaid lecturer (often under male colleagues' names).
:Ponytail: Was she as good as them?
:Zombie Marie Curie: She revolutionized abstract algebra, filled gaps in relativity, and found what some call the most beautiful, deepest result in theoretical physics.
:Ponytail: Oh.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: But you don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: So don't try to be the next me, Noether, or Meitner. Just remember that if you want to do this stuff, you're not alone.
:Ponytail: Thanks.
:Zombie Marie Curie: Also, avoid radium. Turns out it kills you.
:Ponytail: I'll try.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]
[[Category:Zombies]]
[[Category:Science]]

896: Marie Curie

2015-04-13T18:01:31Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 896
| date = May 9, 2011
| title = Marie Curie
| image = marie curie.png
| titletext = Although not permanently.
}}
[[File:Marie_Curie_c1920.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5| Portrait of Marie Curie. (from Wikimedia Commons)]]
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|The current explanation is basically just a summary of the text, or even just tells you to read it again... Totally lacks discussing the two other female scientists mentioned, and is also very short on Marie. There is hardly any discussion of the life lessons mentioned. What are they?}}
{{w|Marie Curie}} was a pioneering research scientist, most famous for her work with radiation, and in isolating Radium, and Polonium. She died from {{w|aplastic anemia}} contracted from exposure to {{w|radiation}} from the extremely radioactive isotopes of Radium and Polonium that she would carry around in her pockets, though the title text implies the radiation also helped her come back as {{w|Zombie}} Marie Curie.

The conversation between [[Ponytail]] and Marie refers to the fact that Marie is often singled out as the only significant female scientist. Marie points out that this is a poor version of the truth, for two reasons. Firstly, there have been many other significant female scientists, and secondly, Marie asserts that the most significant events in theoretical physics and mathematics do not arise because of an individuals desire for fame, but from passion for the subject and a great deal of dedication and hard work.

The comic gives examples of {{w|Lise Meitner}}, one of the major contributors in the discovery of nuclear fission, and {{w|Emmy Noether}}. Noether's Theorem is widely considered one of the most beautiful and significant theorems in abstract algebra, and its repercussions are still being widely explored to this day

Marie asserts at the end that Ponytail is not alone--perhaps in reference to the fact that, as mentioned, female scientists might be less likely to receive medals or other tokens of support and encouragement.

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is looking at a picture of Marie Curie.]
:Ponytail: My teacher always told me that if I applied myself, I could become the next Marie Curie.
:Zombie Marie Curie (off-screen): You know, I wish they'd get over me.
:[Inserted frame in the first panel with a close up of Ponytail who turns around.]
:Ponytail: Zombie Marie Curie!

:[Zombie Marie Curie is walking towards Ponytail.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Not that I don't deserve it. These two Nobels ain't decorative. But I make a sorry role model if girls just see me over and over as the one token lady scientist.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Lise Meitner figured out that nuclear fission was happening, while her colleague Otto was staring blankly at their data in confusion, and proved Enrico Fermi wrong in the process. Enrico and Otto both got Nobel Prizes. Lise got a National Women's Press Club award.
:Zombie Marie Curie: They finally named an element after her, but not until 60 years later.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Emmy Noether fought past her Victorian-era finishing-school upbringing, pursued mathematics by auditing classes, and, after finally getting a Ph.D, was permitted to teach only as an unpaid lecturer (often under male colleagues' names).
:Ponytail: Was she as good as them?
:Zombie Marie Curie: She revolutionized abstract algebra, filled gaps in relativity, and found what some call the most beautiful, deepest result in theoretical physics.
:Ponytail: Oh.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: But you don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: So don't try to be the next me, Noether, or Meitner. Just remember that if you want to do this stuff, you're not alone.
:Ponytail: Thanks.
:Zombie Marie Curie: Also, avoid radium. Turns out it kills you.
:Ponytail: I'll try.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]
[[Category:Zombies]]
[[Category:Science]]

896: Marie Curie

2015-04-13T17:59:16Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 896
| date = May 9, 2011
| title = Marie Curie
| image = marie curie.png
| titletext = Although not permanently.
}}
[[File:Marie_Curie_c1920.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5| Portrait of Marie Curie. (from Wikimedia Commons)]]
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|The current explanation is basically just a summary of the text, or even just tells you to read it again... Totally lacks discussing the two other female scientists mentioned, and is also very short on Marie. There is hardly any discussion of the life lessons mentioned. What are they?}}
{{w|Marie Curie}} was a pioneering research scientist, most famous for her work with radiation, and in isolating Radium, and Polonium. She died from {{w|aplastic anemia}} contracted from exposure to {{w|radiation}}, though the title text implies the radiation also helped her come back as {{w|Zombie}} Marie Curie.

The conversation between [[Ponytail]] and Marie refers to the fact that Marie is often singled out as the only significant female scientist. Marie points out that this is a poor version of the truth, for two reasons. Firstly, there have been many other significant female scientists, and secondly, Marie asserts that the most significant events in theoretical physics and mathematics do not arise because of an individuals desire for fame, but from passion for the subject and a great deal of dedication and hard work.

The comic gives examples of {{w|Lise Meitner}}, one of the major contributors in the discovery of nuclear fission, and {{w|Emmy Noether}}. Noether's Theorem is widely considered one of the most beautiful and significant theorems in abstract algebra, and its repercussions are still being widely explored to this day

Marie asserts at the end that Ponytail is not alone--perhaps in reference to the fact that, as mentioned, female scientists might be less likely to receive medals or other tokens of support and encouragement.

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is looking at a picture of Marie Curie.]
:Ponytail: My teacher always told me that if I applied myself, I could become the next Marie Curie.
:Zombie Marie Curie (off-screen): You know, I wish they'd get over me.
:[Inserted frame in the first panel with a close up of Ponytail who turns around.]
:Ponytail: Zombie Marie Curie!

:[Zombie Marie Curie is walking towards Ponytail.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Not that I don't deserve it. These two Nobels ain't decorative. But I make a sorry role model if girls just see me over and over as the one token lady scientist.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Lise Meitner figured out that nuclear fission was happening, while her colleague Otto was staring blankly at their data in confusion, and proved Enrico Fermi wrong in the process. Enrico and Otto both got Nobel Prizes. Lise got a National Women's Press Club award.
:Zombie Marie Curie: They finally named an element after her, but not until 60 years later.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Emmy Noether fought past her Victorian-era finishing-school upbringing, pursued mathematics by auditing classes, and, after finally getting a Ph.D, was permitted to teach only as an unpaid lecturer (often under male colleagues' names).
:Ponytail: Was she as good as them?
:Zombie Marie Curie: She revolutionized abstract algebra, filled gaps in relativity, and found what some call the most beautiful, deepest result in theoretical physics.
:Ponytail: Oh.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: But you don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: So don't try to be the next me, Noether, or Meitner. Just remember that if you want to do this stuff, you're not alone.
:Ponytail: Thanks.
:Zombie Marie Curie: Also, avoid radium. Turns out it kills you.
:Ponytail: I'll try.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]
[[Category:Zombies]]
[[Category:Science]]

896: Marie Curie

2015-03-28T01:09:11Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 896
| date = May 9, 2011
| title = Marie Curie
| image = marie curie.png
| titletext = Although not permanently.
}}
[[File:Marie_Curie_c1920.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5| Portrait of Marie Curie. (from Wikimedia Commons)]]
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|The current explanation is basically just a summary of the text, or even just tells you to read it again... Totally lacks discussing the two other women scientist, and also very short on Marie. There is hardly any discussion of the life lessons mentioned. What are they?}}
[[Ponytail]] is standing (possibly by herself and talking to herself) and looking at a picture of {{w|Marie Curie}}. When she mentions Marie Curie's name, Zombie Marie Curie comes forth to give some life lessons and inspiration. Marie Curie tells Ponytail that she shouldn't only look up to her as a famous woman scientist, and gives examples of other great women scientists, {{w|Lise Meitner}}, one of the people whose contributions included important work in the discovery of nuclear fission, and {{w|Emmy Noether}}. Zombie Marie Curie tells ponytail that she shouldn't look up to somebody to be that person, but to strive for greatness instead, saying there are other people like her trying to reach a goal as well.

Marie Curie pioneered research on {{w|radioactivity}} and as it says in the comic she earned two {{w|Nobel Prizes}}. She died from {{w|aplastic anemia}} contracted from exposure to radiation — although in the title text it says that it did not kill her permanently, because as we see here, she came back as a {{w|zombie}}.

Everything that Zombie Marie Curie says about {{w|Emmy Noether}} and {{w|Lise Meitner}} above is true as well.

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is looking at a picture of Marie Curie.]
:Ponytail: My teacher always told me that if I applied myself, I could become the next Marie Curie.
:Zombie Marie Curie (off-screen): You know, I wish they'd get over me.
:[Inserted frame in the first panel with a close up of Ponytail who turns around.]
:Ponytail: Zombie Marie Curie!

:[Zombie Marie Curie is walking towards Ponytail.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Not that I don't deserve it. These two Nobels ain't decorative. But I make a sorry role model if girls just see me over and over as the one token lady scientist.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Lise Meitner figured out that nuclear fission was happening, while her colleague Otto was staring blankly at their data in confusion, and proved Enrico Fermi wrong in the process. Enrico and Otto both got Nobel Prizes. Lise got a National Women's Press Club award.
:Zombie Marie Curie: They finally named an element after her, but not until 60 years later.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Emmy Noether fought past her Victorian-era finishing-school upbringing, pursued mathematics by auditing classes, and, after finally getting a Ph.D, was permitted to teach only as an unpaid lecturer (often under male colleagues' names).
:Ponytail: Was she as good as them?
:Zombie Marie Curie: She revolutionized abstract algebra, filled gaps in relativity, and found what some call the most beautiful, deepest result in theoretical physics.
:Ponytail: Oh.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: But you don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: So don't try to be the next me, Noether, or Meitner. Just remember that if you want to do this stuff, you're not alone.
:Ponytail: Thanks.
:Zombie Marie Curie: Also, avoid radium. Turns out it kills you.
:Ponytail: I'll try.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]
[[Category:Zombies]]
[[Category:Science]]

896: Marie Curie

2015-03-28T01:08:20Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 896
| date = May 9, 2011
| title = Marie Curie
| image = marie curie.png
| titletext = Although not permanently.
}}
[[File:Marie_Curie_c1920.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5| Portrait of Marie Curie. (from Wikimedia Commons)]]
==Explanation==
{{incomplete|The current explanation is basically just a summary of the text, or even just tells you to read it again... Totally lacks discussing the two other women scientist, and also very short on Marie. There is hardly any discussion of the life lessons mentioned. What are they?}}
[[Ponytail]] is standing (possibly by herself and talking to herself) and looking at a picture of {{w|Marie Curie}}. When she mentions Marie Curie's name, Zombie Marie Curie comes forth to give some life lessons and inspiration. Marie Curie tells Ponytail that she shouldn't only look up to her as a famous woman scientist, and gives examples of other great women scientists, {{w|Lise Meitner}}, one of the people whose contributions included important work in the discovery of nuclear fission, and {{w|Emmy Noether}}. Zombie Marie Curie tells ponytail that she shouldn't look up to somebody to be that person, but to strive for greatness instead, saying there are other people like her trying to reach a goal as well.

Marie Curie pioneered research on {{w|radioactivity}} and as it says in the comic she earned two {{w|Nobel Prizes}}. She died from {{w|aplastic anemia}} contracted from exposure to radiation — although in the title text it says that it did not kill her perm
anently, because as we see here, she came back as a {{w|zombie}}.

Everything that Zombie Marie Curie says about {{w|Emmy Noether}} and {{w|Lise Meitner}} above is true as well.

==Transcript==
:[Ponytail is looking at a picture of Marie Curie.]
:Ponytail: My teacher always told me that if I applied myself, I could become the next Marie Curie.
:Zombie Marie Curie (off-screen): You know, I wish they'd get over me.
:[Inserted frame in the first panel with a close up of Ponytail who turns around.]
:Ponytail: Zombie Marie Curie!

:[Zombie Marie Curie is walking towards Ponytail.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Not that I don't deserve it. These two Nobels ain't decorative. But I make a sorry role model if girls just see me over and over as the one token lady scientist.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Lise Meitner figured out that nuclear fission was happening, while her colleague Otto was staring blankly at their data in confusion, and proved Enrico Fermi wrong in the process. Enrico and Otto both got Nobel Prizes. Lise got a National Women's Press Club award.
:Zombie Marie Curie: They finally named an element after her, but not until 60 years later.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: Emmy Noether fought past her Victorian-era finishing-school upbringing, pursued mathematics by auditing classes, and, after finally getting a Ph.D, was permitted to teach only as an unpaid lecturer (often under male colleagues' names).
:Ponytail: Was she as good as them?
:Zombie Marie Curie: She revolutionized abstract algebra, filled gaps in relativity, and found what some call the most beautiful, deepest result in theoretical physics.
:Ponytail: Oh.

:[Close up of Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: But you don't become great by trying to be great. You become great by wanting to do something, and then doing it so hard that you become great in the process.

:[Zoom out to both Ponytail and Zombie Marie Curie.]
:Zombie Marie Curie: So don't try to be the next me, Noether, or Meitner. Just remember that if you want to do this stuff, you're not alone.
:Ponytail: Thanks.
:Zombie Marie Curie: Also, avoid radium. Turns out it kills you.
:Ponytail: I'll try.

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
[[Category:Comics featuring real people]]
[[Category:Zombies]]
[[Category:Science]]

1491: Stories of the Past and Future

2015-02-26T03:11:42Z

Steammaster: /* Works listed */

{{comic
| number = 1491
| date = February 25, 2015
| title = Stories of the Past and Future
| image = stories_of_the_past_and_future.png
| titletext = Little-known fact: The 'Dawn of Man' opening sequence in 2001 cuts away seconds before the Flinstones theme becomes recognizable.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page.}}
''A larger version of the image is available [http://xkcd.com/1491/large/ here].''

