https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/api.php?action=feedcontributions&user=172.71.94.187&feedformat=atomexplain xkcd - User contributions [en]2024-03-28T10:19:41ZUser contributionsMediaWiki 1.30.0https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2656:_Scientific_Field_Prefixes&diff=2923372656: Scientific Field Prefixes2022-08-09T10:08:40Z<p>172.71.94.187: Use comma as thousands separator</p>
<hr />
<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2656<br />
| date = August 8, 2022<br />
| title = Scientific Field Prefixes<br />
| image = scientific_field_prefixes.png<br />
| titletext = Massage: Theoretical (10), Quantum (6), High-energy (2), Computational (1), Marine (1), Astro- (None)<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
{{incomplete|Created by a Quantum Dentist - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
<br />
Google Scholar allows searches for both a quoted and unquoted string (e.g. [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%252C5&q=%22marine+dentistry%22 "marine dentistry"] vs [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%252C5&q=marine+dentistry marine dentistry]). In the former case only entries with those exact words in that order will be returned (ignoring capitalization and punctuation marks), in the latter any entry with both of those words somewhere. While this gave opportunities for the humorous point it was not the ideal strategy for actually finding relevant articles. For example the less limited [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%252C5&q=marine+dentistry marine dentistry] search gave over 100 k results, ranging from a book chapter on [https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/9781119545804.ch11 marine mammal dentisty] by way of dental procedures on Marine Corps personnel to uses of the "marine polymer chitosan" in dentistry. And the search for [https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=en&as_sdt=0%252C5&q=high-energy+theology high-energy theology] give over 15000 entries. Admittedly, most of those only use "high energy" as a generic reinforcement term, but the book "[https://books.google.se/books?hl=en&lr=&id=34YHCAAAQBAJ&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq=high-energy+theology&ots=tI3TtCfBPK&sig=YmnqNK3IXV8sqDtt44tE877cm7k&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q=high-energy%20theology&f=false Cosmology, History, and Theology]" actually looks like it could be pertinent to the topic. There is even a paper titled [https://www.proquest.com/openview/8446d9a14d81424f1dfd09615852b5f5/1?pq-origsite=gscholar&cbl=1819044 " Battlestar Gallactica" and Mormon Theology] which I, in the name of preserving my few remaining SAN points, will not attempt to obtain.<br />
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==Transcript==<br />
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
Number of search results on Google Scholar<br />
<br />
[ Table containing the results of combining the term on the left with a term on the top]<br />
<br />
Theoretical Physics: 3,990,000<br><br />
Theoretical Chemistry: 445,000<br><br />
Theoretical Biology: 553,000<br><br />
Theoretical Engineering: 2,460<br><br />
Theoretical Phychology: 15,500<br><br />
Theoretical Theology: 726<br><br />
Theoretical Dentistry: 41<br><br />
Quantum Physics: 478,000<br><br />
Quantum Chemistry: 740,000<br><br />
Quantum Biology: 7,620<br><br />
Quantum Engineering: 21,100<br><br />
Quantum Phychology: 699<br><br />
Quantum Theology: 447<br><br />
Quantum Dentistry: <span style="color:red">NONE</span><br><br />
High-Energy Physics: 844,000<br><br />
High-Energy Chemistry: 9,600<br><br />
High-Energy Biology: 3<br><br />
High-Energy Engineering: 119<br><br />
High-Energy Phychology: 1<br><br />
High-Energy Theology: <span style="color:red">NONE</span><br><br />
High-Energy Dentistry: <span style="color:red">NONE</span><br><br />
Computational Physics: 510,000<br><br />
Computational Chemistry: 599,000<br><br />
Computational Biology: 2,910,000<br><br />
Computational Engineering: 67,400<br><br />
Computational Phychology: 4,620<br><br />
Computational Theology: 40<br><br />
Computational Dentistry: 11<br><br />
Marine Physics: 3,920<br><br />
Marine Chemistry: 136,000<br><br />
Marine Biology: 945,000<br><br />
Marine Engineering: 108,000<br><br />
Marine Phychology: 35<br><br />
Marine Theology: 6<br><br />
Marine Dentistry: 1<br><br />
Astrophysics: 2,010,000<br><br />
Astrochemistry: 20,600<br><br />
Astrobiology: 226,000<br><br />
Astroengineering: 430<br><br />
Astrophychology: 64<br><br />
Astrotheology: 580<br><br />
Astrodentistry: <span style="color:red">NONE</span><br><br />
<br />
Potential research opportunities: Quantum Dentistry, High-Energy Dentistry, Astrodentistry and High-Energy Theology<br />
<br />
{{comic discussion}}<br />
[[Category:Charts]]<br />
[[Category:Physics]]<br />
[[Category:Chemistry]]<br />
[[Category:Biology]]<br />
[[Category:Engineering]]<br />
[[Category:Psychology]]<br />
[[Category:Scientific research]]</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:2655:_Asking_Scientists_Questions&diff=292125Talk:2655: Asking Scientists Questions2022-08-06T07:52:20Z<p>172.71.94.187: </p>
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<div><!--Please sign your posts with ~~~~ and don't delete this text. New comments should be added at the bottom.--><br />
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I am of three minds. Part of me wants to write a basic explanation to get us started. Part of me is worried I'll lay a terrible foundation. And part of me doesn't want to get rid of "This is a comic about scientists.{{citation needed}}" without memorializing it first. [[User:GreatWyrmGold|GreatWyrmGold]] ([[User talk:GreatWyrmGold|talk]]) 22:12, 5 August 2022 (UTC)<br />
:That was cute, but your relocated {{citation needed}} is a fine replacement. [[User:Barmar|Barmar]] ([[User talk:Barmar|talk]]) 22:37, 5 August 2022 (UTC)<br />
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Considering "tastes awful", I'm a chemist and know an old recipe for amalgam-related stuff, quote, "...the reaction is over when the stuff doesn't taste metallic anymore". mode=Homer "Mmmmh, mercury!" [[Special:Contributions/172.71.94.187|172.71.94.187]] 07:52, 6 August 2022 (UTC)</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2207:_Math_Work&diff=2910252207: Math Work2022-07-28T16:31:37Z<p>172.71.94.187: Undo revision 291019 by 172.70.211.88 (talk) Though hard pressed to say what you restored was 'bad', it goes back to when there was an Incomplete tag. The version reverted from looks OK!</p>
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<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2207<br />
| date = September 25, 2019<br />
| title = Math Work<br />
| image = math_work.png<br />
