Difference between revisions of "2723: Outdated Periodic Table"

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(Transcript: Rewrote "top right/left" as "top row, <blah>", prior to submitting, but forgot to change "bottom left"/etc to "bottom row"...)
(Explanation: Much more on the big banc nucleo synthesis and naming etc.)
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==Explanation==
 
==Explanation==
 
{{incomplete|Created by BERYLLIUM-BASED LIFE - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
 
{{incomplete|Created by BERYLLIUM-BASED LIFE - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
Some {{w|Chemical elements|elements}} do not occur naturally on earth and have to be {{w|Synthetic element|synthesized}}. Those elements are generally excluded from {{w|periodic table|the periodic table}} until they have been synthesized (and are no longer theoretical). At the beginning of the universe, the temperature, and thus the kinetic energy, was too high for matter to form big nuclei. It took some time (how long is not accurately defined) before parts of the universe had cooled down sufficiently for further elements to form naturally. In the first minutes after the Big Bang, only hydrogen, deuterium, helium and lithium nuclei were present. If a scientific textbook had somehow been written at that time (which is highly unlikely, as paper and ink consist of heavier elements such as carbon), it would be able to describe only a very few elements based on observations.
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This comic shows figure 6.14 from a science text book, which displays ''The periodic table of the elements''. But only the first four elements are shown, {{w|Hydrogen}}, {{w|Helium}}, {{w|Lithium}} and {{w|Berylium}}. [[Randall]] claims, in the caption, that you can use a figure of {{w|the periodic table}} to date a book based on missing elements. The joke here is that his book was somehow published just half and hour after the {{w|Big Bang}}, at which time those four elements where the only one present.
  
Because scientific textbooks do not update themselves after being published,{{citation needed}} one can determine the age of a scientific textbook by checking how many elements are present in the textbook's periodic table.
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From about 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the Big Bang occurred what is known as the {{w|Big Bang nucleosynthesis}}. Here Helium was made in abundance with traces of Lithium. Also Berylium-7 was formed, which is an unstable {{w|Isotopes of beryllium|isotope of beryllium}}, but with a half life of 53 days it would still be around for several months after the Big Bang, and most of what was created would be there half an hour after.
  
Interestingly, despite helium being one of the first elements to exist, it did not appear in the earliest period tables. Because the noble gasses do not react chemically, they were unknown to human scientists until the late 19th century.
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So when Randall's science book was published those four elements where the only one in existence, and after all Berylium had decayed only the three first would be present until star formation began and started the {{w|Stellar nucleosynthesis}}.
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Of course no life as we know it could exist before long time after Stellar nucleosynthesis had created all the other elements needed to support {{w|Carbon-based life}}. And no life as we could even imagine, would be able to exist the first 370.000 years after Big Bang as atoms could not form due to the high energy of the {{w|Cosmic background radiation}}, which until the {{w|Recombination (cosmology)|Recombination}} would not allow atoms to form as the energy level before that was too high.
 +
 
 +
Many {{w|Chemical elements|elements}} do not occur naturally on earth and have to be {w|Synthetic element|synthesized}}. And others are very hard to detect, collect enough in pure form or purify enough to discover them. Until these elements where discovered one way or another they where not included in the periodic table. Or at least only as theoretical elements expected to be in a given position.
 +
 
 +
Because (paper versions) of scientific textbooks do not update themselves after being published, one can determine the age of a scientific textbook by checking which elements are present in the textbook's periodic table. And Randall's joke is that those four in the figure date the book the around half and hour after the Big Bang. (A few year after Berylium would be gone).
 +
 
 +
 
 +
The title text refers to how yet-undiscovered elements are given a {{w|systematic element name}} as a temporary name according to how many protons they have. The names consists of Greek and Latin roots and adding an -ium at the end-. The claim in the title text is that in the text book with the figure, researchers claim they have synthesized six additional elements in the second row, temporarily named 'pentium' through 'unnilium'.
 +
 
 +
Elements that cannot be found natural on Earth (or anywhere in the Universe) are generally excluded from {{w|periodic table|the periodic table}} until they have been synthesized (and are no longer theoretical). And if elements are added to the end of the table, but it is still uncertain if they have been synthesized or who should give the new element a name, then a number system has been used, just calling for instance element 118, simply 118 using the Latin or Greek words for it digits: "Ununoctium". (At the time of release of this comic, element number 118 has already been synthesized and had been called {{w|Oganesson}} and there was at that time no longer any elements higher than 118 named using this naming convention. This has been mentioned in the title text of {{w|2639: Periodic Table Changes}}, the previous comic to draw a periodic table.
  