How to read the graph:
* X-axis: Date of publication.
* Y-axis, "Years in the future": Number of years the story's events take place, after the story's publication.
* Y-axis, "Years in the past": Number of years the story's events take place, before the story's publication.
: For example, "Water Margin" was published in the 14th century (x ~= 1300) and relates events from the 12th century, about 200 years before its publication (y ~= 200 in the past).
: Another example: The film ''{{w|The Bridge on the River Kwai}}'' was released in 1957 and it was set around 14 years before (~1942-43).
* Grey area in the "Years in the future" part: Stories set in the future (from their publication's date), whose the story's events' date is already past (from now). In the top portion of the graph, the two sides of the line are defined as "still possible" and "obsolete" (gray area). The gray area (obsolete) expands over time, the prediction (or science fiction work) that are not confirmed by reality are doomed to be obsolete.
* Grey area in the "Years in the past" part: Stories set in the past (from their publication's date), published closer to their setting than to today. The warning "Modern audiences may not recognize which part were supposed to sound old" is a recurrent theme in the author's work, being already formulated in [[771: Period Speech|Period Speech]] comic.

Taking the "years in the past" on the y-axis to be read as negatives like in most graphs one can write:
* Dates on the lower line satisfy: y = x-2015. Corresponding works were published in the year x = 2015+y and are set in the year x+y = 2015+2y.
* Dates on the upper line satisfy: y = 2015-x. Corresponding works were published in the year x = 2015-y and are set in the year x+y = 2015.
Thus it's clear that the definitions of the lines are consistent with each other as they follow similar but inverted functions.
The graph uses variable {{w|logarithmic scale}}s, adjusting the scale in various regions to the temporal density of works being plotted. If the scale was linear, the graph would in fact represent a (bidimensional) {{w|Minkowski diagram}}, which depicts the moving cones of past and future in spacetime as one's present advances in time.

===Works listed===

{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Publication'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Description'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year written'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year difference'''
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year set in'''
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Memoirs of the Twentieth Century|Memoirs of the Twentieth Century]]|| book written by Samuel Madden||1733||264||1997
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Golf in the Year 2000|Golf in the Year 2000]]|| novel written by J. McCullough||1892||108||2000
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Looking Backward|Looking Backward]]|| novel written by Edward Bellamy||1888||112||2000
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Enoch Soames|Enoch Soames]]|| short story by Max Beerbohm||1897||100||1997
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Time Machine|The Time Machine]]|| novel written by H.G. Wells||1895||800,806||802,701
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Nineteen Eighty-Four|1984]]||novel written by George Orwell||1949||35||1984
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Wythnos yng Nghymru Fydd|A Week in the Wales of the Future]]||novel written by Islwyn Ffowc Elis||1957||76||2033
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Jetsons|The Jetsons]]||TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera||1962 *||100||2062 †
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek !TOS!]]||TV series created by Gene Roddenberry||1966 *||298||2264
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1968||33||2001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Space: 1999|Space: 1999]]||TV series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson||1975 *||24||1999
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2010: Odyssey Two|2010: Odyssey Two]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1982||28||2010
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: The Next Generation|Star Trek: The Next Generation]]||TV series created by Gene Roddenberry||1987 *||377||2364
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2061: Odyssey Three|2061: Odyssey Three]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1987||74||2061
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Zero Wing|Zero Wing]]||arcade/computer game||1989||112||2101 (previously referenced in [[887: Future Timeline]])
|-
| [[Wikipedia:3001: The Final Odyssey|3001: The Final Odyssey]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1997||1004||3001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: Enterprise|Enterprise]]||TV series||2001 *||150||2151
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Back to the Future Part II|Back to the Future Part II]]||film directed by Robert Zemeckis||1989||26||2015
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Transformers (TV series)|Transformers (TV Series)]]||TV series||1984 *||~ 20||< 2010
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Terminator 2: Judgment Day|Terminator 2 (1995 Portion)]]||film directed by James Cameron||1991||4||1995
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]||film directed by Michael Curtiz||1942||< 1||1941
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Pillow Book|The Pillow Book]]||book written by Sei Shōnagon||1002||6||996
|-
| [[Wikipedia:History of the Peloponnesian War|History of the Peloponnesian War]]||history written by Thucydides||~400 BCE||~10||431-411 BCE
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Moby-Dick|Moby-Dick]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Gospels|Gospels]]||A collection of literary works detailing the life of Christ
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Epic of Gilgamesh|Epic of Gilgamesh]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Iliad|Iliad]]||Epic written by Greek philosopher Homer
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Ashokavadana|Ashokavadana]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Book of Genesis|Book of Genesis]]||The first book of the bible, describing the creation of the world, and human beings
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Water Margin|Water Margin]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:King John (play)|King John]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||~400||~1200-1216
|-
| [[wikipedia:Henry IV (play)|Henry IV]]||plays by William Shakespeare||1598*||185-196||1402-1413
|-
| [[wikipedia:Richard III (play)|Richard III]]||play by William Shakespeare||1597||112-119||1478-1485
|-
| [[wikipedia:Henry VIII (play)|Henry VIII]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||90-102||1521-1533
|-
| [[wikipedia:Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||1667-1670||45-2 B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:King Lear|King Lear]]||play by William Shakespeare||1608||2400|| 8th century B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court|A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]||novel by Mark Twain||1889||1200||6th Century
|-
| [[wikipedia:Lest Darkness Fall|Lest Darkness Fall]]||alternate history SF novel by L. Sprague de Camp||1939||1404||535
|-
|[[wikipedia:Asterix|Asterix]]||French comic by Goscinny and Uderzo||1959*||-2013||50 B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Ten Commandments (1956 film)|The Ten Commandments]]||film by Cecil B. DeMille||1956||->3000||[[wikipedia:The Exodus#Date|1446 BCE]]†
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Flintstones|The Flintstones]]||TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera||1960*||->2,5 million||[[wikipedia:Stone Age|Stone Age]]
|-
| [[wikipedia:2001: A Space Odyssey|2001: A Space Odyssey (prologue)]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1968|||-3 million||3 million years B.C. (4 in the movie)
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars#Original trilogy|Star Wars (IV - VI)]]||original film trilogy ||1977-1983|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars#Prequel trilogy|Star Wars (I - III)]]||prequel film trilogy||1999-2005|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Raptor Red|Raptor Red]]||novel by Robert Bakker||1995||->65 million||Cretaceous Period
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars sequel trilogy|Star Wars (VII - IX)]]||sequel film trilogy||2015-2021|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Ice Age (film series)|Ice Age]]||animated films by Blue Sky Studios||2002*||->12,000||[[wikipedia:Last glacial period| Paleolithic-Mesolithic]]
|-
|[[wikipedia:10,000 BC (film)|10,000 BC]]||film by Roland Emmerich||2008||-11,992||10,000 BC
|-
| [[wikipedia:300 (film)|300]]||film by Zack Snyder||2007||-2487||[[wikipedia:Battle of Thermopylae|480 BC]]
|-
| [[wikipedia:Year One (film)|Year One]]||film by Harold Ramis||2009||-2008||1 AD
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Prince of Egypt|The Prince of Egypt]]||animated film by DreamWorks||1998||->3400|[[wikipedia:The Exodus#Date|1446 BCE]]†
|-
| [[wikipedia:Downton Abbey|Downtown Abbey]]||TV series||2010*||->90||1912-1923
|-
| [[wikipedia:Pearl Harbor (film)|Pearl Harbour]]||film by Michael Bay||2001||-60||1941
|-
| [[wikipedia:Saving Private Ryan|Saving Private Ryan]]||film by Steven Spielberg||1998||-54||1944
|-
| [[wikipedia:Chariots of Fire|Chariots of Fire]]||film by Hugh Hudson||1981||-57||1924
|-
| [[wikipedia:Blazing Saddles|Blazing Saddles]]||film by Mel Brooks||1974||-100||1874
|-
| [[wikipedia:Back to the Future Part III|Back to the Future Part III]]||film by Robert Zemeckis||1990||-105||1885
|-
| [[wikipedia:Roots (miniseries)|Roots]]||TV series, adapted from eponymous novel||1977||->113||1750-1861
|-
| [[wikipedia:Treasure Island|Treasure Island]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Last of the Mohicans|The Last of the Mohicans]]||Novel by James Cooper||1826||-69||1757
|-
| [[wikipedia:A Tale of Two Cities|A Tale of Two Cities]]||A book written by Charles Dickens
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gone With The Wind|Gone With The Wind]]||A novel written by Margaret Mitchel
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gunsmoke|Gunsmoke]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Rip Van Winkle|Rip Van Winkel [sic]]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Les Misérables|Les Miserábles [sic]]]||Novel by Victor Hugo||1862||-47||1815-1832
|-
| [[wikipedia:Oklahoma!|Oklahoma!]]||Broadway musical||1943||-37||1906
|-
| [[wikipedia:Lawrence of Arabia|Lawrence of Arabia]]||film by David Lean||1962||->44||1916-8
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Music Man|The Music Man]]||Broadway musical||1957||-45||1912
|-
| [[wikipedia:Annie (musical)|Annie (play)]]||Broadway musical||1977||-44||1933
|-
| [[wikipedia:Annie (1982 film)|Annie (movie)]]||film adaptation of the above by John Huston||1982||-49||1933
|-
| [[wikipedia:Schindler's List|Schindler's List]]||film by Steven Spielberg||1993||->48||1939-1945
|-
| [[wikipedia:Mad Men|Mad Men]]||TV series||2007*||->47||1960-1970
|-
| [[wikipedia:Evita (1996 film)|Evita]]||film by Alan Parker||1996||-44||1952
|-
| [[wikipedia:Bonnie and Clyde(film)|Bonnie and Clyde]]||film by Arthur Penn||1967||->33||1932-4
|-
| [[wikipedia:Chinatown (1974 film)|Chinatown]]||film by Roman Polanski||1974||-37||1937
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gandhi (film)|Gandhi]]||film by Robert Attenborough||1982||->34||1893-1948
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Sandlot|The Sandlot]]||film by David Mickey Evans||1993||-31||1962
|-
| [[wikipedia:Back to the Future|Back to the Future]]||film by Robert Zemeckis||1985||-30||1955
|-
| [[wikipedia:Patton (film)|Patton]]||film by Franklin J. Schaffner||1970||->25||1943-5
|-
| [[wikipedia:Catch-22 (film)|Catch-22 (Movie)]]||film by Mike Nichols||1970||->26||1942-44
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Great Escape (film)|The Great Escape]]||film by John Sturges||1963||-20||1943-4
|-
| [[wikipedia:Catch-22|Catch-22 (Book)]]||novel by Joseph Heller||1961||->17||1942-44
|-
| [[wikipedia:MASH (film)|M*A*S*H]]||film by Robert Altman||1970||-19||1951
|-
| [[wikipedia:Grease (film)|Grease]]||film by Randall Kleiser||1978||-20||1958
|-
| [[wikipedia:Happy Days|Happy Days]]||TV series||1974-84||-19||1955-1965
|-
| [[wikipedia:Platoon (film)|Platoon]]||film by Oliver Stone||1986||-21||1967
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Wonder Years|The Wonder Years]]||TV series||1988-93||-20||1968-73
|-
| [[wikipedia:Dirty Dancing|Dirty Dancing]]||film by Emile Ardolino||1987||-24||1963
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Right Stuff (film)|The Right Stuff]]||film by Philip Kaufman||1983||->20||1947-63
|-
| [[wikipedia:JFK (film)|JFK]]||film by Oliver Stone||1991||->22||1963-9
|-
| [[wikipedia:Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]||film by Ron Howard||1995||-25||1970
|-
| [[wikipedia:That '70s Show|That '70s Show]]||TV series||1998-2006||->22|||1976-1979
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Wolf of Wall Street|The Wolf of Wall Street]]||film by Martin Scorsese||2013||->18||1987-1995
|-
| [[wikipedia:Freaks and Geeks|Freaks and Geeks]]||TV series||1999-2000||-19||1980-1
|-
| [[wikipedia:I Love the '80s (U.S. TV series)|I Love the '80s]]||TV miniseries by VH1||2002||-22||1980
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Bridge on the River Kwai|The Bridge on the River Kwai]]||film by David Lean||1952||-9\10||1942-3
|-
| [[wikipedia:American Graffiti|American Graffiti]]||film by George Lucas||1973||-11||1962
|-
| [[wikipedia:Apocalypse Now|Apocalypse Now]]||film by Francis Ford Coppola||1979||-10||1969
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Big Lebowski|The Big Lebowski]]||film by the Coen Brothers||1998||-7||1991
|-
| [[Wikipedia:United 93 (film)|United 93]]|| film directed by Paul Greengrass||2006||-5||2001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I Love the '90s (U.S. TV series)|I Love the '90s]]|| TV miniseries on VH1||2004||-14||1990
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Hotel Rwanda|Hotel Rwanda]]|| film directed by Terry George||2004||-10||1994
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I Love the 2000s|I Love the 2000s]]|| TV miniseries on VH1||2014||-14||2000
|-
|
|}

* = first episode aired. † = conjectured year set in.

==Trivia==
There is a hypercorrection in ''{{w|Rip Van Winkle}}'' as ''Rip van Winkel''. Washington Irving may have misspelled ''van {{w|nl:Winkel|Winkel}}''.

It's ''{{w|Les Misérables}}'' not ''Les Miserábles''. Note that French doesn't have "á".