| titletext = I could type this into a solver, which MIGHT help, but would also mean I have to get a lot of parentheses right...<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
[[White Hat]] is observing a {{w|physicist}}, [[Cueball]], who is staring at some equations and diagrams on a {{w|chalkboard}} (unreadable in the comic). White Hat is neither a physicist nor a {{w|mathematician}}, but he seems to glorify those professions. He wishes he understood the mathematics in Cueball's work and "the beauty on display here." People who profess a love for mathematics often cite the beauty they see in pure math, how things work out so perfectly, as the reason they love math.<br />
<br />
The joke here is that Cueball as a physicist is doing something instead quite simple and relatable: Avoiding hard work. Solving many kinds of constraints for two unknowns isn't necessarily difficult, but can be depending on the details. Cueball clearly thinks a solution is possible but would rather find an easier route. The same could be said about the field of mathematics in general: A proof is beautiful to a mathematician when it provides {{w|aesthetic}} pleasure, usually associated with being easy to understand. A proof is elegant when it is both easy to understand and correct, and mathematical solutions are profound when useful.<br />
<br />
The title text continues Cueball's thought process, with the possibility of using an automatic equation solver to find the unknowns. Equation solvers are not often considered beautiful ways to address purely mathematical problems, even if they are often the most efficient and in that sense elegant solutions to applied problems in engineering. Using a formal solver with symbolic, numeric, or both methods requires making sure that the constraints (e.g. equations) are entered correctly, with parentheses balanced in their correct locations for the solution to succeed. This might be a further joke about Cueball's laziness, suggesting that he doesn't even have the energy to check whether his parentheses are placed correctly. At the same time it might show how far away he is from finding the real solution: Any missing, misplaced or spurious parenthesis will most likely immediately invalidate the whole equation system.<br />
<br />
==Transcript==<br />
:[White Hat is watching Cueball from a couple of meters away. Cueball is contemplating the formulas and diagrams that fills the blackboard he stands in front of. Cueball holds a chalk in his hand. None of the content on the blackboard is readable, but there is a diagram in the shape of a circle and a another pie shaped diagram. Both are thinking with large thought bubbles above their heads, with small bubbles connecting them and the larger bubble.]<br />
:White Hat (thinking): Amazing watching a physicist at work, exploring universes in a symphony of numbers.<br />
:White Hat (thinking): If only I had studied math, I could appreciate the beauty on display here.<br />
<br />
:Cueball (thinking): Oh no. This has '''''two''''' unknowns. That's gonna be really hard.<br />
:Cueball (thinking): Ughhhhhhh.<br />
:Cueball (thinking): '''''Think.''''' There's gotta be a way to avoid doing all that work...<br />
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{{comic discussion}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring White Hat]]<br />
[[Category:Comics featuring Cueball]]<br />
[[Category:Physics]]<br />
[[Category:Math]]</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:2651:_Air_Gap&diff=291006Talk:2651: Air Gap2022-07-28T14:56:10Z<p>172.71.94.187: </p>
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<div><!--Please sign your posts with ~~~~ and don't delete this text. New comments should be added at the bottom.--><br />
Worth noting that this is a large and inefficient version of an [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opto-isolator opto-isolator] [[Special:Contributions/108.162.221.79|108.162.221.79]] 05:37, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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: Incandescent light bulb (assuming it the lamp does not use LED in the shape of light bulb) is not only less efficient than diode, but also much slower to warm up and cool down - it usually is much more sensitive to rapid switching, and has shorter life counted in the number of on/off cycles. --[[User:JakubNarebski|JakubNarebski]] ([[User talk:JakubNarebski|talk]]) 07:45, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:: There’s not even any indication that the bulb is shaped like an incandescent bulb. Only that the front of the light (either fixture or bulb) is a convex curve. For all we know that could be a lens or diffuser in front of a flat LED. Whoever wrote that needs to go back and walk, because the claim that an incandescent bulb is depicted is quite simply false.[[Special:Contributions/172.71.142.89|172.71.142.89]] 10:35, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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: I don't think it's less or more efficient than an opto-isolator, it essentially ''is'' just an opto-isolator. But an opto-isolator isn't supposed to be energy efficient to begin with; it's only designed to transmit data between circuits, not power. So the output side only needs to generate enough voltage/current to change the state of a transistor, and the input side only needs to generate enough light for the output side to do that. The voltages and currents involved aren't comparable to power circuits. --[[User:NeatNit|NeatNit]] ([[User talk:NeatNit|talk]]) 08:14, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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: By the way, wikipedia links can be written like this: <code><nowiki>[[wikipedia:opto-isolator|]]</nowiki></code> result: [[wikipedia:opto-isolator|opto-isolator]] (the final <code>|</code> automatically gets expanded to the article title without the <code>wikipedia:</code> prefix). --[[User:NeatNit|NeatNit]] ([[User talk:NeatNit|talk]]) 08:26, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