The title text refers to how yet-undiscovered elements are given a {{w|Systematic element name|temporary name according to how many protons they have}}, consisting of Greek and Latin roots. Here the numbers are very low ("pentium" being based on "pent" which means "five", and thus would refer to {{w|Boron}}) because only four elements had been discovered at the time of publication (this may also be a reference to the four {{w|classical elements}}). {{w|Pentium}} is also the name of a series of microprocessors launched by Intel in the 1990s.  The term "unnilium" is a description of the digits of ten, i.e. 1 0, using the numerical roots established by convention.  In reality, had neon once been a hypothetical element, it would more likely have been called something along the lines of "decium". Of course, how the early life created particle accelerators is unknown.
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In the title text the new elements numbers are very low ("pentium" being based on "pent" which means "five", and thus would refer to {{w|Boron}}) because only the four elements shown in the figure had been discovered at the time of publication. ({{w|Pentium}} is also the name of a series of microprocessors launched by Intel in the 1990s).  The term "unnilium" is a description of the digits of ten, i.e. 1 0, using the numerical roots established by convention, and would refer to {{w|Neon}}.  In reality, had Neon once been a hypothetical element, it would more likely have been called something along the lines of "decium".  
  
 +
Since life could not have existed at the time this book should have been published the idea of researches synthesizing elements is of course just part of the joke.
  
The title text also suggests that there were scientists half an hour after the Big Bang who managed to synthesize these heavier elements. However, said scientists probably didn't use the same naming system as us.{{citation needed}}
+
Interestingly, despite helium being one of the first elements to exist, it did not appear in the earliest period tables. Because the noble gasses do not react chemically, they were unknown to human scientists until the late 19th century.
  
 
==Transcript==
 
==Transcript==

Revision as of 10:27, 12 January 2023

Outdated Periodic Table
Researchers claim to have synthesized six additional elements in the second row, temporarily named 'pentium' through 'unnilium'.
Title text: Researchers claim to have synthesized six additional elements in the second row, temporarily named 'pentium' through 'unnilium'.

Explanation

Ambox notice.png This explanation may be incomplete or incorrect: Created by BERYLLIUM-BASED LIFE - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.
If you can address this issue, please edit the page! Thanks.

This comic shows figure 6.14 from a science text book, which displays The periodic table of the elements. But only the first four elements are shown, Hydrogen, Helium, Lithium and Berylium. Randall claims, in the caption, that you can use a figure of the periodic table to date a book based on missing elements. The joke here is that his book was somehow published just half and hour after the Big Bang, at which time those four elements where the only one present.

From about 10 seconds to 20 minutes after the Big Bang occurred what is known as the Big Bang nucleosynthesis. Here Helium was made in abundance with traces of Lithium. Also Berylium-7 was formed, which is an unstable isotope of beryllium, but with a half life of 53 days it would still be around for several months after the Big Bang, and most of what was created would be there half an hour after.

So when Randall's science book was published those four elements where the only one in existence, and after all Berylium had decayed only the three first would be present until star formation began and started the Stellar nucleosynthesis.

Of course no life as we know it could exist before long time after Stellar nucleosynthesis had created all the other elements needed to support Carbon-based life. And no life as we could even imagine, would be able to exist the first 370.000 years after Big Bang as atoms could not form due to the high energy of the Cosmic background radiation, which until the Recombination would not allow atoms to form as the energy level before that was too high.

Many elements do not occur naturally on earth and have to be {w|Synthetic element|synthesized}}. And others are very hard to detect, collect enough in pure form or purify enough to discover them. Until these elements where discovered one way or another they where not included in the periodic table. Or at least only as theoretical elements expected to be in a given position.

Because (paper versions) of scientific textbooks do not update themselves after being published, one can determine the age of a scientific textbook by checking which elements are present in the textbook's periodic table. And Randall's joke is that those four in the figure date the book the around half and hour after the Big Bang. (A few year after Berylium would be gone).


The title text refers to how yet-undiscovered elements are given a systematic element name as a temporary name according to how many protons they have. The names consists of Greek and Latin roots and adding an -ium at the end-. The claim in the title text is that in the text book with the figure, researchers claim they have synthesized six additional elements in the second row, temporarily named 'pentium' through 'unnilium'.

Elements that cannot be found natural on Earth (or anywhere in the Universe) are generally excluded from the periodic table until they have been synthesized (and are no longer theoretical). And if elements are added to the end of the table, but it is still uncertain if they have been synthesized or who should give the new element a name, then a number system has been used, just calling for instance element 118, simply 118 using the Latin or Greek words for it digits: "Ununoctium". (At the time of release of this comic, element number 118 has already been synthesized and had been called Oganesson and there was at that time no longer any elements higher than 118 named using this naming convention. This has been mentioned in the title text of 2639: Periodic Table Changes, the previous comic to draw a periodic table.

In the title text the new elements numbers are very low ("pentium" being based on "pent" which means "five", and thus would refer to Boron) because only the four elements shown in the figure had been discovered at the time of publication. (Pentium is also the name of a series of microprocessors launched by Intel in the 1990s). The term "unnilium" is a description of the digits of ten, i.e. 1 0, using the numerical roots established by convention, and would refer to Neon. In reality, had Neon once been a hypothetical element, it would more likely have been called something along the lines of "decium".