{{w|Lest Darkness Fall}} takes place about 1400 years in the past, but is places around the -500 years line on the graph.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript}}
:'''Date of publication'''
:[A logarithmic scale running horizontally, from 3000 BCE to past 2015 CE]
:'''Years in the future'''
:[A logarithmic scale running vertically, from 1 billion down to 0]
:'''Stories set in the future''' (science fiction, prediction)
::Stories set in 2015
::[A line divides this region into two. The upper side is labelled "still possible"; the lower side is labelled "obsolete".]
:[from left to right...]
::Memoirs of the Twentieth Century [1733, 265 years in the future]
::Looking Backward [1888, 112 years in the future]
::Golf in the Year 2000 [1892, 108 years in the future]
::The Time Machine [1895, 800 thousand to 30 million years in the future]
::Enoch Soames [1916, ''circa'' 60 years in the future]
::1984 [1949, 35 years in the future]
::A Week in the Wales of the Future [1957, 76 years in the future]
::The Jetsons [1962-63, 100 years in the future]
::Star Trek [1966-69, 300 years in the future]
::2001: A Space Odyssey [1968, 33 years in the future]
::Space: 1999 [1975-77, 24 years in the future]
::2010: Odyssey Two [1982, 28 years in the future]
::Transformers (TV series) [1984-87, 20 years in the future]
::2061: Odyssey Three [1987, 74 years in the future]
::Star Trek: The Next Generation [1987-94, ''circa'' 500 years in the future]
::Back to the Future Part II [1989, 26 years in the future]
::Zero Wing [1989, 112 years in the future]
::Terminator 2 (1995 portion) [1991, 4 years in the future]
::3001: The Final Odyssey [1997, 1004 years in the future]
::Enterprise [2001-2005, 150 years in the future]
::This chart [2015, 0 years in the future]
:'''Years in the Past'''
:[A logarithmic scale running vertically, from 0 down past 1 billion to "Big Bang"]
:'''Stories Set in the Past''' (History, Period Fiction)
::Stories written X years ago and set 2X years ago
::[A line divides this region into two. The upper side is labelled as follows.]
::'''Former Period Pieces'''
::Stories set in the past, but created long enough ago that they were published closer to their setting than to today.
::Modern audiences may not recognize which parts were ''supposed'' to sound old.
:[from left to right...]
::The Epic of Gilgamesh [''circa'' 2100 BCE, 600 years in the past]
::The Iliad [''circa''' 800 BCE, 450 years in the past]
::History of the Peloponnesian War [''circa'' 390 BCE, 10 years in the past]
::Book of Genesis [''circa'' 500 BCE, 4000 years in the past]
::Ashokavadana [''circa'' 100 BCE, 300 years in the past]
::Gospels (various estimates) [''circa'' 250 CE, 24 to 75 years in the past]
::The Pillow Book [1000 CE, 5 years in the past]
::Water Margin [''circa'' 1300, 195 years in the past]
::Richard III [''circa'' 1590, 115 years in the past]
::Julius Caesar [1599, 1650 years in the past]
::King John [''circa'' 1600, 500 years in the past]
::Henry IV [''circa'' 1600, 190 years in the past]
::King Lear [''circa'' 1606, 3000 years in the past]
::Henry VIII [''circa'' 1612, 105 years in the past]
::The Last of the Mohicans [1826, 69 years in the past]
::Rip Van Winkel [1819, 31-51 years in the past]
::A Tale of Two Cities [1859, 60 years in the past]
::Moby-Dick [1851, around 10 years ago]
:::"Some years ago--never mind how long precisely..."
::Les Miserábles [1862, 30 years in the past]
::A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
::Treasure Island
::Gone With the Wind
::Lest Darkness Fall
::Casablanca
::Oklahoma!
::The Ten Commandments
::The Bridge on the River Kwai
::Gunsmoke
::Catch-22 (book)
::The Flintstones
::The Great Escape
::Asterix
::Lawrence of Arabia
::The Music Man
::Bonnie and Clyde
::2001: A Space Odyssey (prologue)
::American Graffiti
::Patton
::Catch-22 (movie)
::Chinatown
::Blazing Saddles
::Apocalypse Now
::Happy Days
::Grease
::M*A*S*H
::Annie (play)
::Roots
::Chariots of Fire
::Star Wars (IV-VI)
::Annie (movie)
::The Right Stuff
::Back to the Future
::Gandhi
::Platoon
::Dirty Dancing
::Back to the Future Part III
::The Wonder Years
::JFK
::The Sandlot
::Schindler's List
::Raptor Red
::Apollo 13
::Star Wars (I-III)
::The Big Lebowski
::Evita
::Saving Private Ryan
::The Prince of Egypt
::Freaks and Geeks
::Hotel Rwanda
::I Love the '80s
::That '70s Show
::Pearl Harbor
::Ice Age
::I Love the '90s
::United 93
::300
::10,000 BC
::Year One
::The Wolf of Wall Street
::I Love the 2000s
::Mad Men
::Downton Abbey
::Star Wars (VII-IX)

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Large drawings]]

1491: Stories of the Past and Future

2015-02-26T03:09:44Z

Steammaster: /* Works listed */

{{comic
| number = 1491
| date = February 25, 2015
| title = Stories of the Past and Future
| image = stories_of_the_past_and_future.png
| titletext = Little-known fact: The 'Dawn of Man' opening sequence in 2001 cuts away seconds before the Flinstones theme becomes recognizable.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page.}}
''A larger version of the image is available [http://xkcd.com/1491/large/ here].''

How to read the graph:
* X-axis: Date of publication.
* Y-axis, "Years in the future": Number of years the story's events take place, after the story's publication.
* Y-axis, "Years in the past": Number of years the story's events take place, before the story's publication.
: For example, "Water Margin" was published in the 14th century (x ~= 1300) and relates events from the 12th century, about 200 years before its publication (y ~= 200 in the past).
: Another example: The film ''{{w|The Bridge on the River Kwai}}'' was released in 1957 and it was set around 14 years before (~1942-43).
* Grey area in the "Years in the future" part: Stories set in the future (from their publication's date), whose the story's events' date is already past (from now). In the top portion of the graph, the two sides of the line are defined as "still possible" and "obsolete" (gray area). The gray area (obsolete) expands over time, the prediction (or science fiction work) that are not confirmed by reality are doomed to be obsolete.
* Grey area in the "Years in the past" part: Stories set in the past (from their publication's date), published closer to their setting than to today. The warning "Modern audiences may not recognize which part were supposed to sound old" is a recurrent theme in the author's work, being already formulated in [[771: Period Speech|Period Speech]] comic.

Taking the "years in the past" on the y-axis to be read as negatives like in most graphs one can write:
* Dates on the lower line satisfy: y = x-2015. Corresponding works were published in the year x = 2015+y and are set in the year x+y = 2015+2y.
* Dates on the upper line satisfy: y = 2015-x. Corresponding works were published in the year x = 2015-y and are set in the year x+y = 2015.
Thus it's clear that the definitions of the lines are consistent with each other as they follow similar but inverted functions.
The graph uses variable {{w|logarithmic scale}}s, adjusting the scale in various regions to the temporal density of works being plotted. If the scale was linear, the graph would in fact represent a (bidimensional) {{w|Minkowski diagram}}, which depicts the moving cones of past and future in spacetime as one's present advances in time.

===Works listed===

{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Publication'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Description'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year written'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year difference'''
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year set in'''
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Memoirs of the Twentieth Century|Memoirs of the Twentieth Century]]|| book written by Samuel Madden||1733||264||1997
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Golf in the Year 2000|Golf in the Year 2000]]|| novel written by J. McCullough||1892||108||2000
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Looking Backward|Looking Backward]]|| novel written by Edward Bellamy||1888||112||2000
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Enoch Soames|Enoch Soames]]|| short story by Max Beerbohm||1897||100||1997
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Time Machine|The Time Machine]]|| novel written by H.G. Wells||1895||800,806||802,701
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Nineteen Eighty-Four|1984]]||novel written by George Orwell||1949||35||1984
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Wythnos yng Nghymru Fydd|A Week in the Wales of the Future]]||novel written by Islwyn Ffowc Elis||1957||76||2033
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Jetsons|The Jetsons]]||TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera||1962 *||100||2062 †
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek !TOS!]]||TV series created by Gene Roddenberry||1966 *||298||2264
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1968||33||2001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Space: 1999|Space: 1999]]||TV series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson||1975 *||24||1999
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2010: Odyssey Two|2010: Odyssey Two]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1982||28||2010
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: The Next Generation|Star Trek: The Next Generation]]||TV series created by Gene Roddenberry||1987 *||377||2364
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2061: Odyssey Three|2061: Odyssey Three]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1987||74||2061
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Zero Wing|Zero Wing]]||arcade/computer game||1989||112||2101 (previously referenced in [[887: Future Timeline]])
|-
| [[Wikipedia:3001: The Final Odyssey|3001: The Final Odyssey]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1997||1004||3001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: Enterprise|Enterprise]]||TV series||2001 *||150||2151
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Back to the Future Part II|Back to the Future Part II]]||film directed by Robert Zemeckis||1989||26||2015
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Transformers (TV series)|Transformers (TV Series)]]||TV series||1984 *||~ 20||< 2010
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Terminator 2: Judgment Day|Terminator 2 (1995 Portion)]]||film directed by James Cameron||1991||4||1995
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]||film directed by Michael Curtiz||1942||< 1||1941
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Pillow Book|The Pillow Book]]||book written by Sei Shōnagon||1002||6||996
|-
| [[Wikipedia:History of the Peloponnesian War|History of the Peloponnesian War]]||history written by Thucydides||~400 BCE||~10||431-411 BCE
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Moby-Dick|Moby-Dick]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Gospels|Gospels]]||A collection of literary works detailing the life of Christ
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Epic of Gilgamesh|Epic of Gilgamesh]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Iliad|Iliad]]||Epic written by Greek philosopher Homer
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Ashokavadana|Ashokavadana]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Book of Genesis|Book of Genesis]]||The first book of the bible, describing the creation of the world, and human beings
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Water Margin|Water Margin]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:King John (play)|King John]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||~400||~1200-1216
|-
| [[wikipedia:Henry IV (play)|Henry IV]]||plays by William Shakespeare||1598*||185-196||1402-1413
|-
| [[wikipedia:Richard III (play)|Richard III]]||play by William Shakespeare||1597||112-119||1478-1485
|-
| [[wikipedia:Henry VIII (play)|Henry VIII]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||90-102||1521-1533
|-
| [[wikipedia:Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||1667-1670||45-2 B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:King Lear|King Lear]]||play by William Shakespeare||1608||2400|| 8th century B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court|A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]||novel by Mark Twain||1889||1200||6th Century
|-
| [[wikipedia:Lest Darkness Fall|Lest Darkness Fall]]||alternate history SF novel by L. Sprague de Camp||1939||1404||535
|-
|[[wikipedia:Asterix|Asterix]]||French comic by Goscinny and Uderzo||1959*||-2013||50 B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Ten Commandments (1956 film)|The Ten Commandments]]||film by Cecil B. DeMille||1956||->3000||[[wikipedia:The Exodus#Date|1446 BCE]]†
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Flintstones|The Flintstones]]||TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera||1960*||->2,5 million||[[wikipedia:Stone Age|Stone Age]]
|-
| [[wikipedia:2001: A Space Odyssey|2001: A Space Odyssey (prologue)]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1968|||-3 million||3 million years B.C. (4 in the movie)
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars#Original trilogy|Star Wars (IV - VI)]]||original film trilogy ||1977-1983|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars#Prequel trilogy|Star Wars (I - III)]]||prequel film trilogy||1999-2005|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Raptor Red|Raptor Red]]||novel by Robert Bakker||1995||->65 million||Cretaceous Period
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars sequel trilogy|Star Wars (VII - IX)]]||sequel film trilogy||2015-2021|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Ice Age (film series)|Ice Age]]||animated films by Blue Sky Studios||2002*||->12,000||[[wikipedia:Last glacial period| Paleolithic-Mesolithic]]
|-
|[[wikipedia:10,000 BC (film)|10,000 BC]]||film by Roland Emmerich||2008||-11,992||10,000 BC
|-
| [[wikipedia:300 (film)|300]]||film by Zack Snyder||2007||-2487||[[wikipedia:Battle of Thermopylae|480 BC]]
|-
| [[wikipedia:Year One (film)|Year One]]||film by Harold Ramis||2009||-2008||1 AD
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Prince of Egypt|The Prince of Egypt]]||animated film by DreamWorks||1998||->3400|[[wikipedia:The Exodus#Date|1446 BCE]]†
|-
| [[wikipedia:Downton Abbey|Downtown Abbey]]||TV series||2010*||->90||1912-1923
|-
| [[wikipedia:Pearl Harbor (film)|Pearl Harbour]]||film by Michael Bay||2001||-60||1941
|-
| [[wikipedia:Saving Private Ryan|Saving Private Ryan]]||film by Steven Spielberg||1998||-54||1944
|-
| [[wikipedia:Chariots of Fire|Chariots of Fire]]||film by Hugh Hudson||1981||-57||1924
|-
| [[wikipedia:Blazing Saddles|Blazing Saddles]]||film by Mel Brooks||1974||-100||1874
|-
| [[wikipedia:Back to the Future Part III|Back to the Future Part III]]||film by Robert Zemeckis||1990||-105||1885
|-
| [[wikipedia:Roots (miniseries)|Roots]]||TV series, adapted from eponymous novel||1977||->113||1750-1861
|-
| [[wikipedia:Treasure Island|Treasure Island]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Last of the Mohicans|The Last of the Mohicans]]||Novel by James Cooper||1826||-69||1757
|-
| [[wikipedia:A Tale of Two Cities|A Tale of Two Cities]]||A book written by Charles Dickens
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gone With The Wind|Gone With The Wind]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gunsmoke|Gunsmoke]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Rip Van Winkle|Rip Van Winkel [sic]]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Les Misérables|Les Miserábles [sic]]]||Novel by Victor Hugo||1862||-47||1815-1832
|-
| [[wikipedia:Oklahoma!|Oklahoma!]]||Broadway musical||1943||-37||1906
|-
| [[wikipedia:Lawrence of Arabia|Lawrence of Arabia]]||film by David Lean||1962||->44||1916-8
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Music Man|The Music Man]]||Broadway musical||1957||-45||1912
|-
| [[wikipedia:Annie (musical)|Annie (play)]]||Broadway musical||1977||-44||1933
|-
| [[wikipedia:Annie (1982 film)|Annie (movie)]]||film adaptation of the above by John Huston||1982||-49||1933
|-
| [[wikipedia:Schindler's List|Schindler's List]]||film by Steven Spielberg||1993||->48||1939-1945
|-
| [[wikipedia:Mad Men|Mad Men]]||TV series||2007*||->47||1960-1970
|-
| [[wikipedia:Evita (1996 film)|Evita]]||film by Alan Parker||1996||-44||1952
|-
| [[wikipedia:Bonnie and Clyde(film)|Bonnie and Clyde]]||film by Arthur Penn||1967||->33||1932-4
|-
| [[wikipedia:Chinatown (1974 film)|Chinatown]]||film by Roman Polanski||1974||-37||1937
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gandhi (film)|Gandhi]]||film by Robert Attenborough||1982||->34||1893-1948
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Sandlot|The Sandlot]]||film by David Mickey Evans||1993||-31||1962
|-
| [[wikipedia:Back to the Future|Back to the Future]]||film by Robert Zemeckis||1985||-30||1955
|-
| [[wikipedia:Patton (film)|Patton]]||film by Franklin J. Schaffner||1970||->25||1943-5
|-
| [[wikipedia:Catch-22 (film)|Catch-22 (Movie)]]||film by Mike Nichols||1970||->26||1942-44
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Great Escape (film)|The Great Escape]]||film by John Sturges||1963||-20||1943-4
|-
| [[wikipedia:Catch-22|Catch-22 (Book)]]||novel by Joseph Heller||1961||->17||1942-44
|-
| [[wikipedia:MASH (film)|M*A*S*H]]||film by Robert Altman||1970||-19||1951
|-
| [[wikipedia:Grease (film)|Grease]]||film by Randall Kleiser||1978||-20||1958
|-
| [[wikipedia:Happy Days|Happy Days]]||TV series||1974-84||-19||1955-1965
|-
| [[wikipedia:Platoon (film)|Platoon]]||film by Oliver Stone||1986||-21||1967
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Wonder Years|The Wonder Years]]||TV series||1988-93||-20||1968-73
|-
| [[wikipedia:Dirty Dancing|Dirty Dancing]]||film by Emile Ardolino||1987||-24||1963
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Right Stuff (film)|The Right Stuff]]||film by Philip Kaufman||1983||->20||1947-63
|-
| [[wikipedia:JFK (film)|JFK]]||film by Oliver Stone||1991||->22||1963-9
|-
| [[wikipedia:Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]||film by Ron Howard||1995||-25||1970
|-
| [[wikipedia:That '70s Show|That '70s Show]]||TV series||1998-2006||->22|||1976-1979
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Wolf of Wall Street|The Wolf of Wall Street]]||film by Martin Scorsese||2013||->18||1987-1995
|-
| [[wikipedia:Freaks and Geeks|Freaks and Geeks]]||TV series||1999-2000||-19||1980-1
|-
| [[wikipedia:I Love the '80s (U.S. TV series)|I Love the '80s]]||TV miniseries by VH1||2002||-22||1980
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Bridge on the River Kwai|The Bridge on the River Kwai]]||film by David Lean||1952||-9\10||1942-3
|-
| [[wikipedia:American Graffiti|American Graffiti]]||film by George Lucas||1973||-11||1962
|-
| [[wikipedia:Apocalypse Now|Apocalypse Now]]||film by Francis Ford Coppola||1979||-10||1969
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Big Lebowski|The Big Lebowski]]||film by the Coen Brothers||1998||-7||1991
|-
| [[Wikipedia:United 93 (film)|United 93]]|| film directed by Paul Greengrass||2006||-5||2001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I Love the '90s (U.S. TV series)|I Love the '90s]]|| TV miniseries on VH1||2004||-14||1990
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Hotel Rwanda|Hotel Rwanda]]|| film directed by Terry George||2004||-10||1994
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I Love the 2000s|I Love the 2000s]]|| TV miniseries on VH1||2014||-14||2000
|-
|
|}