::Or more often here on ExplainXkcd, <code><nowiki>{{w|article}}</nowiki></code> or <code><nowiki>{{w|article|anchor text}}</nowiki></code>. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.206.213|172.70.206.213]] 08:35, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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::: Yes, thanks :) although there is a tiiiiiny advantage to the direct link without the template (the way I said), <code><nowiki>[[wikipedia:Pipe (computing)|]]</nowiki></code> becomes [[wikipedia:Pipe (computing)|Pipe]] whereas <code><nowiki>{{w|Pipe (computing)}}</nowiki></code> becomes {{w|Pipe (computing)}}. The pipe trick strips out the disambiguation parts of the title according to [[Wikipedia:Help:Pipe trick|some rules]]. --[[User:NeatNit|NeatNit]] ([[User talk:NeatNit|talk]]) 12:30, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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It is missing that air-gapping the power supply would protect your home from voltage surges in the power network caused by lightning strikes. Depending where the lightning hits the power network, there may be no fuses protecting your home or single fuses may fail to protect you. --[[Special:Contributions/172.70.246.115|172.70.246.115]] 07:57, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:That is true. But the suggestion that this might have anything to do with general energy security (as is currently very prominent in the explanation) is entirely unconvincing to me.<br />
<br />
Incandescent light bulbs convert most of their energy to infrared light. There are solar cells that work in this infrared spectrum, so this might not be all that inefficient as stated. This should in fact be a lot more efficient than any LED+visible spectrum based panel, as incandescent bulbs are very efficient in converting electricity into infrared light, much more than LEDs most likely will ever be.<br />
The (mostly) omnidirectionality of the light source might be an even bigger loss, as most of the light (however efficient) does not even reach the panel.<br />
And regarding sending data over this construct: As soon as there's a 0V state (which will be the case as soon as the transmission starts, due to some form of manchester coding, regardless of it being a 0 or 1 bit) the PC behind the solar panel would not only have a data transmission problem :)<br />
(With incandescent bulb, that is. A LED 0V might be short enough for capacitors in the PC's power supply to buffer it, if it is only at 50%(+PSU conversion loss) load max, as manchester coded signals per definition have a duty cycle of 50% to keep the DC bias at 0V)<br />
[[Special:Contributions/172.68.51.204|172.68.51.204]] 08:26, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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What is the highest wattage commercial opto-isolator, and how can I get one mounted from the ceiling in my bedroom? [[Special:Contributions/172.70.207.8|172.70.207.8]] 14:10, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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I wonder if it's worth noting the significant understatement within the title text, where it says "the bitrate does drop a little" in contrast to the severe and drastic drop in bitrate that would actually occur, especially in light of today's typical Internet speeds. It might not be worth mentioning, but it struck me as a humorous understatement of the true impact. [[User:Ianrbibtitlht|Ianrbibtitlht]] ([[User talk:Ianrbibtitlht|talk]]) 14:25, 28 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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I'm almostvtempted to suggest that this should be an (honourary) addition to the Cursed Connectors comic-collection. [[Special:Contributions/172.71.94.187|172.71.94.187]] 14:56, 28 July 2022 (UTC)</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2651:_Air_Gap&diff=2910052651: Air Gap2022-07-28T14:54:25Z<p>172.71.94.187: /* Explanation */ ...as an aside, I wonder if we're going to see any more comics featuring inverter (labelled or not). Seems to be in his mind at the moment.</p>
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<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2651<br />
| date = July 27, 2022<br />
| title = Air Gap<br />
| image = air_gap.png<br />
| titletext = You can still do powerline networking, but the bitrate does drop a little depending on the lightbulb warmup and cooldown delay.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
{{incomplete|Created by an AIR GAP-PROTECTED BOT - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
The comic conflates the concepts of computer network security and home electrical power safety, resulting in a deeply impractical and ineffective proposed solution. In {{w|computer security}}, {{w|Air_gap_(networking)|air-gapping}} is a measure used to secure sensitive computers or networks of computers by isolating them from the broader internet, since computers are often breached through the internet. {{w|Energy security}} is the concern, typically expressed at a national, rather than domestic, level, with ensuring sufficient affordable and reliable sources of energy to meet demand. It has become an increasingly pressing issue due to the use of energy supplies as a geopolitical tool, exacerbated by the drive to reorient energy generation away from polluting fossil fuels. {{w|Lightning protection}} is a home fire safety practice.<br />
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[[Randall]] suggests increasing the security of your home power supply by air-gapping it, using the light from a powered lightbulb to power a solar panel which then supplies power to the home, such that there is no physical wired connection between your house and the public electricity network. This is a large and very inefficient version of an {{w|opto-isolator}}, but would protect equipment behind the solar panel from power surges such as lightning strikes (which in an improperly {{w|Ground (electricity)|grounded}} home could blow out the light bulb, but not so easily risk frying the equipment beyond the photovoltaic cell and its inverter). Due to its inefficiency, this approach would waste significant amounts of energy, and therefore actually worsen problems of energy security.<br />
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The title text mentions that a computer can still be connected to the internet via the power supply by using {{w|powerline networking}}, but that the bandwidth would be reduced by the lightbulb's warmup and cooldown delay, which would reduce the signalling rate the lightbulb could accomplish. However, this is incorrect, as the solar panel cannot emit signals, and an unidirectional link is useless for traditional networking, because necessary requests and acknowledgments would be unable to travel from behind the solar panel to the lightbulb. Early {{w|communication satellite}} systems for data networking used high bandwidth unidirectional {{w|downlink}}s paired with low bandwidth ground telephone lines for outbound transmission, but such network configurations remain very uncommon.<br />
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===Why this would be inefficient===<br />
<br />
Solar panels are less than 100% efficient - in fact, they generally have an efficiency far below 50%. Lightbulbs are also inefficient at converting energy into light-- for example, a standard incandescent lightbulb would convert only about 5% of its energy into visible light, with the rest emitted as heat and unusable infrared light. Therefore, only a small fraction of energy would be transmitted between the two ends of the air gap, making the circuit require much more electricity and be much less cost-efficient.<br />
