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==Explanation==
 
==Explanation==
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{{incomplete|edited by Help I’m stuck in a scientific study Elaine Roberts - Please change this comment when editing this page. Do NOT delete this tag too soon.}}
  
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The title refers to the effect in scientific fields where instead of investigating the whole population (i.e. ''all'' cancer patients or ''all'' trees) only a subset is analysed. This is common practice as the analysis of all specimens is often impractical. However, special care needs to be taken when selecting the sample to ensure that it accurately represents the general population. Otherwise the results are misleading and do not reflect reality. For example if 1000 people are asked about the numbers of cars they own but all live in a city the results cannot be generalised to the whole country. This is called the {{w|selection bias}}. If non-human subjects are studied this can be avoided by randomising the selection process, but this is not possible with humans as they cannot be forced to participate in a study against their will. For example, if people are asked to participate in a study about their political views it is likely that the responders care about politics while people with no clear opinion do not bother to respond. This is called the {{w|self-selection bias}}.
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The title refers to the effect in scientific fields where the people who agree to work with a researcher can affect the outcome. For example if I said I wanted to do a study on an embarrassing condition, people who know they have it might be more apprehensive and thus not participate. This can skew the results to say that the condition is rarer than it is. This is called the {{w|selection bias}}, or more precisely, the {{w|self-selection bias}}. Ironically, to avoid any selection bias, researchers would have to force their ''randomly'' selected subjects to participate in their study, but yet the uneasiness shown by the mandatory subjects again skews the results.
  
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[[Ponytail]] says that people who agree to be in a study at their lab are less likely to attempt to escape. The only way Ponytail could have come to this conclusion is if she compared those people to people who did not agree to be in the study. This implies that Ponytail has recently kidnapped people for a study, and that most of the people she kidnapped called the police, as one should do when being kidnapped. This makes sense, since if you agreed to the study, you know why you are there, while if you didn't, you may have been kidnapped. As Ponytail presents this as a finding, it appears that she was attempting to establish a protocol for randomised selection of human subjects and comparing it to the normal selection process.
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Ponytail says that people who agree to be in a study at their lab are less likely to attempt to escape. This makes sense, since if you agreed to the study, you know why you are there, while if you didn't, you may have been kidnapped. This implies that Ponytail has recently kidnapped people for a study, and that most of the people she kidnapped called the police, as one should do when being kidnapped{{Citation needed}}. The comic shows Ponytail being allowed to present the results of this study at a conference; reputable scientific journals and conferences should not legitimize studies that clearly violate their ethical norms, such as by failing to obtain informed consent from human subjects before experimenting on them.  Unfortunately, involuntary studies are published and presented, one of the most well-known recent examples being [http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/6/30/facebook-ethics-labratsemotionalcontagion.html Facebook's emotional contagion study].  It is not clear how many people who did agree to participate may have attempted to call the police for assistance regardless; compare the [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stanford_prison_experiment Stanford Prison Experiment]. This is similar to previous comics where obvious things are presented in obfuscated, scientific ways.
  
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The comic shows Ponytail being allowed to present the results of this study at a conference; reputable scientific journals and conferences should not legitimize studies that clearly violate their ethical norms, such as by failing to obtain informed consent from human subjects before experimenting on them. Unfortunately, involuntary studies are published and presented, like this 2014 [http://america.aljazeera.com/articles/2014/6/30/facebook-ethics-labratsemotionalcontagion.html Facebook's emotional contagion study]. It is not clear how many people who did agree to participate may have attempted to call the police for assistance regardless; compare the {{w|Stanford Prison Experiment}}. This is similar to previous comics where obvious things are presented in obfuscated, scientific ways (e.g. [[1990: Driving Cars]]). Of course, any study of the way people behave when being kidnapped for scientific experiments would inherently involve kidnapping them. Therefore there is no way this kind of research could be done in an ethical fashion.
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The title text says that people who didn't agree to go inside an MRI machine are more likely to escape the machine mid-scan. Again, this makes sense, because being put somewhere against your will makes you unsure what is going on, making you try to find a way out.{{Citation needed}}
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The title text refers to a technique that measures brain activity, called {{w|Functional magnetic resonance imaging|Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)}}. Of course it's much more likely that people who did not sign up will resist and escape before the scan is complete. This technique has been mentionned before, such as in [[1453: fMRI]] and [[1526: Placebo Blocker]]
 
  
 
==Transcript==
 
==Transcript==
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[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
 
[[Category:Comics featuring Ponytail]]
 
[[Category:Science]]
 
[[Category:Science]]
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[[Category:Psychology]]
 
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[[Category:Scientific research]]
 

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