* = first episode aired. † = conjectured year set in.

==Trivia==
There is a hypercorrection in ''{{w|Rip Van Winkle}}'' as ''Rip van Winkel''. Washington Irving may have misspelled ''van {{w|nl:Winkel|Winkel}}''.

It's ''{{w|Les Misérables}}'' not ''Les Miserábles''. Note that French doesn't have "á".

{{w|Lest Darkness Fall}} takes place about 1400 years in the past, but is places around the -500 years line on the graph.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript}}
:'''Date of publication'''
:[A logarithmic scale running horizontally, from 3000 BCE to past 2015 CE]
:'''Years in the future'''
:[A logarithmic scale running vertically, from 1 billion down to 0]
:'''Stories set in the future''' (science fiction, prediction)
::Stories set in 2015
::[A line divides this region into two. The upper side is labelled "still possible"; the lower side is labelled "obsolete".]
:[from left to right...]
::Memoirs of the Twentieth Century [1733, 265 years in the future]
::Looking Backward [1888, 112 years in the future]
::Golf in the Year 2000 [1892, 108 years in the future]
::The Time Machine [1895, 800 thousand to 30 million years in the future]
::Enoch Soames [1916, ''circa'' 60 years in the future]
::1984 [1949, 35 years in the future]
::A Week in the Wales of the Future [1957, 76 years in the future]
::The Jetsons [1962-63, 100 years in the future]
::Star Trek [1966-69, 300 years in the future]
::2001: A Space Odyssey [1968, 33 years in the future]
::Space: 1999 [1975-77, 24 years in the future]
::2010: Odyssey Two [1982, 28 years in the future]
::Transformers (TV series) [1984-87, 20 years in the future]
::2061: Odyssey Three [1987, 74 years in the future]
::Star Trek: The Next Generation [1987-94, ''circa'' 500 years in the future]
::Back to the Future Part II [1989, 26 years in the future]
::Zero Wing [1989, 112 years in the future]
::Terminator 2 (1995 portion) [1991, 4 years in the future]
::3001: The Final Odyssey [1997, 1004 years in the future]
::Enterprise [2001-2005, 150 years in the future]
::This chart [2015, 0 years in the future]
:'''Years in the Past'''
:[A logarithmic scale running vertically, from 0 down past 1 billion to "Big Bang"]
:'''Stories Set in the Past''' (History, Period Fiction)
::Stories written X years ago and set 2X years ago
::[A line divides this region into two. The upper side is labelled as follows.]
::'''Former Period Pieces'''
::Stories set in the past, but created long enough ago that they were published closer to their setting than to today.
::Modern audiences may not recognize which parts were ''supposed'' to sound old.
:[from left to right...]
::The Epic of Gilgamesh [''circa'' 2100 BCE, 600 years in the past]
::The Iliad [''circa''' 800 BCE, 450 years in the past]
::History of the Peloponnesian War [''circa'' 390 BCE, 10 years in the past]
::Book of Genesis [''circa'' 500 BCE, 4000 years in the past]
::Ashokavadana [''circa'' 100 BCE, 300 years in the past]
::Gospels (various estimates) [''circa'' 250 CE, 24 to 75 years in the past]
::The Pillow Book [1000 CE, 5 years in the past]
::Water Margin [''circa'' 1300, 195 years in the past]
::Richard III [''circa'' 1590, 115 years in the past]
::Julius Caesar [1599, 1650 years in the past]
::King John [''circa'' 1600, 500 years in the past]
::Henry IV [''circa'' 1600, 190 years in the past]
::King Lear [''circa'' 1606, 3000 years in the past]
::Henry VIII [''circa'' 1612, 105 years in the past]
::The Last of the Mohicans [1826, 69 years in the past]
::Rip Van Winkel [1819, 31-51 years in the past]
::A Tale of Two Cities [1859, 60 years in the past]
::Moby-Dick [1851, around 10 years ago]
:::"Some years ago--never mind how long precisely..."
::Les Miserábles [1862, 30 years in the past]
::A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
::Treasure Island
::Gone With the Wind
::Lest Darkness Fall
::Casablanca
::Oklahoma!
::The Ten Commandments
::The Bridge on the River Kwai
::Gunsmoke
::Catch-22 (book)
::The Flintstones
::The Great Escape
::Asterix
::Lawrence of Arabia
::The Music Man
::Bonnie and Clyde
::2001: A Space Odyssey (prologue)
::American Graffiti
::Patton
::Catch-22 (movie)
::Chinatown
::Blazing Saddles
::Apocalypse Now
::Happy Days
::Grease
::M*A*S*H
::Annie (play)
::Roots
::Chariots of Fire
::Star Wars (IV-VI)
::Annie (movie)
::The Right Stuff
::Back to the Future
::Gandhi
::Platoon
::Dirty Dancing
::Back to the Future Part III
::The Wonder Years
::JFK
::The Sandlot
::Schindler's List
::Raptor Red
::Apollo 13
::Star Wars (I-III)
::The Big Lebowski
::Evita
::Saving Private Ryan
::The Prince of Egypt
::Freaks and Geeks
::Hotel Rwanda
::I Love the '80s
::That '70s Show
::Pearl Harbor
::Ice Age
::I Love the '90s
::United 93
::300
::10,000 BC
::Year One
::The Wolf of Wall Street
::I Love the 2000s
::Mad Men
::Downton Abbey
::Star Wars (VII-IX)

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Large drawings]]

1491: Stories of the Past and Future

2015-02-26T03:07:47Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 1491
| date = February 25, 2015
| title = Stories of the Past and Future
| image = stories_of_the_past_and_future.png
| titletext = Little-known fact: The 'Dawn of Man' opening sequence in 2001 cuts away seconds before the Flinstones theme becomes recognizable.
}}

==Explanation==
{{incomplete|Created by a BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page.}}
''A larger version of the image is available [http://xkcd.com/1491/large/ here].''

How to read the graph:
* X-axis: Date of publication.
* Y-axis, "Years in the future": Number of years the story's events take place, after the story's publication.
* Y-axis, "Years in the past": Number of years the story's events take place, before the story's publication.
: For example, "Water Margin" was published in the 14th century (x ~= 1300) and relates events from the 12th century, about 200 years before its publication (y ~= 200 in the past).
: Another example: The film ''{{w|The Bridge on the River Kwai}}'' was released in 1957 and it was set around 14 years before (~1942-43).
* Grey area in the "Years in the future" part: Stories set in the future (from their publication's date), whose the story's events' date is already past (from now). In the top portion of the graph, the two sides of the line are defined as "still possible" and "obsolete" (gray area). The gray area (obsolete) expands over time, the prediction (or science fiction work) that are not confirmed by reality are doomed to be obsolete.
* Grey area in the "Years in the past" part: Stories set in the past (from their publication's date), published closer to their setting than to today. The warning "Modern audiences may not recognize which part were supposed to sound old" is a recurrent theme in the author's work, being already formulated in [[771: Period Speech|Period Speech]] comic.

Taking the "years in the past" on the y-axis to be read as negatives like in most graphs one can write:
* Dates on the lower line satisfy: y = x-2015. Corresponding works were published in the year x = 2015+y and are set in the year x+y = 2015+2y.
* Dates on the upper line satisfy: y = 2015-x. Corresponding works were published in the year x = 2015-y and are set in the year x+y = 2015.
Thus it's clear that the definitions of the lines are consistent with each other as they follow similar but inverted functions.
The graph uses variable {{w|logarithmic scale}}s, adjusting the scale in various regions to the temporal density of works being plotted. If the scale was linear, the graph would in fact represent a (bidimensional) {{w|Minkowski diagram}}, which depicts the moving cones of past and future in spacetime as one's present advances in time.