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==Transcript==<br />
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
:[A solar panel and a lamp are pictured together, with the lamp pointed at the solar panel, and electronic equipment connected to the solar panel.]<br />
:[Caption] Security tip: Increase the security of your home power supply by installing an air gap.<br />
{{comic discussion}}</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=Talk:2642:_Meta-Alternating_Current&diff=290606Talk:2642: Meta-Alternating Current2022-07-24T22:56:00Z<p>172.71.94.187: </p>
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<div>And today, we are reminded that [[Randall]] used to be a physicist (or at least has a physics degree). Not worth mentioning in the article, but while inverters can't reverse each other, transformers can. (Has Randall done the transformer/Transformer pun yet as an excuse to mock the movies?) [[User:Nitpicking|Nitpicking]] ([[User talk:Nitpicking|talk]]) 11:10, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
: I haven't picked up the physics reference yet. I see electrical engineering here. Randall strikes me as somebody who would study physics given the opportunit, though. It's notable that this webcomic started while Randall was in college, if I recall right. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.230.75|172.70.230.75]] 11:58, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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Long distance links, especially those between separate unsynchronized grids, use high voltage DC. There is a 2,000-mile link in China running at 1 MV. [[User:Arachrah|Arachrah]] ([[User talk:Arachrah|talk]]) 11:32, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:That's because at great distances, relatively high frequency AC loses a lot of ("active" = actually useful) power as ... reactive power, I think (didn't learn the terminology in English, unit seems right though). A typical grid has a lot of generators and load. A long distance connection results in a phase shift according to the transmission time (speed of light in medium x distance) in about the order of magnitude of the AC period (usually somewhere between 1/10 to 1/60 seconds) wastes a portion equal to the sine of the phase shift angle (up to 90° = all of it) as reactive power. DC isn't quite as easy to use but on long distances there is no power loss to reactive power. [[User:627235|627235]] ([[User talk:627235|talk]]) 12:25, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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Let's face it, the thing should be called an alternator. Of course that name's taken as a redundant word for (electrical) generator. [[User:627235|627235]] ([[User talk:627235|talk]]) 12:26, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
: Alternator and Generator shouldn't be used interchangeably. At least, in automotive, aerospace and industrial discussions, a generator is normally thought of as a DC device while an alternator is AC, even if we usually rectify it's output to 12 or 24VDC... [[User:SwervingLemon|SwervingLemon]] ([[User talk:SwervingLemon|talk]]) 19:33, 9 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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It always bothered me that UPS battery backups take the wall AC and convert it to DC to charge the battery, but then have to turn it back to AC to send it to the computer, so the power supply can convert it to DC to run the thing. I picture some connector that goes directly from the UPS to the power supply so that if power is lost it can just pull 12V directly from the battery. [[User:Andyd273|Andyd273]] ([[User talk:Andyd273|talk]]) 12:47, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:some UPSs do this. They normally power the computer directly from the input AC, but if there is a power failure, they use the battery to power the inverters and switch the output to the inverter. Other UPSs always power the computer from the inverter. They have the advantage that there is not even a milisecond time to start powering the computer. That can be better for some equipment, and that kind of UPS often costs more. It is also worth noting that in some data centers, they bypass the AC step and have one big DC power supply that directly powers the computers. [[User:WhiteDragon|WhiteDragon]] ([[User talk:WhiteDragon|talk]]) 16:49, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverter_(logic_gate) NOT logic gates] are also often known as inverters. An even number of those '''would''' indeed produce the same output as the (true/false) input. [[Special:Contributions/108.162.242.58|108.162.242.58]] 16:03, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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“Further chaining this into more inverters/rectifiers would normally not be considered.”<br />
Well, if you take a DCC controlled model railway for camping, you get a second stage of inverter/rectifier.<br />
The power supply of the DCC control station usually expects AC input, so you invert the DC of the car battery.<br />
The PSU then makes DC for the control station processor, which is then made AC to generate a DCC signal.<br />
The locomotives always have a rectifier to get a DC power supply from the DCC signal (which is confusingly AC).<br />
<br />
You get a third stage with another plausible trick: put the battery on a car battery charger, which converts AC from the camping site power grid to DC. Then use a locomotive with a (rarely used) BLDC motor, which confusingly needs an inverter generating AC.<br />
--[[Special:Contributions/172.71.94.181|172.71.94.181]] 18:01, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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The efficiency calculation is bogus. For the rectifier, the "efficiency" of 81% relates to voltage, not power. (See https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rectifier). I don't know what the power efficiency is, but I do note that my computer's power supply is not glowing white hot.<br />
:Where do you propose the extra current to make up for such difference would come from? [[Special:Contributions/172.70.206.213|172.70.206.213]] 21:38, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