Since life could not have existed at the time this book should have been published the idea of researches synthesizing elements is of course just part of the joke.

Interestingly, despite helium being one of the first elements to exist, it did not appear in the earliest period tables. Because the noble gasses do not react chemically, they were unknown to human scientists until the late 19th century.

Transcript

Ambox notice.png This transcript is incomplete. Please help editing it! Thanks.
[Subheading]: Figure 6.14
[Title]: The periodic table of the elements
[The following four rectangles featuring the large element abbreviation, with the full element name written below, in a typical periodic table style]
[Top row, far left]: H Hydrogen
[Top row, far right, detached from any other box]: He Helium
[Bottom row, attached directly below the "H" box]: Li Lithium
[Bottom row, attached directly to the right of "Li"]: Be Beryllium
[Caption below the panel]:
You can spot an outdated science textbook by checking the bottom of the periodic table for missing elements. For example, mine was published half an hour after the Big Bang.


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Discussion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Big_Bang_nucleosynthesis BBN did only produce unstable Berylium-7 with a half-life of 53.22 days. Thus after 30 minutes there was still plenty of Be-7 left. --172.71.160.38 15:36, 11 January 2023 (UTC)

"unnilium" is a reference to "unnilunium", which was the name for Mendelevium (atomic number 101; from "un nil un", 1-0-1) before it was given a formal name. Therefore the 6th new element referenced, on top of the 4 already in the table, would be #10, or "un nil", or unnilium. 172.71.190.132

"Pentium" was also the first non-numeric name for the Intel family. Before that, it was the 80486/i486. 172.70.134.195 16:17, 11 January 2023 (UTC)

Then they chickened out and didn't called the next CPU hexium. -- Hkmaly (talk) 18:24, 12 January 2023 (UTC)
Maybe they considered the Pro, II, III, 4, etc. just as isotopes (or alternate oxidation states!).
Though then your criticism still applies to the Core brand (..., 2, i3, etc; although most of that range are clearly imaginary, as well as odd). 162.158.159.75 19:50, 12 January 2023 (UTC)
Because they didn't want to curse it.172.70.85.200 12:41, 13 January 2023 (UTC)

I have a science textbook at home that doesn't have any elements in a periodic table, though you'd think it should. It has a very nice list of elements (with dodgy details, e.g. I think at least one of them was later proven to be two separate but tricky to isolate elements), but was written prior to the popularisation of Mendeleev's table. (i.e. post-1869, but not by much!) Now, obviously, I don't want to diss Randall's humour, but I have so few such retro-geeky things I can brag about so I just wanted to mention this in passing. (Also, when I actually did my own chemistry, the lab wall had a PT on it that featured the element "Hahniun", and some others since replaced/resolved differently. I sometimes still forget myself and refer to the wrong names if I have to answer trivia questions about them ) 172.70.91.127 23:45, 11 January 2023 (UTC)

It's a proleptic periodic table Sabik (talk)
Indeed, but your comment now makes me wonder what a pre-lepton table would look like. ;) 172.70.85.200 10:00, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

Is there a category for comics about the Periodic Table? I recall one from a year or so ago where the symbols were replaced with ones based on the modern names for the elements. Barmar (talk) 05:29, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

I think you mean 2639:_Periodic_Table_Changes. --172.70.242.156 06:35, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

After an edit, I was left with and adding an -[LINEWRAP HERE]ium at the end, at least on my display (may depend on browser/display width, etc). If I adjusted the to bring the characters away from the line-wrap point then it could just break again whenever/wherever it found itself back in the same bit of the screen again, so I tried to quote it, but got and adding an "-[LINEWRAP HERE]ium" at the end anyway. If anyone can recall how to implement a 'non-breaking non-space' character, or perhaps wishes to aplly a whole wrap-preventing enclosing tag, then I invite them to apply it there. Assuming it isn't edited out of existence, already, and making the issue moot. ;) 172.70.162.222 16:27, 12 January 2023 (UTC)

Replaced the hyphen with a non-breaking hyphen --172.71.130.54 16:22, 21 February 2023 (UTC)

Would this shape of periodic table (with helium separated from lithium and beryllium) make sense before atoms existed? Would researchers from T+90 minutes even see "periods" as a useful way to organize elements? 172.69.156.159 15:04, 13 January 2023 (UTC)

I wouldn't say no life imaginable could exist half an hour after the Big Bang. Stephen Baxter has written stories with civilizations existing before the inflationary period. --162.158.91.36 07:46, 15 January 2023 (UTC)

This comic was a joke, but this is actually how NCERT textbooks are. The most recent edition is 2006. Link: https://ncert.nic.in/textbook.php