===Works listed===

{| {{table}}
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Publication'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Description'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year written'''
| align="center" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year difference'''
| align="left" style="background:#f0f0f0;"|'''Year set in'''
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Memoirs of the Twentieth Century|Memoirs of the Twentieth Century]]|| book written by Samuel Madden||1733||264||1997
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Golf in the Year 2000|Golf in the Year 2000]]|| novel written by J. McCullough||1892||108||2000
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Looking Backward|Looking Backward]]|| novel written by Edward Bellamy||1888||112||2000
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Enoch Soames|Enoch Soames]]|| short story by Max Beerbohm||1897||100||1997
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Time Machine|The Time Machine]]|| novel written by H.G. Wells||1895||800,806||802,701
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Nineteen Eighty-Four|1984]]||novel written by George Orwell||1949||35||1984
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Wythnos yng Nghymru Fydd|A Week in the Wales of the Future]]||novel written by Islwyn Ffowc Elis||1957||76||2033
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Jetsons|The Jetsons]]||TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera||1962 *||100||2062 †
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: The Original Series|Star Trek !TOS!]]||TV series created by Gene Roddenberry||1966 *||298||2264
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2001: A Space Odyssey (film)|2001: A Space Odyssey]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1968||33||2001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Space: 1999|Space: 1999]]||TV series created by Gerry and Sylvia Anderson||1975 *||24||1999
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2010: Odyssey Two|2010: Odyssey Two]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1982||28||2010
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: The Next Generation|Star Trek: The Next Generation]]||TV series created by Gene Roddenberry||1987 *||377||2364
|-
| [[Wikipedia:2061: Odyssey Three|2061: Odyssey Three]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1987||74||2061
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Zero Wing|Zero Wing]]||arcade/computer game||1989||112||2101 (previously referenced in [[887: Future Timeline]])
|-
| [[Wikipedia:3001: The Final Odyssey|3001: The Final Odyssey]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1997||1004||3001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Star Trek: Enterprise|Enterprise]]||TV series||2001 *||150||2151
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Back to the Future Part II|Back to the Future Part II]]||film directed by Robert Zemeckis||1989||26||2015
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Transformers (TV series)|Transformers (TV Series)]]||TV series||1984 *||~ 20||< 2010
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Terminator 2: Judgment Day|Terminator 2 (1995 Portion)]]||film directed by James Cameron||1991||4||1995
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Casablanca (film)|Casablanca]]||film directed by Michael Curtiz||1942||< 1||1941
|-
| [[Wikipedia:The Pillow Book|The Pillow Book]]||book written by Sei Shōnagon||1002||6||996
|-
| [[Wikipedia:History of the Peloponnesian War|History of the Peloponnesian War]]||history written by Thucydides||~400 BCE||~10||431-411 BCE
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Moby-Dick|Moby-Dick]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Gospels|Gospels]]||A collection of literary works detailing the life of Christ
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Epic of Gilgamesh|Epic of Gilgamesh]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Iliad|Iliad]]||Epic written by Greek philosopher Homer
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Ashokavadana|Ashokavadana]]||||||||
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Book of Genesis|Book of Genesis]]||The first book of the bible, describing the creation of the world, and human beings
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Water Margin|Water Margin]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:King John (play)|King John]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||~400||~1200-1216
|-
| [[wikipedia:Henry IV (play)|Henry IV]]||plays by William Shakespeare||1598*||185-196||1402-1413
|-
| [[wikipedia:Richard III (play)|Richard III]]||play by William Shakespeare||1597||112-119||1478-1485
|-
| [[wikipedia:Henry VIII (play)|Henry VIII]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||90-102||1521-1533
|-
| [[wikipedia:Julius Caesar (play)|Julius Caesar]]||play by William Shakespeare||1623||1667-1670||45-2 B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:King Lear|King Lear]]||play by William Shakespeare||1608||2400|| 8th century B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court|A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court]]||novel by Mark Twain||1889||1200||6th Century
|-
| [[wikipedia:Lest Darkness Fall|Lest Darkness Fall]]||alternate history SF novel by L. Sprague de Camp||1939||1404||535
|-
|[[wikipedia:Asterix|Asterix]]||French comic by Goscinny and Uderzo||1959*||-2013||50 B.C.
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Ten Commandments (1956 film)|The Ten Commandments]]||film by Cecil B. DeMille||1956||->3000||[[wikipedia:The Exodus#Date|1446 BCE]]†
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Flintstones|The Flintstones]]||TV series produced by Hanna-Barbera||1960*||->2,5 million||[[wikipedia:Stone Age|Stone Age]]
|-
| [[wikipedia:2001: A Space Odyssey|2001: A Space Odyssey (prologue)]]||novel written by Arthur C. Clarke||1968|||-3 million||3 million years B.C. (4 in the movie)
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars#Original trilogy|Star Wars (IV - VI)]]||original film trilogy ||1977-1983|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars#Prequel trilogy|Star Wars (I - III)]]||prequel film trilogy||1999-2005|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Raptor Red|Raptor Red]]||novel by Robert Bakker||1995||->65 million||Cretaceous Period
|-
| [[wikipedia:Star Wars sequel trilogy|Star Wars (VII - IX)]]||sequel film trilogy||2015-2021|| ||A long time ago
|-
| [[wikipedia:Ice Age (film series)|Ice Age]]||animated films by Blue Sky Studios||2002*||->12,000||[[wikipedia:Last glacial period| Paleolithic-Mesolithic]]
|-
|[[wikipedia:10,000 BC (film)|10,000 BC]]||film by Roland Emmerich||2008||-11,992||10,000 BC
|-
| [[wikipedia:300 (film)|300]]||film by Zack Snyder||2007||-2487||[[wikipedia:Battle of Thermopylae|480 BC]]
|-
| [[wikipedia:Year One (film)|Year One]]||film by Harold Ramis||2009||-2008||1 AD
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Prince of Egypt|The Prince of Egypt]]||animated film by DreamWorks||1998||->3400|[[wikipedia:The Exodus#Date|1446 BCE]]†
|-
| [[wikipedia:Downton Abbey|Downtown Abbey]]||TV series||2010*||->90||1912-1923
|-
| [[wikipedia:Pearl Harbor (film)|Pearl Harbour]]||film by Michael Bay||2001||-60||1941
|-
| [[wikipedia:Saving Private Ryan|Saving Private Ryan]]||film by Steven Spielberg||1998||-54||1944
|-
| [[wikipedia:Chariots of Fire|Chariots of Fire]]||film by Hugh Hudson||1981||-57||1924
|-
| [[wikipedia:Blazing Saddles|Blazing Saddles]]||film by Mel Brooks||1974||-100||1874
|-
| [[wikipedia:Back to the Future Part III|Back to the Future Part III]]||film by Robert Zemeckis||1990||-105||1885
|-
| [[wikipedia:Roots (miniseries)|Roots]]||TV series, adapted from eponymous novel||1977||->113||1750-1861
|-
| [[wikipedia:Treasure Island|Treasure Island]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Last of the Mohicans|The Last of the Mohicans]]||Novel by James Cooper||1826||-69||1757
|-
| [[wikipedia:A Tale of Two Cities|A Tale of Two Cities]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gone With The Wind|Gone With The Wind]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gunsmoke|Gunsmoke]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Rip Van Winkle|Rip Van Winkel [sic]]]||||||||
|-
| [[wikipedia:Les Misérables|Les Miserábles [sic]]]||Novel by Victor Hugo||1862||-47||1815-1832
|-
| [[wikipedia:Oklahoma!|Oklahoma!]]||Broadway musical||1943||-37||1906
|-
| [[wikipedia:Lawrence of Arabia|Lawrence of Arabia]]||film by David Lean||1962||->44||1916-8
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Music Man|The Music Man]]||Broadway musical||1957||-45||1912
|-
| [[wikipedia:Annie (musical)|Annie (play)]]||Broadway musical||1977||-44||1933
|-
| [[wikipedia:Annie (1982 film)|Annie (movie)]]||film adaptation of the above by John Huston||1982||-49||1933
|-
| [[wikipedia:Schindler's List|Schindler's List]]||film by Steven Spielberg||1993||->48||1939-1945
|-
| [[wikipedia:Mad Men|Mad Men]]||TV series||2007*||->47||1960-1970
|-
| [[wikipedia:Evita (1996 film)|Evita]]||film by Alan Parker||1996||-44||1952
|-
| [[wikipedia:Bonnie and Clyde(film)|Bonnie and Clyde]]||film by Arthur Penn||1967||->33||1932-4
|-
| [[wikipedia:Chinatown (1974 film)|Chinatown]]||film by Roman Polanski||1974||-37||1937
|-
| [[wikipedia:Gandhi (film)|Gandhi]]||film by Robert Attenborough||1982||->34||1893-1948
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Sandlot|The Sandlot]]||film by David Mickey Evans||1993||-31||1962
|-
| [[wikipedia:Back to the Future|Back to the Future]]||film by Robert Zemeckis||1985||-30||1955
|-
| [[wikipedia:Patton (film)|Patton]]||film by Franklin J. Schaffner||1970||->25||1943-5
|-
| [[wikipedia:Catch-22 (film)|Catch-22 (Movie)]]||film by Mike Nichols||1970||->26||1942-44
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Great Escape (film)|The Great Escape]]||film by John Sturges||1963||-20||1943-4
|-
| [[wikipedia:Catch-22|Catch-22 (Book)]]||novel by Joseph Heller||1961||->17||1942-44
|-
| [[wikipedia:MASH (film)|M*A*S*H]]||film by Robert Altman||1970||-19||1951
|-
| [[wikipedia:Grease (film)|Grease]]||film by Randall Kleiser||1978||-20||1958
|-
| [[wikipedia:Happy Days|Happy Days]]||TV series||1974-84||-19||1955-1965
|-
| [[wikipedia:Platoon (film)|Platoon]]||film by Oliver Stone||1986||-21||1967
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Wonder Years|The Wonder Years]]||TV series||1988-93||-20||1968-73
|-
| [[wikipedia:Dirty Dancing|Dirty Dancing]]||film by Emile Ardolino||1987||-24||1963
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Right Stuff (film)|The Right Stuff]]||film by Philip Kaufman||1983||->20||1947-63
|-
| [[wikipedia:JFK (film)|JFK]]||film by Oliver Stone||1991||->22||1963-9
|-
| [[wikipedia:Apollo 13 (film)|Apollo 13]]||film by Ron Howard||1995||-25||1970
|-
| [[wikipedia:That '70s Show|That '70s Show]]||TV series||1998-2006||->22|||1976-1979
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Wolf of Wall Street|The Wolf of Wall Street]]||film by Martin Scorsese||2013||->18||1987-1995
|-
| [[wikipedia:Freaks and Geeks|Freaks and Geeks]]||TV series||1999-2000||-19||1980-1
|-
| [[wikipedia:I Love the '80s (U.S. TV series)|I Love the '80s]]||TV miniseries by VH1||2002||-22||1980
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Bridge on the River Kwai|The Bridge on the River Kwai]]||film by David Lean||1952||-9\10||1942-3
|-
| [[wikipedia:American Graffiti|American Graffiti]]||film by George Lucas||1973||-11||1962
|-
| [[wikipedia:Apocalypse Now|Apocalypse Now]]||film by Francis Ford Coppola||1979||-10||1969
|-
| [[wikipedia:The Big Lebowski|The Big Lebowski]]||film by the Coen Brothers||1998||-7||1991
|-
| [[Wikipedia:United 93 (film)|United 93]]|| film directed by Paul Greengrass||2006||-5||2001
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I Love the '90s (U.S. TV series)|I Love the '90s]]|| TV miniseries on VH1||2004||-14||1990
|-
| [[Wikipedia:Hotel Rwanda|Hotel Rwanda]]|| film directed by Terry George||2004||-10||1994
|-
| [[Wikipedia:I Love the 2000s|I Love the 2000s]]|| TV miniseries on VH1||2014||-14||2000
|-
|
|}

* = first episode aired. † = conjectured year set in.

==Trivia==
There is a hypercorrection in ''{{w|Rip Van Winkle}}'' as ''Rip van Winkel''. Washington Irving may have misspelled ''van {{w|nl:Winkel|Winkel}}''.

It's ''{{w|Les Misérables}}'' not ''Les Miserábles''. Note that French doesn't have "á".

{{w|Lest Darkness Fall}} takes place about 1400 years in the past, but is places around the -500 years line on the graph.

==Transcript==
{{incomplete transcript}}
:'''Date of publication'''
:[A logarithmic scale running horizontally, from 3000 BCE to past 2015 CE]
:'''Years in the future'''
:[A logarithmic scale running vertically, from 1 billion down to 0]
:'''Stories set in the future''' (science fiction, prediction)
::Stories set in 2015
::[A line divides this region into two. The upper side is labelled "still possible"; the lower side is labelled "obsolete".]
:[from left to right...]
::Memoirs of the Twentieth Century [1733, 265 years in the future]
::Looking Backward [1888, 112 years in the future]
::Golf in the Year 2000 [1892, 108 years in the future]
::The Time Machine [1895, 800 thousand to 30 million years in the future]
::Enoch Soames [1916, ''circa'' 60 years in the future]
::1984 [1949, 35 years in the future]
::A Week in the Wales of the Future [1957, 76 years in the future]
::The Jetsons [1962-63, 100 years in the future]
::Star Trek [1966-69, 300 years in the future]
::2001: A Space Odyssey [1968, 33 years in the future]
::Space: 1999 [1975-77, 24 years in the future]
::2010: Odyssey Two [1982, 28 years in the future]
::Transformers (TV series) [1984-87, 20 years in the future]
::2061: Odyssey Three [1987, 74 years in the future]
::Star Trek: The Next Generation [1987-94, ''circa'' 500 years in the future]
::Back to the Future Part II [1989, 26 years in the future]
::Zero Wing [1989, 112 years in the future]
::Terminator 2 (1995 portion) [1991, 4 years in the future]
::3001: The Final Odyssey [1997, 1004 years in the future]
::Enterprise [2001-2005, 150 years in the future]
::This chart [2015, 0 years in the future]
:'''Years in the Past'''
:[A logarithmic scale running vertically, from 0 down past 1 billion to "Big Bang"]
:'''Stories Set in the Past''' (History, Period Fiction)
::Stories written X years ago and set 2X years ago
::[A line divides this region into two. The upper side is labelled as follows.]
::'''Former Period Pieces'''
::Stories set in the past, but created long enough ago that they were published closer to their setting than to today.
::Modern audiences may not recognize which parts were ''supposed'' to sound old.
:[from left to right...]
::The Epic of Gilgamesh [''circa'' 2100 BCE, 600 years in the past]
::The Iliad [''circa''' 800 BCE, 450 years in the past]
::History of the Peloponnesian War [''circa'' 390 BCE, 10 years in the past]
::Book of Genesis [''circa'' 500 BCE, 4000 years in the past]
::Ashokavadana [''circa'' 100 BCE, 300 years in the past]
::Gospels (various estimates) [''circa'' 250 CE, 24 to 75 years in the past]
::The Pillow Book [1000 CE, 5 years in the past]
::Water Margin [''circa'' 1300, 195 years in the past]
::Richard III [''circa'' 1590, 115 years in the past]
::Julius Caesar [1599, 1650 years in the past]
::King John [''circa'' 1600, 500 years in the past]
::Henry IV [''circa'' 1600, 190 years in the past]
::King Lear [''circa'' 1606, 3000 years in the past]
::Henry VIII [''circa'' 1612, 105 years in the past]
::The Last of the Mohicans [1826, 69 years in the past]
::Rip Van Winkel [1819, 31-51 years in the past]
::A Tale of Two Cities [1859, 60 years in the past]
::Moby-Dick [1851, around 10 years ago]
:::"Some years ago--never mind how long precisely..."
::Les Miserábles [1862, 30 years in the past]
::A Connecticut Yankee in King Arthur's Court
::Treasure Island
::Gone With the Wind
::Lest Darkness Fall
::Casablanca
::Oklahoma!
::The Ten Commandments
::The Bridge on the River Kwai
::Gunsmoke
::Catch-22 (book)
::The Flintstones
::The Great Escape
::Asterix
::Lawrence of Arabia
::The Music Man
::Bonnie and Clyde
::2001: A Space Odyssey (prologue)
::American Graffiti
::Patton
::Catch-22 (movie)
::Chinatown
::Blazing Saddles
::Apocalypse Now
::Happy Days
::Grease
::M*A*S*H
::Annie (play)
::Roots
::Chariots of Fire
::Star Wars (IV-VI)
::Annie (movie)
::The Right Stuff
::Back to the Future
::Gandhi
::Platoon
::Dirty Dancing
::Back to the Future Part III
::The Wonder Years
::JFK
::The Sandlot
::Schindler's List
::Raptor Red
::Apollo 13
::Star Wars (I-III)
::The Big Lebowski
::Evita
::Saving Private Ryan
::The Prince of Egypt
::Freaks and Geeks
::Hotel Rwanda
::I Love the '80s
::That '70s Show
::Pearl Harbor
::Ice Age
::I Love the '90s
::United 93
::300
::10,000 BC
::Year One
::The Wolf of Wall Street
::I Love the 2000s
::Mad Men
::Downton Abbey
::Star Wars (VII-IX)

{{comic discussion}}

[[Category:Large drawings]]

482: Height

2015-01-22T16:18:44Z

Steammaster: /* Objects */

{{comic
| number = 482
| date = September 29, 2008
| title = Height
| before = [[#Explanation|↓ Skip to explanation ↓]]
| image = height.png
| titletext = Interestingly, on a true vertical log plot, I think the Eiffel Tower's sides would really be straight lines.
}}

==Explanation==
{{Incomplete|Review object descriptions for grammar: Independently review heights: Include why the object is noteworthy in the object description}}
The comic is a companion piece to [[485: Depth]]. Where ''Depth'' uses a {{w|logarithmic scale}} to depict the Earth at progressively greater magnification, from Earth's surface to the interior of a single proton, ''Height'' uses a logarithmic scale to depict the contents of the universe at progressively smaller distances, from the edge of the observable universe to the grass beneath our feet.