::When you convert AC to DC or DC to AC, you can't qualify either with single number for voltage OR current. You need to examine whole graph, because both voltage and current are changing with frequency of (original) AC. I'm pretty sure that 81% figure is related to the different way how voltage is computed for AC and DC. That said, regarding the gloving power supply ... usually, power supply contains fan, and while it's partially used to cool the case interior, the power supply might not like it being stopped either. -- [[User:Hkmaly|Hkmaly]] ([[User talk:Hkmaly|talk]]) 22:24, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:Your computer's power supply has switching H-bridge MOSFET transistors that sense and match the AC phase, not an ordinary diode rectifier. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.206.213|172.70.206.213]] 23:25, 7 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:: The mains input bridge rectifier in every PSU I've seen is just a normal 4 diode bridge, it's at worst a 2% loss. The output from the transformer probably has synchronous rectification due to the much lower voltage, but not an H-bridge, instead a center-tapped transformer winding and 2 MOSFETs. The only H-bridge in a PSU is the inverter. [[Special:Contributions/141.101.76.233|141.101.76.233]] 21:43, 8 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
::: Please see https://www.physics-and-radio-electronics.com/electronic-devices-and-circuits/rectifier/bridgerectifier.html "The maximum rectifier efficiency of a bridge rectifier is 81.2% which is same as the center tapped full wave rectifier." See also https://techweb.rohm.com/knowledge/acdc/acdc_pwm/acdc_pwm06/8786 [[Special:Contributions/162.158.166.183|162.158.166.183]] 19:36, 16 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:::: Sigh, that's for 5V DC output. A rectifier isn't some magic device that wastes a fixed percentage of power, it's just some bloody diodes. Your first "source" is rubbish, and your second source is for the output rectifier for a 5V DC power supply. [[Special:Contributions/172.71.94.187|172.71.94.187]] 22:56, 24 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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I interpreted Randall imagining "inversion" as "reciprocal" (or maybe the inversion of a function) rather than physically turning something upside-down, since mathematical inversion is typically reversible... [[Special:Contributions/172.70.130.121|172.70.130.121]] 03:48, 8 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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Should the description also comment on the choice of number for this "connector". Obviously related to the fact that wall outlet voltage in the US is frequently (pun intended) 120 Volts. [[User:MAP|MAP]] ([[User talk:MAP|talk]]) 14:41, 8 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
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Two inverters *can* cancel each other out if they are the simplest type (a commutator, a.k.a. square wave inverter) *and* they happen to be synchronous. Expect glitches at the commutation points though! [[Special:Contributions/172.70.210.125|172.70.210.125]] 16:39, 8 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
: Totally irrelevant to the comic. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.211.52|172.70.211.52]] 20:58, 8 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:: How is it irrelevant?<br />
::: The comic is about "meta alternating" pairs of consumer inverters and rectifiers, not idealized chains of the same circuit. [[Special:Contributions/172.70.206.213|172.70.206.213]] 00:58, 9 July 2022 (UTC)<br />
:::: The title text is about pairing two inverters and having them cancel each other out. It's relevant. [[User:SwervingLemon|SwervingLemon]] ([[User talk:SwervingLemon|talk]]) 19:33, 9 July 2022 (UTC)</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2649:_Physics_Cost-Saving_Tips&diff=2902852649: Physics Cost-Saving Tips2022-07-23T14:36:04Z<p>172.71.94.187: 'supply', not 'series'</p>
<hr />
<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2649<br />
| date = July 22, 2022<br />
| title = Physics Cost-Saving Tips<br />
| image = physics_cost_saving_tips.png<br />
| titletext = I got banned from the county fair for handing out Helium-2 balloons. Apparently the instant massive plasma explosions violated some local ordinance or something.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
{{incomplete|Created by a FAUX VECTOR - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
This comic continues the previous [[2648: Chemicals]] comic's jocular theme of tricks to supposedly save money based on misinterpretations of science. Here is a list of "cost-saving tips" which would seem to reduce a cost or provide something for free, allowing physicists to save money in their research.<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable"<br />
|-<br />
! scope="col" |"Cost-Saving Tip"<br />
! scope="col" |Explanation<br />
|-<br />
|Try replacing regular vectors with pseudovectors whenever possible<br />
|The prefix "pseudo-" refers to an inauthentic variation of something. Fakes are usually cheaper than their original brand-name product, while often working just as well, so the comic implies a {{w|pseudovector}} could be a less expensive substitute for a regular vector. On the contrary, pseudovectors, or axial vectors, are distinct alternatives to regular {{w|Euclidean vector}}s, the former usually being involved with rotation or physical effects that share properties with rotation, similar to the relationship between angles and lengths. Pseudovectors are formed from the {{w|cross product}}s of Euclidean vectors, and while similar to Euclidean vectors, there is no physical meaning to their specific direction, only their magnitude and portions of their position. For example, {{w|angular velocity}} is described by a pseudovector (labeled 'L' in the comic) {{w|Normal (geometry)|normal}} to the {{w|plane of rotation}}, originating from the center of rotation, with magnitude proportional to the velocity ('ω') of rotation.<br />
|-<br />
|A square wave can be broken down into an infinite supply of valuable sine waves<br />
|{{w|Fourier analysis}} can decompose any periodic function into a series of {{w|sine wave}}s. A {{w|square wave}} can thereby be represented as the sum of an infinite series of sine waves. However, the sine waves are not removed or separated individually, so such a {{w|Fourier transform}} does not produce a "supply" of sine waves for practical use in any tasks other than analysis, and as abstract mathematical objects exempt from the laws of supply and demand, their value is similarly limited.<br />
|-<br />
|Cut waste by buying lighter isotopes that don't have any dead-weight neutrons<br />
