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Explain xkcd: It's 'cause you're dumb.
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Sauropods
Vertebrae Georg
Title text: Vertebrae Georg

Explanation

This comic attempts to correct people on the skeletal structure of sauropod dinosaurs, claiming that most individuals actually had short necks and tails, and the "queen" of the colony had an enormous number of vertebrae, possibly resembling a snake with legs. The idea is that paleontologists misconstructed the skeletons, averaging the vertebrae out between all specimens, instead of giving most of them a single queen.

In reality, most of the animal species that have colonies with queens are fairly small insects, particularly termites, ants, bees, and wasps; with naked mole-rats as a famous exception. No sauropods or other reptiles are known to do so. Also, while queens are often larger specimens than their workers or drones, they always share the same general anatomy. The comic suggests however that regular sauropods have a vastly different anatomy than their supposed queens.

Additionally, it is obviously impossible that a single sauropod could have a neck anywhere near that long; it would collapse under its own weight. Insead, the comic shows it looping around several times without issue. In fact, (all) sauropods already have substantial skeletal adaptations just to accommodate their elongated necks.

The title-text references Spiders Georg, an internet meme character who allegedly eats over 10,000 spiders a day, skewing the average, creating the factoid that "the average person swallows 3 spiders a year."

Transcript

[Top panel: A sauropod with a normal long neck and tail, crossed out with a large red X.]
[Bottom panel: Two sauropods with very short necks and tails, with a green check mark drawn in between and an eel-like supposed "sauropod queen" situated above them, who is predominantly composed of sauropod necks winding off both sides of the panel, with a single head and tip of the tail visible. The sauropod queen and the sauropod on the left look at each other.]
[Caption below the comic:]
Thanks to modern paleontological reconstructions, we now know that most sauropods had short necks, and all those extra vertebrae belonged to the sauropod colony's queen.

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