Starting from the top, as one often does when reading comics, we begin with the top of the observable universe, described as being 46 billion {{w|light years}} out from the Earth. This is the longest distance that a ray of light has ever traveled to reach Earth. To the right of the text, [[Black Hat]] stands atop the comic, having just dropped a cat off the edge; he may be testing if cats always land on their feet, or may just be being a jerk, per his usual character. As one scrolls down, the depicted distances become less compressed, until arriving at the surface of Earth, all the while approaching a 1:1 scale with real-life distances. As shown in [[1162: Log Scale]], if Randall didn't do this, the comic would be much, MUCH longer.

In this comic, most objects that are grounded on Earth are scaled logarithmically on the vertical axes and linearly on the horizontal axes (some are scaled linearly on both axes). Displaying objects in this manner noticeably distorts their shape; the Great Pyramid, for instance, looks not like a pyramid but like a bullet. In the title text, Randall muses on how the inwardly-curved sides of the Eiffel Tower might actually become perfectly straightened when subjected to this logarithmic distortion (although it is shown to bulge in the comic proper, meaning Randall probably doesn't fully believe his own musings).

Outside of the Earth's atmosphere, the objects are placed at their actual distances from Earth on the log scale, but their shapes are not subjected to the logarithmic scaling of Earth objects, instead appearing as they would be seen (otherwise, round objects like the sun would appear more egg shaped, with the flatter side facing upward). However, objects are still much larger or much smaller than they would be in real life, in order to allow them to be properly seen.

===Objects===
All objects are sorted from bottom to top by their maximum distance from earth for objects in a solar orbit, and their current distance for others.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Distance
! Object
! Description
|-
| 435 ×1024m
| Black Hat and cat
| Black Hat kicking a cat off the top of the comic, presumably to determine whether it will land on its feet.
|-
| 435 ×1024m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | Top of observable universe
|-
| 11.3 ×1024m
| {{w|Hubble Deep Field}} objects
| Objects of extremely distant galaxies found in a long-exposure photograph by of the Hubble telescope, 12 billion light-years away.
|-
| 9.46 ×1024m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One billion light years
|-
| 2.36 ×1024m
| {{w|Great Attractor}}
| An unusual concentration of intergalactic mass.
|-
| 425 ×1021m
| {{w|Antennae Galaxies}} (colliding)
| A pair of colliding galaxies.
|-
| 23.6 ×1021m
| {{w|Andromeda Galaxy}}
| A sibling to our Milky Way. It is the nearest spiral galaxy to ours.
|-
| 9.46 ×1021m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One million light years
|-
| 2.38 ×1021m
| [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/cat-on-a-keyboard-in-space Cat on a keyboard in space]
| An internet meme featuring a picture of a cat sitting on a musical keyboard, superimposed on an image of space.
|-
| 1.56 ×1021m
| {{w|Magellanic Clouds}}
| These clouds are a pair of nearby dwarf galaxies.
|-
| 263 ×1018m
| Edge of Galaxy
| The edge of the {{w|Milky Way}} galaxy, the galaxy in which we reside.
|-
| 245 ×1018m
| {{w|Galactic Center}}
| The center of the Milky Way galaxy.
|-
| 61.5 ×1018m
| {{w|Crab Nebula}}
| Nebula are supernova remnants
|-
| 14.2 ×1018m
| {{w|Horsehead Nebula}}
| A dark nebula that is part of the Orion Constellation.
|-
| 12.7 ×1018m
| {{w|Orion Nebula}}
| A nebula that is part of the Orion Constellation, just south of Orion's Belt.
|-
| 8.14 ×1018m
| {{w|Rigel}}
| The brightest star in the Orion Constellation it is actually a triple star system known alternatively as Beta Orionis
|-
| 6.08 ×1018m
| {{w|Betelgeuse}}
| The star Betelgeuse is displayed along with the location of {{w|Ford_Prefect (character)|Ford Prefect}} on his home planet which orbits Betelgeuse. Ford Prefect is a fictional character from the science fiction parody {{w|The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy}}.
|-
| 4.20 ×1018m
| {{w|Pleiades}}
| The Pleiades also have a derogatory remark, as per [[66: Abusive Astronomy]]
|-
| 2.90 ×1018m
| The [http://en.memory-alpha.org/wiki/Romulan_Neutral_Zone Romulan Neutral Zone]
| This marks the edge of the {{w|Star Trek}} Federation.
|-
| 931 ×1015m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | The first radio broadcast was in January 1910. Since radio waves travel at the speed of light, and this was published in September of 2008 this the radio waves traveled about 98.5 light years. See {{w|Contact (1997 film)}} for a depiction of this. This is also referenced in [[1212: Interstellar Memes]].
|-
| 350 ×1015m
| {{w|Arcturus}}
| An orange giant star that is part of the Boötes constellation.
|-
| 320 ×1015m
| {{w|Pollux}}
| One of the most distinct stars in the Gemini Constellation it is large Orange Giant with an apparent visual magnitude of 1.1
|-
| 242 ×1015m
| The edge of {{w|Federation Sector 0-0-1}}
| The sector of space assigned to Earth in {{w|Star Trek}}.
|-
| 224 ×1015m
| {{w|Iraq and weapons of mass destruction|"missing WMDs"}}
| A reference to the alleged weapons of mass destruction that where used as a pretence to mobilize the world population against Iraq, and start the Iraq war.
|-
| 81.3 ×1015m
| {{w|Sirius}}
|Also known as Alpha Canis Majoris, the Dog Star, or the North Star it is actually a binary system of Stars consisting of a main sequence white star and a small white dwarf.
|-
| 56.6 ×1015m
| {{w|Barnard's Star}}
| Barnards star is a very small red giant that is of great interest to astronomers as an achievement in the SIM (Space Interforometry Mission) to find a celestial object out of solar system that is a s small as 3 earth masses
|-
| 41.3 ×1015m
| {{w|Alpha Centauri}}
| Alpha Centauri is the closest star system to our planet.
|-
| 30.9 ×1015m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One parsec.
|-
| 9.46 ×1015m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One light-year.
|-
| 15.0 ×1015m
| {{w|Oort cloud}}
| A halo of ice balls surrounding our solar system, but missing the {{w|Kupier belt}} between Neptune and the Oort cloud.
|-
| 350 ×1012m
| {{w|Bupkis}}
| Yiddish for "nothing". Only a handful of objects are known to orbit between the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud.
|-
| 55.0 ×1012m
| A comet which will destroy earth in late 2063
| To coincide with the latest biblicaly based prophesy for the [http://www.askelm.com/prophecy/p971105.htm end of the world].
|-
| 19.5 ×1012m
| {{w|Voyager 1}}
| An early space probe. Distance correct as of 20th Nov 2014, click [http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/where/ here] to see NASA's live distance counter.
|-
| 16.7 ×1012m
| {{w|Pioneer 10}}
| Listed distance is an estimate based on {{w|Pioneer_10#Current_status|this information}}.
|-
| 17.7 ×1012m
| {{w|Pioneer 11}}
| By the similarity in appearance to Pioneer 10 this unlabeled probe must be Pioneer 11. Listed distance is an estimate based on {{w|Pioneer_11#Current_status|this information}}.
|-
| 14.5 ×1012m
| {{w|Eris (dwarf planet)|Eris}}
| One of a pair of {{w|Trans-Neptunian object}}s now classified as {{w|dwarf planet}}s. The "All hail Discordia!" after Eris is a reference to {{w|Discordianism}}, a somewhat tongue-in-cheek religion based around the goddess Eris. The distance is the maximum distance from earth.
|-
| 7.50 ×1012m
| {{w|Pluto}}
| One of a pair of {{w|Trans-Neptunian object}}s now classified as {{w|dwarf planet}}s. Pluto was originally classified as the 9th planet of the Solar system. Many people was appalled when it was suddenly degraded to dwarf planet. Obviously Randall does not think much of these people thus the comment: ''Not a planet. Neener neener''. The distance is the maximum distance of Pluto from Earth.
|-
| 4.70 ×1012m
| {{w|Neptune}}
| Neptune is displayed here with its moons. Neptune is the eighth and final planet in our solar system.
|-
| 3.20 ×1012m
| {{w|Uranus}}
| Uranus is dispayed here with its moons. Uranus is the seventh planet in our solar system.
|-
| 1.67 ×1012m
| {{w|Saturn}}
| Saturn is displayed along with its moons. One of Saturn's moons, most likely Titan, is labeled as a potential location to find life. Titan is the only known moon to have an atmosphere and oceans. The oceans cannot be filled with liquid water, as it is far too cold, but are instead filled with liquid methane and ethane. Some hypothisize that life could have formed in such oceans.
|-
| 928 ×109m
| {{w|Jupiter}}
| Jupiter is displayed along with its moons. One of Jupiter's moons, most likely Europa, is labeled as a potential location to find life. Europa may be covered by a deep ocean of water found under a layer of ice many kilometers thick. Some hypothisize that life could have formed in such oceans.
|-
| 222 ×109m
| Asteroids
| The {{w|Asteroid|Asteroid belt}} contains a spaceship from {{w|Asteroids (video game)}}
|-
| 133 ×109m
| {{w|Mars}}
| Note the path, reflecting the fact that their distances from Earth vary as the planets move in their orbits with a maximum distance of 261 million km and a minimum of 54.6 million km.
|-
| 114 ×109m
| {{w|Venus}}
| Note the path, reflecting the fact that their distances from Earth vary as the planets move in their orbits with a maximum distance of 401 million km and a minimum of 37.7 million km.
|-
| 138 ×109m
| {{w|Mercury}}
| Mercury is the first planet in out solar system. The distance shown is the maximum distance from Earth.
|-
| 149 ×109m
| {{w|Sun}}
| The Sun is the star at the center of our solar system, around which the Earth orbits.
|-
| 16.3 ×109m
| {{w|Discovery One}}
| The Discovery One from {{w|2001: A Space Odyssey}}, referring to the quote "open the pod bay door, HAL." Also may be a reference to [[375: Pod Bay Doors]].
|-
| 9.43 ×109m
| Planet Express
| The spaceplane is most likely the Planet Express from {{w|Futurama}}, where Fry once discussed "a big heaping bowl of salt."
|-
| 400 ×106m
| Human Altitude Record
| Achieved by the team of {{w|Apollo 13}} approximately 100km higher than the remaining Apollo missions.
|-
| 384 ×106m
| {{w|Moon}}
| The Moon is the Earth's only natural satellite.
|-
| 90.4 ×106m
| {{w|Snoop Dogg}}
| A toung in cheek reffrence to a rapper notorious for smoking marijuana, is shown as having the second-highest altitude record. Someone who is taking drugs is said to be getting high.
|-
| 60.5 ×106m
| {{w|Space elevator}}
| A proposed method of transporting cargo or people into orbit, consisting of a large mass beyond geosynchronous orbit, a station at the geosynchronous point, a cable connecting it to the Earth, and a climber that can scale the cable. Space elevators are also seen in [[697: Tensile vs. Shear Strength]] and [[536: Space Elevators]].
|-
| 42.1 ×106m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | {{w|Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous Orbit}}
|-
| 20.2 ×106m
| {{w|GPS (satellite)|GPS Satellites}}
| GPS satellites are used for global positioning.
|-
| 3.94 ×106m
| {{w|Lunar Lander}}
| The quote is a reference to {{w|Contact (1997 film)}} where the main character Ellie Arroway after witnessing a celestial light show up close says "Poetry! They should've sent a poet.".
|-
| 800 ×103m
| {{w|Space debris|Space Junk}}
| There is a large quantity of defunct objects in orbit around the earth. Amongst other things, this includes old satellites, rocket stages and fragments from collisions or disintegration. Space junk is also referenced in [[1242: Scary Names]] under the title {{w|Kessler syndrome}}
|-
| 422.5 ×103m
| {{w|International Space Station}}
| The ISS (International Space Station) is a multinational effort to put a research vessel in space. It is currently the largest artifical object in Earth's orbit, as well as the location of the longest continuous human presence in space.
|-
| 100 ×103m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | The {{w|Edge of space|official edge of space}} as defined by the {{w|Kármán line}}
|-
| 76.0 ×103m
| {{w|Meteors}}
| Meteors are chunks of rock (usually asteroids) that burn up in the atmosphere, producing the bright light associated with them. If the are large enough to hit the ground, they become meterorites, which is why Munroe labeled them only in the upper atmosphere.
|-
| 25.0 ×103m
| {{w|High-altitude balloon|High-altitude balloons}}
| Unmanned balloons, typically filled with helium or hydrogen. The current altitude record was set in 2002 by a balloon named BU60-1 which reached 53,000m.
|-
| 16.1 ×103m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 1/10 ATM = 0.1 {{w|Atmospheric pressure|atmosphere of pressure}}
|-
| 12.0 ×103m
| {{w|Airliner|Airliners}}
| This is a typical cruising altitude of jet aircraft, equating to roughly 40,000 feet. (Aircraft altitude tends to be specified in feet rather than metres (yay!) )
|-
| 8.84 ×103m
| {{w|Mount Everest}}
| The Earths highest mountain, located in the {{w|Himalayas|Himalayan mountain range}} in South Asia.
|-
| 8.00 ×103m
| {{w|Cory Doctorow}}
| Cory Doctorow in a balloon, a reference to comic [[239: Blagofaire]].
|-
| 6.34 ×103m
| {{w|Space Shuttle Columbia disaster}}
| The {{w|Space Shuttle Columbia}} and its seven crew were lost when it disintegrated at [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6v16AgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA7&ots=LDKQ3nsNHs&dq=shuttle%20columbia%20altitude&pg=PA7#v=onepage&q=shuttle%20columbia%20altitude&f=false approximately 63,400m] in 2003. This number is inconsistent with the height of the graph by a factor of 10 probably a mistype by Randall.
|-
| 6.00 ×103m
| {{w|Helicopter}}
| Though the record for helicopter altitude (without payload) is 12,442m, normal flying is usually performed much lower. In the US, 6000m is into {{w|Class A airspace}}, which is restricted and requires flight under {{w|Instrument Flight Rules}}.
|-
| 6.00 ×103m
| {{w|Cloud}}
| Though not actually labelled there are a couple of clouds shown. While different cloud types vary in height, 6000m is roughly in the middle of the height range for clouds in temperate regions [http://weatherfaqs.org.uk/node/21]
|-
| 5.49 ×103m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 1/2 ATM = 0.5 {{w|Atmospheric pressure|atmosphere of pressure}}
|-
| 1.78 ×103m
| [[Cueball]]
| Apparently still using Python as shown in comic [[353: Python]].
|-
| 800 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 800 meters
|-
| 800 ×100m
| {{w|Burj Khalifa|Burj Dubai}}
| Now known as the Burj Khalifa, is the tallest building in the world.
|-
| 500 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 500 meters
|-
| 400 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 400 meters
|-
| 325 ×100m
| {{w|Eiffel Tower}}
| A famous landmark in Paris, France.
|-
| 300 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 300 meters
|-
| 200 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 200 meters
|-
| 150 ×100m
| Kite
| Kite string is commonly sold in large spools; a nice thick spool will probably hold 150 meters.
|-
| 140 ×100m
| {{w|Great Pyramid of Giza}}
| One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It is located in Egypt.
|-
| 120 ×100m
| {{w|Baseball|Pop Fly}}
| In Baseball a 'Pop Fly' is when the batter mis-hits the baseball, which then follows a tall arc deep into the infield where it's easy picking for the other team to catch on its way down. The highest recorded pop fly, not including those that landed in foul territory, was 172 meters.
|-
| 115 ×100m
| {{w|Redwood Tree|Redwood trees}}
| The tallest trees in the world. At 115.61m (379.3ft) {{w|Hyperion (tree)|Hyperion}}, a Coast Redwood, holds the record for the tallest tree in the world.
|-
| 100 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 100 meters
|-
| 20.0 ×100m
| {{w|Oak}}
| While oaks may grow to be in excess of 40m in height, heights of around 20m are more typical. The person in the tree saying, "Hey, squirrels!" is a reference to [[167: Nihilism]].
|-
| 16.4 ×100m
| Tallest stilts
| The tallest {{w|stilts}} recorded by the Guinness Book of World Records (as of November 2006) were 16.4 meters, or nearly 54 feet.
|-
| 13.0 ×100m
| {{w|Brachiosaurus|Brachiosaur}}
| A large genus of dinosaur.
|-
| 8.00 ×100m
| {{w|Giraffe}}
| The the tallest living terrestrial animal, with fully grown adults reaching in excess of 5m. While labelled 8m in the comic, the [http://www.big-animals.com/the-giraffe-the-worlds-tallest-animal/ record] for height is reported at 5.8m.
|-
| 1.70 ×100m
| {{w|Human height|Folks}}
| Determining an average height of the world population is fraught with complications, but as a ballpark figure 1.7m is fairly accurate.
|}