|Chemical elements are identified by the number of protons in each atomic nucleus, equal to the number of electrons in their shell (unless the atom is ionized), which dictates most of their chemical behavior. {{w|Isotopes}} are variants of the element with different numbers of neutrons in the nucleus, among which chemical behavior is usually nearly identical. The comic suggests that the neutrons don't serve any useful purpose, so, in theory, if purchasing an element by weight, and its isotopes have the same price per unit weight, then you can save money by buying isotopes with no neutrons at all. In reality, the cost per unit weight for material containing a larger concentration of normally rare isotopes, such as {{w|heavy water}} or {{w|enriched uranium}}, is much higher than the cost of material containing isotopes in their ordinary proportions. (An exception is {{w|depleted uranium}}, which costs less than regular uranium because it is a byproduct of the production of enriched uranium.) In addition, a certain range of neutron quantity is needed to keep atoms stable, as atoms with too many or too few neutrons will decay more quickly than the common isotopes.<br />
: The image shown is helium-2, an {{w|Isotopes of helium|isotope of helium}} which has a half-life of less than a nanosecond. It decays into two protons, releasing a large amount of energy—hence the explosion mentioned in the title text. Helium balloons are often given out at county fairs and other similar events, but they are filled with helium-4, and therefore inert. If a balloon was filled with helium-2, as the title text suggests, the results would be immediately explosive, comparable to 2,000 kg of {{w|TNT}}. Handing out what are effectively atomic bombs at a county fair would not go down well with local authorities, so being banned from the fair is a very mild punishment. Criminal charges such as mass murder and terrorism would be more likely, if it weren't for the sub-nanosecond fuse length rendering the scenario absurdly impossible.<br />
|-<br />
|Conductors are a great source of free electrons(may carry charges)<br />
|* {{w|Charge carrier|Free}} {{w|electron}}s are electrons that are not tightly bound to specific atoms so they can move freely, such as in {{w|conduction band}}s of the {{w|metallic bond}}s throughout the iron ingot depicted in the comic. Randall interprets "free" in a different sense, meaning no cost. The charges free electrons carry are electric, not monetary as implied by the pun.<br />
|}<br />
<br />
Saving money from science experiments like this was also mentioned in [[2007: Brookhaven RHIC]].<br />
<br />
==Transcript==<br />
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
:[Title]<br />
:Physics Cost-Saving Tips<br />
<br />
:[A diagramatical spinning disc, at an angle]<br />
:[It is identified with an 'I', with a dotted axial arrow labelled 'L' and a rotational movement labelled 'ω' (small omega)]<br />
:[It sits on the left, and to the right of this is text...]<br />
:Try replacing regular vectors with pseudovectors whenever possible<br />
<br />
:[A square wave with three maxima (between four minima), and arrows pointing down into a collection of five sine waves of different wavelengths]<br />
:[One of the waves having the same frequency as the square wave and the rest of them are of shorter lengths with more peaks and troughs]<br />
:[It sits on the right, and to the left of this is text...]<br />
:A square wave can be broken down into an infinite supply of valuable sine waves<br />
<br />
:[Two atomic models]<br />
:[The left containing two protons (white with a "+" sign), two neutrons (black) and orbited by two electrons (small outlines, dotted orbits/movement lines), labelled below with the text of superscript atomic weight and element symbol]<br />
:<sup>4</sup>He<br />
:[The right model has just the two protons and the two electrons, labelled below with the text of an atomic weight and elemental symbol, and some subtext within brackets]<br />
:<sup>2</sup>He<br />
:(Decays fast - use quickly)<br />
:[Both models sit on the left of the comic, and to the right is text...]<br />
:Cut waste by buying lighter isotopes that don't have any dead-weight neutrons<br />
<br />
:[A flat rectangular bar, drawn in perspective with a scattering of dots/small circles on the top face and on the forward-facing one the label]<br />
:Iron<br />
:[An arrow points to the dots, from the text...]<br />
:Free electrons<br />
:[It sits to the right, and there is text to the left...]<br />
:Conductors are a great source of free electrons<br />
:(May carry charges)<br />
<br />
{{comic discussion}}<br />
[[Category:Tips]]<br />
[[Category:Physics]]<br />
[[Category:Chemistry]]</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=2645:_The_Best_Camera&diff=2887122645: The Best Camera2022-07-13T18:35:11Z<p>172.71.94.187: Chase Jarvis</p>
<hr />
<div>{{comic<br />
| number = 2645<br />
| date = July 13, 2022<br />
| title = The Best Camera<br />
| image = the_best_camera.png<br />
| titletext = The best camera is the one at L2.<br />
}}<br />
<br />
==Explanation==<br />
{{incomplete|Created by an AMATEUR PHOTOGRAPHER - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
"The Best Camera: Is the One That's With You" is a book by photographer Chase Jarvis, celebrating mobile phone cameras, not for their photographic or technical quality, but rather for the fact that you always have it when an interesting subject appears. However, in this case "The best camera" refers to the James Webb Space Telescope, the spacecraft depicted in the third frame. The first pictures taken by telescope were recently released, showing objects as they were 13 billion years ago, which was unprecedented. The title text references Lagrange Point 2, one of the five places in space where something can be stationary relative to the Earth and sun, and which the aforementioned telescope revolves around - not exactly your pocket.<br />
<br />
==Transcript==<br />
{{incomplete transcript|Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}<br />
<br />
:[Each panel features an image of space, with text printed in white at the top of each panel. The first panel says:]<br />
:They say the best camera is the one you have with you.<br />
<br />
:[A panel showing more stars and galaxies visible.]<br />
:It turns out <br />
<br />
:[A panel showing even more stars and galaxies visible. At the center of the panel is an outline drawing in white of the James Webb Space Telescope.]<br />
:they're wrong.<br />
<br />
{{comic discussion}}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Astronomy]]<br />
[[Category:Telescopes]]</div>172.71.94.187https://www.explainxkcd.com/wiki/index.php?title=List_of_all_comics&diff=286986List of all comics2022-06-15T12:43:57Z<p>172.71.94.187: </p>
<hr />
<div>This is the list of comics from '''2501 to {{LATESTCOMIC}}'''.<br />
:For the first 500 comics, see [[List of all comics (1-500)]].<br />
:For comics 501-1000, see [[List of all comics (501-1000)]].<br />
:For comics 1001-1500, see [[List of all comics (1001-1500)]].<br />
:For comics 1501-2000, see [[List of all comics (1501-2000)]].<br />
:For comics 2001-2500, see [[List of all comics (2001-2500)]].<br />
: The whole list is available at [[List of all comics (full)]].<br />
<br />
You may also see the list of comics in the order they appeared at the [https://xkcd.com/archive/ xkcd archive].<br />
<br />
{| class="wikitable sortable plainlinks table-padding"<br />
|-<br />
!xkcd<br />
!Title<br />
!Talk<br />
!Image<br />
!Date<onlyinclude><br />
{{comicsrow|2633|2022-06-15|Astronomer Hotline|astronomer_hotline.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2632|2022-06-13|Greatest Scientist|Greatest Scientist.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2631|2022-06-10|Exercise Progression|exercise progression.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2630|2022-06-08|Shuttle Skeleton|shuttle skeleton.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2629|2022-06-06|Or Whatever|or whatever.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2628|2022-06-03|Motion Blur|motion blur.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2627|2022-06-01|Types of Scopes|types of scopes.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2626|2022-05-30|d65536|d65536.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2625|2022-05-27|Field Topology|field topology.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2624|2022-05-25|Voyager Wires|voyager wires.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2623|2022-05-23|Goofs|goofs.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2622|2022-05-20|Angular Diameter Turnaround|angular diameter turnaround.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2621|2022-05-18|Mainly Known For|mainly known for.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2620|2022-05-16|Health Data|health data.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2619|2022-05-13|Crêpe|crepe.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2618|2022-05-11|Selection Bias|selection bias.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2617|2022-05-09|Maps|maps.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2616|2022-05-06|Deep End|deep_end.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2615|2022-05-04|Welcome Back|welcome_back.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2614|2022-05-02|2|2.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2613|2022-03-29|Bad Map Projection: Madagascator|bad map projection madagascator.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2612|2022-04-27|Lightsabers|lightsabers.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2611|2022-04-25|Cutest-Sounding Scientific Effects|cutest sounding scientific effects.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2610|2022-04-22|Assigning Numbers|assigning numbers.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2609|2022-04-20|Entwives|entwives.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2608|2022-04-18|Family Reunion|family reunion.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2607|2022-04-15|Geiger Counter|geiger counter.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2606|2022-04-13|Weird Unicode Math Symbols|weird unicode math symbols.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2605|2022-04-11|Taylor Series|taylor series.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2604|2022-04-08|Frankenstein Captcha|frankenstein captcha.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2603|2022-04-06|Childhood Toys|childhood toys.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2602|2022-04-04|Linguistics Degree|linguistics degree.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2601|2022-04-01|Instructions|instructions.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2600|2022-03-30|Rejected Question Categories|rejected question categories.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2599|2022-03-28|Spacecraft Debris Odds Ratio|spacecraft debris odds ratio.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2598|2022-03-25|Graphic Designers|graphic designers.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2597|2022-03-23|Salary Negotiation|salary negotiation.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2596|2022-03-21|Galaxies|galaxies.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2595|2022-03-18|Advanced Techniques|advanced techniques.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2594|2022-03-16|Consensus Time|consensus time.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2593|2022-03-14|Deviled Eggs|deviled eggs.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2592|2022-03-11|False Dichotomy|false dichotomy.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2591|2022-03-09|Qua|qua.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2590|2022-03-07|I Shouldn't Complain|i shouldnt complain.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2589|2022-03-04|Outlet Denier|outlet denier.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2588|2022-03-02|Party Quadrants|party quadrants.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2587|2022-02-28|For the Sake of Simplicity|for the sake of simplicity.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2586|2022-02-25|Greek Letters|greek letters.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2585|2022-02-23|Rounding|rounding.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2584|2022-02-21|Headline Words|headline words.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2583|2022-02-18|Chorded Keyboard|chorded keyboard.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2582|2022-02-16|Data Trap|data trap.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2581|2022-02-14|Health Stats|health stats.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2580|2022-02-11|Rest and Fluids|rest and fluids.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2579|2022-02-09|Tractor Beam|tractor beam.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2578|2022-02-07|Sword Pull|sword pull.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2577|2022-02-04|Sea Chase|sea chase.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2576|2022-02-02|Control Group|control group.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2575|2022-01-31|What If? 2|what if 2.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2574|2022-01-28|Autoresponder|autoresponder.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2573|2022-01-26|Alien Mission|alien mission.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2572|2022-01-24|Alien Observers|alien observers.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2571|2022-01-21|Hydraulic Analogy|hydraulic analogy.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2570|2022-01-19|Captain Picard Tea Order|captain picard tea order.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2569|2022-01-17|Hypothesis Generation|hypothesis generation.