==Transcript==
:'''Top of observable universe'''
:[Black Hat is standing on top, throwing a black kitty down.]
:Black Cat: Mrowl!
:[Map of the universe from observable universe to Earth. Each area of item is labeled. Labels left to right, up to down:]
:(46 billion light years up)
::Hubble Deep Field Objects
:-One billion light years-
::Great Attractor
::Antennae Galaxies (colliding)
::Andromeda
::Holy crap lots of space
:-One million light years-
::Magellanic Clouds
::Edge of galaxy
::Galactic center
::Crab Nebula
::Orion Nebula
::Horsehead Nebula
::Romulan neutral zone
::The Pleiades, duh!
::Rigel
::Betelgeuse
::Ford Prefect
:[Three arrows are pointing up above three lines with the following label:]
:-Expanding shell of radio transmissions-
::[Above a dotted line:]
::Edge of federation sector 0-0-1
::Pollux
::Arcturus
::Missing WMDs
::Sirius
::Barnard's Star
::Alpha Centauri
:-One parsec-
:-One light year-
::Oort Cloud (?)
::Bupkis
::Comet which will destroy Earth in late 2063
::Pioneer 10
::Voyager I
::Eris (All hail Discordia!)
::Pluto (Not a planet. Neener neener.)
::Neptune
::Uranus
::Saturn
::[Two arrows point to two moons, one next to each of the planets aboe and below.]
::<-- Life -->
::Jupiter
::Asteroids
::Mars
::Venus
::Sun
::Mercury
::Spaceship Planet Express: Hey, a heaping bowl of salt!
::Spaceship Discovery One: Open the fridge door, Hal.
::Moon
::Human altitude record (Apollo 13)
::2nd place: Snoop Dogg
::Space elevator - One of these days, promise!
::Geosynchronous Orbit
::GPS satellites
::Lunar lander: In retrospect, they shouldn't have sent a poet. I have no idea how to land.
::International Space Station
::Space junk
:-Official edge of space (100 km)-
::Meteors
:-1/10 ATM-
::High altitude balloons
::Airliners
::Shuttle Columbia lost
:-1/2 ATM-
::Cory Doctrow
::Everest
::Helicopters (6000 m)
::Cueball: Woo Python!
::[A vertical scale is drawn along the right side of the picture, starting at 1 km and getting progressivly smaller and smaller.]
:1 km
:-800 m-
::Burj Dubai (~800 m)
:500
:400
::Eiffel Tower (325 m)
:200
::Kites
::Great Pyramid (140 m)
::Pop fly
::Redwood (115 m)
:100m
::Oak (20 m)
::A person in the oak: Hey squirrels!
::Tallest stilts
::Brachiosaur (13 m)
::Giraffe (8 m)
::[Megan and Cueball holding the kite are labeled:]
::Folks
:'''The observable universe, from top to bottom''''
::~On a log scale~
::Sizes are not to scale, but heights above the Earth's surface are accurate on a log scale (that is, each step up is double the height.)

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Large drawings]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cory Doctorow]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Black Hat]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]

482: Height

2015-01-22T16:15:40Z

Steammaster: /* Explanation */

{{comic
| number = 482
| date = September 29, 2008
| title = Height
| before = [[#Explanation|↓ Skip to explanation ↓]]
| image = height.png
| titletext = Interestingly, on a true vertical log plot, I think the Eiffel Tower's sides would really be straight lines.
}}

==Explanation==
{{Incomplete|Review object descriptions for grammar: Independently review heights: Include why the object is noteworthy in the object description}}
The comic is a companion piece to [[485: Depth]]. Where ''Depth'' uses a {{w|logarithmic scale}} to depict the Earth at progressively greater magnification, from Earth's surface to the interior of a single proton, ''Height'' uses a logarithmic scale to depict the contents of the universe at progressively smaller distances, from the edge of the observable universe to the grass beneath our feet.

Starting from the top, as one often does when reading comics, we begin with the top of the observable universe, described as being 46 billion {{w|light years}} out from the Earth. This is the longest distance that a ray of light has ever traveled to reach Earth. To the right of the text, [[Black Hat]] stands atop the comic, having just dropped a cat off the edge; he may be testing if cats always land on their feet, or may just be being a jerk, per his usual character. As one scrolls down, the depicted distances become less compressed, until arriving at the surface of Earth, all the while approaching a 1:1 scale with real-life distances. As shown in [[1162: Log Scale]], if Randall didn't do this, the comic would be much, MUCH longer.

In this comic, most objects that are grounded on Earth are scaled logarithmically on the vertical axes and linearly on the horizontal axes (some are scaled linearly on both axes). Displaying objects in this manner noticeably distorts their shape; the Great Pyramid, for instance, looks not like a pyramid but like a bullet. In the title text, Randall muses on how the inwardly-curved sides of the Eiffel Tower might actually become perfectly straightened when subjected to this logarithmic distortion (although it is shown to bulge in the comic proper, meaning Randall probably doesn't fully believe his own musings).

Outside of the Earth's atmosphere, the objects are placed at their actual distances from Earth on the log scale, but their shapes are not subjected to the logarithmic scaling of Earth objects, instead appearing as they would be seen (otherwise, round objects like the sun would appear more egg shaped, with the flatter side facing upward). However, objects are still much larger or much smaller than they would be in real life, in order to allow them to be properly seen.