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2568|2022-01-14|Spinthariscope|spinthariscope.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2567|2022-01-12|Language Development|language development.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2566|2022-01-10|Decorative Constants|decorative constants.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2565|2022-01-07|Latency|latency.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2564|2022-01-05|Sunshield|sunshield.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2563|2022-01-03|Throat and Nasal Passages|throat and nasal passages.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2562|2021-12-31|Formatting Meeting|formatting meeting.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2561|2021-12-29|Moonfall|moonfall.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2560|2021-12-27|Confounding Variables|confounding variables.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2559|2021-12-24|December 25th Launch|december 25th launch.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2558|2021-12-22|Rapid Test Results|rapid test results.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2557|2021-12-20|Immunity|immunity.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2556|2021-12-17|Turing Complete|turing complete.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2555|2021-12-15|Notifications|notifications.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2554|2021-12-13|Gift Exchange|gift exchange.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2553|2021-12-10|Incident Report|incident report.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2552|2021-12-08|The Last Molecule|the last molecule.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2551|2021-12-06|Debunking|debunking.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2550|2021-12-03|Webb|webb.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2549|2021-12-01|Edge Cake|edge cake.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2548|2021-11-29|Awful People|awful people.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2547|2021-11-26|Siren|siren.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2546|2021-11-24|Fiction vs Nonfiction|fiction vs nonfiction.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2545|2021-11-22|Bayes' Theorem|bayes theorem.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2544|2021-11-19|Heart-Stopping Texts|heart stopping texts.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2543|2021-11-17|Never Told Anyone|never told anyone.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2542|2021-11-15|Daylight Calendar|daylight calendar.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2541|2021-11-12|Occam|occam.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2540|2021-11-10|TTSLTSWBD|ttsltswbd.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2539|2021-11-08|Flinch|flinch.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2538|2021-11-05|Snack|snack.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2537|2021-11-03|Painbow Award|painbow award.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2536|2021-11-01|Wirecutter|wirecutter.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2535|2021-10-29|Common Cold Viruses|common cold viruses.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2534|2021-10-27|Retractable Rocket|retractable rocket.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2533|2021-10-25|Slope Hypothesis Testing|slope hypothesis testing.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2532|2021-10-22|Censored Vaccine Card|censored vaccine card.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2531|2021-10-20|Dark Arts|dark arts.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2530|2021-10-18|Clinical Trials|clinical trials.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2529|2021-10-15|Unsolved Math Problems|unsolved math problems.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2528|2021-10-13|Flag Map Sabotage|flag map sabotage.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2527|2021-10-11|New Nobel Prizes|new nobel prizes.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2526|2021-10-08|TSP vs TBSP|tsp vs tbsp.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2525|2021-10-06|Air Travel Packing List|air travel packing list.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2524|2021-10-04|Comet Visitor|comet visitor.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2523|2021-10-01|Endangered|endangered.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2522|2021-09-29|Two-Factor Security Key|two factor security key.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2521|2021-09-27|Toothpaste|toothpaste.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2520|2021-09-24|Symbols|symbols.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2519|2021-09-22|Sloped Border|sloped border.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2518|2021-09-20|Lumpers and Splitters|lumpers and splitters.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2517|2021-09-17|Rover Replies|rover replies.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2516|2021-09-15|Hubble Tension|hubble tension.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2515|2021-09-13|Vaccine Research|vaccine research.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2514|2021-09-10|Lab Equipment|lab equipment.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2513|2021-09-08|Saturn Hexagon|saturn hexagon.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2512|2021-09-06|Revelation|revelation.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2511|2021-09-03|Recreate the Conditions|recreate the conditions.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2510|2021-09-01|Modern Tools|modern tools.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2509|2021-08-30|Useful Geometry Formulas|useful geometry formulas.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2508|2021-08-27|Circumappendiceal Somectomy|circumappendiceal somectomy.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2507|2021-08-25|USV-C|usv c.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2506|2021-08-23|Projecting|projecting.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2505|2021-08-20|News Story Reaction|news story reaction.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2504|2021-08-18|Fissile Raspberry Isotopes|fissile raspberry isotopes 2x.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2503|2021-08-16|Memo Spike Connector|memo spike connector.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2502|2021-08-13|Every Data Table|every data table.png}}<br />
{{comicsrow|2501|2021-08-11|Average Familiarity|average familiarity.png}}</onlyinclude><br />
|}<br />
<br />
[[Category:Comics| ]]</div>172.71.94.187