===Objects===
All objects are sorted from bottom to top by their maximum distance from earth for objects in a solar orbit, and their current distance for others.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Distance
! Object
! Description
|-
| 435 ×1024m
| Black Hat and cat
| Black Hat kicking a cat off the top of the comic, presumably to determine whether it will land on its feet.
|-
| 435 ×1024m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | Top of observable universe
|-
| 11.3 ×1024m
| {{w|Hubble Deep Field}} objects
| Objects of extremely distant galaxies found in a long-exposure photograph by of the Hubble telescope, 12 billion light-years away.
|-
| 9.46 ×1024m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One billion light years
|-
| 2.36 ×1024m
| {{w|Great Attractor}}
| An unusual concentration of intergalactic mass.
|-
| 425 ×1021m
| {{w|Antennae Galaxies}} (colliding)
| A pair of colliding galaxies.
|-
| 23.6 ×1021m
| {{w|Andromeda Galaxy}}
| A sibling to our Milky Way. It is the nearest spiral galaxy to ours.
|-
| 9.46 ×1021m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One million light years
|-
| 2.38 ×1021m
| [http://knowyourmeme.com/memes/cat-on-a-keyboard-in-space Cat on a keyboard in space]
| An internet meme featuring a picture of a cat sitting on a musical keyboard, superimposed on an image of space.
|-
| 1.56 ×1021m
| {{w|Magellanic Clouds}}
| These clouds are a pair of nearby dwarf galaxies.
|-
| 263 ×1018m
| Edge of Galaxy
| The edge of the {{w|Milky Way}} galaxy, the galaxy in which we reside.
|-
| 245 ×1018m
| {{w|Galactic Center}}
| The center of the Milky Way galaxy.
|-
| 61.5 ×1018m
| {{w|Crab Nebula}}
| Nebula are supernova remnants
|-
| 14.2 ×1018m
| {{w|Horsehead Nebula}}
| A dark nebula that is part of the Orion Constellation.
|-
| 12.7 ×1018m
| {{w|Orion Nebula}}
| A nebula that is part of the Orion Constellation, just south of Orion's Belt.
|-
| 8.14 ×1018m
| {{w|Rigel}}
| The brightest star in the Orion Constellation it is actually a triple star system known alternatively as Beta Orionis
|-
| 6.08 ×1018m
| {{w|Betelgeuse}}
| The star Betelgeuse is displayed along with the location of {{w|Ford_Prefect (character)|Ford Prefect}} on his home planet which orbits Betelgeuse. Ford Prefect is a fictional character from the science fiction parody {{w|The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy}}.
|-
| 4.20 ×1018m
| {{w|Pleiades}}
| The Pleiades also have a derogatory remark, as per [[66: Abusive Astronomy]]
|-
| 2.90 ×1018m
| The [http://en.memory-alpha.org/wiki/Romulan_Neutral_Zone Romulan Neutral Zone]
| This marks the edge of the {{w|Star Trek}} Federation.
|-
| 931 ×1015m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | The first radio broadcast was in January 1910. Since radio waves travel at the speed of light, and this was published in September of 2008 this the radio waves traveled about 98.5 light years. See {{w|Contact (1997 film)}} for a depiction of this. This is also referenced in [[1212: Interstellar Memes]].
|-
| 350 ×1015m
| {{w|Arcturus}}
| An orange giant star that is part of the Boötes constellation.
|-
| 320 ×1015m
| {{w|Pollux}}
| One of the most distinct stars in the Gemini Constellation it is large Orange Giant with an apparent visual magnitude of 1.1
|-
| 242 ×1015m
| The edge of {{w|Federation Sector 0-0-1}}
| The sector of space assigned to Earth in {{w|Star Trek}}.
|-
| 224 ×1015m
| {{w|Iraq and weapons of mass destruction|"missing WMDs"}}
| A reference to the alleged weapons of mass destruction that where used as a pretence to mobilize the world population against Iraq, and start the Iraq war.
|-
| 81.3 ×1015m
| {{w|Sirius}}
|Also known as Alpha Canis Majoris, the Dog Star, or the North Star it is actually a binary system of Stars consisting of a main sequence white star and a small white dwarf.
|-
| 56.6 ×1015m
| {{w|Barnard's Star}}
| Barnards star is a very small red giant that is of great interest to astronomers as an achievement in the SIM (Space Interforometry Mission) to find a celestial object out of solar system that is a s small as 3 earth masses
|-
| 41.3 ×1015m
| {{w|Alpha Centauri}}
|
|-
| 30.9 ×1015m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One parsec.
|-
| 9.46 ×1015m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | One light-year.
|-
| 15.0 ×1015m
| {{w|Oort cloud}}
| A halo of ice balls surrounding our solar system, but missing the {{w|Kupier belt}} between Neptune and the Oort cloud.
|-
| 350 ×1012m
| {{w|Bupkis}}
| Yiddish for "nothing". Only a handful of objects are known to orbit between the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud.
|-
| 55.0 ×1012m
| A comet which will destroy earth in late 2063
| To coincide with the latest biblicaly based prophesy for the [http://www.askelm.com/prophecy/p971105.htm end of the world].
|-
| 19.5 ×1012m
| {{w|Voyager 1}}
| An early space probe. Distance correct as of 20th Nov 2014, click [http://voyager.jpl.nasa.gov/where/ here] to see NASA's live distance counter.
|-
| 16.7 ×1012m
| {{w|Pioneer 10}}
| Listed distance is an estimate based on {{w|Pioneer_10#Current_status|this information}}.
|-
| 17.7 ×1012m
| {{w|Pioneer 11}}
| By the similarity in appearance to Pioneer 10 this unlabeled probe must be Pioneer 11. Listed distance is an estimate based on {{w|Pioneer_11#Current_status|this information}}.
|-
| 14.5 ×1012m
| {{w|Eris (dwarf planet)|Eris}}
| One of a pair of {{w|Trans-Neptunian object}}s now classified as {{w|dwarf planet}}s. The "All hail Discordia!" after Eris is a reference to {{w|Discordianism}}, a somewhat tongue-in-cheek religion based around the goddess Eris. The distance is the maximum distance from earth.
|-
| 7.50 ×1012m
| {{w|Pluto}}
| One of a pair of {{w|Trans-Neptunian object}}s now classified as {{w|dwarf planet}}s. Pluto was originally classified as the 9th planet of the Solar system. Many people was appalled when it was suddenly degraded to dwarf planet. Obviously Randall does not think much of these people thus the comment: ''Not a planet. Neener neener''. The distance is the maximum distance of Pluto from Earth.
|-
| 4.70 ×1012m
| {{w|Neptune}}
| Neptune is displayed here with its moons. Neptune is the eighth and final planet in our solar system.
|-
| 3.20 ×1012m
| {{w|Uranus}}
| Uranus is dispayed here with its moons. Uranus is the seventh planet in our solar system.
|-
| 1.67 ×1012m
| {{w|Saturn}}
| Saturn is displayed along with its moons. One of Saturn's moons, most likely Titan, is labeled as a potential location to find life. Titan is the only known moon to have an atmosphere and oceans. The oceans cannot be filled with liquid water, as it is far too cold, but are instead filled with liquid methane and ethane. Some hypothisize that life could have formed in such oceans.
|-
| 928 ×109m
| {{w|Jupiter}}
| Jupiter is displayed along with its moons. One of Jupiter's moons, most likely Europa, is labeled as a potential location to find life. Europa may be covered by a deep ocean of water found under a layer of ice many kilometers thick. Some hypothisize that life could have formed in such oceans.
|-
| 222 ×109m
| Asteroids
| The {{w|Asteroid|Asteroid belt}} contains a spaceship from {{w|Asteroids (video game)}}
|-
| 133 ×109m
| {{w|Mars}}
| Note the path, reflecting the fact that their distances from Earth vary as the planets move in their orbits with a maximum distance of 261 million km and a minimum of 54.6 million km.
|-
| 114 ×109m
| {{w|Venus}}
| Note the path, reflecting the fact that their distances from Earth vary as the planets move in their orbits with a maximum distance of 401 million km and a minimum of 37.7 million km.
|-
| 138 ×109m
| {{w|Mercury}}
| Mercury is the first planet in out solar system. The distance shown is the maximum distance from Earth.
|-
| 149 ×109m
| {{w|Sun}}
| The Sun is the star at the center of our solar system, around which the Earth orbits.
|-
| 16.3 ×109m
| {{w|Discovery One}}
| The Discovery One from {{w|2001: A Space Odyssey}}, referring to the quote "open the pod bay door, HAL." Also may be a reference to [[375: Pod Bay Doors]].
|-
| 9.43 ×109m
| Planet Express
| The spaceplane is most likely the Planet Express from {{w|Futurama}}, where Fry once discussed "a big heaping bowl of salt."
|-
| 400 ×106m
| Human Altitude Record
| Achieved by the team of {{w|Apollo 13}} approximately 100km higher than the remaining Apollo missions.
|-
| 384 ×106m
| {{w|Moon}}
| The Moon is the Earth's only natural satellite.
|-
| 90.4 ×106m
| {{w|Snoop Dogg}}
| A toung in cheek reffrence to a rapper notorious for smoking marijuana, is shown as having the second-highest altitude record. Someone who is taking drugs is said to be getting high.
|-
| 60.5 ×106m
| {{w|Space elevator}}
| A proposed method of transporting cargo or people into orbit, consisting of a large mass beyond geosynchronous orbit, a station at the geosynchronous point, a cable connecting it to the Earth, and a climber that can scale the cable. Space elevators are also seen in [[697: Tensile vs. Shear Strength]] and [[536: Space Elevators]].
|-
| 42.1 ×106m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | {{w|Geosynchronous orbit|Geosynchronous Orbit}}
|-
| 20.2 ×106m
| {{w|GPS (satellite)|GPS Satellites}}
| GPS satellites are used for global positioning.
|-
| 3.94 ×106m
| {{w|Lunar Lander}}
| The quote is a reference to {{w|Contact (1997 film)}} where the main character Ellie Arroway after witnessing a celestial light show up close says "Poetry! They should've sent a poet.".
|-
| 800 ×103m
| {{w|Space debris|Space Junk}}
| There is a large quantity of defunct objects in orbit around the earth. Amongst other things, this includes old satellites, rocket stages and fragments from collisions or disintegration. Space junk is also referenced in [[1242: Scary Names]] under the title {{w|Kessler syndrome}}
|-
| 422.5 ×103m
| {{w|International Space Station}}
| The ISS (International Space Station) is a multinational effort to put a research vessel in space. It is currently the largest artifical object in Earth's orbit, as well as the location of the longest continuous human presence in space.
|-
| 100 ×103m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | The {{w|Edge of space|official edge of space}} as defined by the {{w|Kármán line}}
|-
| 76.0 ×103m
| {{w|Meteors}}
| Meteors are chunks of rock (usually asteroids) that burn up in the atmosphere, producing the bright light associated with them. If the are large enough to hit the ground, they become meterorites, which is why Munroe labeled them only in the upper atmosphere.
|-
| 25.0 ×103m
| {{w|High-altitude balloon|High-altitude balloons}}
| Unmanned balloons, typically filled with helium or hydrogen. The current altitude record was set in 2002 by a balloon named BU60-1 which reached 53,000m.
|-
| 16.1 ×103m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 1/10 ATM = 0.1 {{w|Atmospheric pressure|atmosphere of pressure}}
|-
| 12.0 ×103m
| {{w|Airliner|Airliners}}
| This is a typical cruising altitude of jet aircraft, equating to roughly 40,000 feet. (Aircraft altitude tends to be specified in feet rather than metres (yay!) )
|-
| 8.84 ×103m
| {{w|Mount Everest}}
| The Earths highest mountain, located in the {{w|Himalayas|Himalayan mountain range}} in South Asia.
|-
| 8.00 ×103m
| {{w|Cory Doctorow}}
| Cory Doctorow in a balloon, a reference to comic [[239: Blagofaire]].
|-
| 6.34 ×103m
| {{w|Space Shuttle Columbia disaster}}
| The {{w|Space Shuttle Columbia}} and its seven crew were lost when it disintegrated at [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=6v16AgAAQBAJ&lpg=PA7&ots=LDKQ3nsNHs&dq=shuttle%20columbia%20altitude&pg=PA7#v=onepage&q=shuttle%20columbia%20altitude&f=false approximately 63,400m] in 2003. This number is inconsistent with the height of the graph by a factor of 10 probably a mistype by Randall.
|-
| 6.00 ×103m
| {{w|Helicopter}}
| Though the record for helicopter altitude (without payload) is 12,442m, normal flying is usually performed much lower. In the US, 6000m is into {{w|Class A airspace}}, which is restricted and requires flight under {{w|Instrument Flight Rules}}.
|-
| 6.00 ×103m
| {{w|Cloud}}
| Though not actually labelled there are a couple of clouds shown. While different cloud types vary in height, 6000m is roughly in the middle of the height range for clouds in temperate regions [http://weatherfaqs.org.uk/node/21]
|-
| 5.49 ×103m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 1/2 ATM = 0.5 {{w|Atmospheric pressure|atmosphere of pressure}}
|-
| 1.78 ×103m
| [[Cueball]]
| Apparently still using Python as shown in comic [[353: Python]].
|-
| 800 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 800 meters
|-
| 800 ×100m
| {{w|Burj Khalifa|Burj Dubai}}
| Now known as the Burj Khalifa, is the tallest building in the world.
|-
| 500 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 500 meters
|-
| 400 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 400 meters
|-
| 325 ×100m
| {{w|Eiffel Tower}}
| A famous landmark in Paris, France.
|-
| 300 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 300 meters
|-
| 200 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 200 meters
|-
| 150 ×100m
| Kite
| Kite string is commonly sold in large spools; a nice thick spool will probably hold 150 meters.
|-
| 140 ×100m
| {{w|Great Pyramid of Giza}}
| One of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. It is located in Egypt.
|-
| 120 ×100m
| {{w|Baseball|Pop Fly}}
| In Baseball a 'Pop Fly' is when the batter mis-hits the baseball, which then follows a tall arc deep into the infield where it's easy picking for the other team to catch on its way down. The highest recorded pop fly, not including those that landed in foul territory, was 172 meters.
|-
| 115 ×100m
| {{w|Redwood Tree|Redwood trees}}
| The tallest trees in the world. At 115.61m (379.3ft) {{w|Hyperion (tree)|Hyperion}}, a Coast Redwood, holds the record for the tallest tree in the world.
|-
| 100 ×100m
| colspan="2" align="center" style="background: #ffdead;" | 100 meters
|-
| 20.0 ×100m
| {{w|Oak}}
| While oaks may grow to be in excess of 40m in height, heights of around 20m are more typical. The person in the tree saying, "Hey, squirrels!" is a reference to [[167: Nihilism]].
|-
| 16.4 ×100m
| Tallest stilts
| The tallest {{w|stilts}} recorded by the Guinness Book of World Records (as of November 2006) were 16.4 meters, or nearly 54 feet.
|-
| 13.0 ×100m
| {{w|Brachiosaurus|Brachiosaur}}
| A large genus of dinosaur.
|-
| 8.00 ×100m
| {{w|Giraffe}}
| The the tallest living terrestrial animal, with fully grown adults reaching in excess of 5m. While labelled 8m in the comic, the [http://www.big-animals.com/the-giraffe-the-worlds-tallest-animal/ record] for height is reported at 5.8m.
|-
| 1.70 ×100m
| {{w|Human height|Folks}}
| Determining an average height of the world population is fraught with complications, but as a ballpark figure 1.7m is fairly accurate.
|}

==Transcript==
:'''Top of observable universe'''
:[Black Hat is standing on top, throwing a black kitty down.]
:Black Cat: Mrowl!
:[Map of the universe from observable universe to Earth. Each area of item is labeled. Labels left to right, up to down:]
:(46 billion light years up)
::Hubble Deep Field Objects
:-One billion light years-
::Great Attractor
::Antennae Galaxies (colliding)
::Andromeda
::Holy crap lots of space
:-One million light years-
::Magellanic Clouds
::Edge of galaxy
::Galactic center
::Crab Nebula
::Orion Nebula
::Horsehead Nebula
::Romulan neutral zone
::The Pleiades, duh!
::Rigel
::Betelgeuse
::Ford Prefect
:[Three arrows are pointing up above three lines with the following label:]
:-Expanding shell of radio transmissions-
::[Above a dotted line:]
::Edge of federation sector 0-0-1
::Pollux
::Arcturus
::Missing WMDs
::Sirius
::Barnard's Star
::Alpha Centauri
:-One parsec-
:-One light year-
::Oort Cloud (?)
::Bupkis
::Comet which will destroy Earth in late 2063
::Pioneer 10
::Voyager I
::Eris (All hail Discordia!)
::Pluto (Not a planet. Neener neener.)
::Neptune
::Uranus
::Saturn
::[Two arrows point to two moons, one next to each of the planets aboe and below.]
::<-- Life -->
::Jupiter
::Asteroids
::Mars
::Venus
::Sun
::Mercury
::Spaceship Planet Express: Hey, a heaping bowl of salt!
::Spaceship Discovery One: Open the fridge door, Hal.
::Moon
::Human altitude record (Apollo 13)
::2nd place: Snoop Dogg
::Space elevator - One of these days, promise!
::Geosynchronous Orbit
::GPS satellites
::Lunar lander: In retrospect, they shouldn't have sent a poet. I have no idea how to land.
::International Space Station
::Space junk
:-Official edge of space (100 km)-
::Meteors
:-1/10 ATM-
::High altitude balloons
::Airliners
::Shuttle Columbia lost
:-1/2 ATM-
::Cory Doctrow
::Everest
::Helicopters (6000 m)
::Cueball: Woo Python!
::[A vertical scale is drawn along the right side of the picture, starting at 1 km and getting progressivly smaller and smaller.]
:1 km
:-800 m-
::Burj Dubai (~800 m)
:500
:400
::Eiffel Tower (325 m)
:200
::Kites
::Great Pyramid (140 m)
::Pop fly
::Redwood (115 m)
:100m
::Oak (20 m)
::A person in the oak: Hey squirrels!
::Tallest stilts
::Brachiosaur (13 m)
::Giraffe (8 m)
::[Megan and Cueball holding the kite are labeled:]
::Folks
:'''The observable universe, from top to bottom''''
::~On a log scale~
::Sizes are not to scale, but heights above the Earth's surface are accurate on a log scale (that is, each step up is double the height.)

{{comic discussion}}
[[Category:Charts]]
[[Category:Large drawings]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cory Doctorow]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Black Hat]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]
[[Category:Comics featuring Megan]]