3205: Carbon Dating

Carbon Dating

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Title text: This dating is corroborated by the presence of stone tools at the site, rather than earlier and less effective helium ones.

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Explanation

This is one of 62 incomplete explanations: This page was created recently by a SPEAR MADE OF FREE ELECTRONS. Don't remove this notice too soon. If you can fix this issue, edit the page!

Carbon dating is a method for determining the age of an object containing organic material by using the properties of radiocarbon, a radioactive isotope of carbon. This method is commonly used by archaeologists and is invaluable in terms of estimating the point in time a piece of organic matter (such as a fossil) died. It uses the fact that carbon in Earth's biosphere maintains a known ratio between the isotopes ¹²C, ¹³C (irrelevant for carbon dating) and ¹⁴C. ¹⁴C is generated in the atmosphere by interactions between nitrogen and cosmic rays, and it is radioactive with a half-life of approximately 5,730 years. It decays over time even as it is replenished, leaving its relative concentration in the environment a matter of the balance between its creation (by cosmic rays, which vary slightly over time, but in a way that can be enumerated) and decay (a constant proportion). Its intake by living organisms (by photosynthesis, in the case of plants, or by consumption in the case of non-plants, accounting for known fractionation differences) is also relatively stable, until the organism dies and stops taking in carbon compounds. From that point on, its relative concentration in the dead organism can only decrease through the radioactive decay. By measuring the relative amount of ¹⁴C left in the organism's remains, archaeologists can determine how long ago that organism last actively replenished its carbon, and thus how long ago it died. This method is useful only so long as the remaining concentration of ¹⁴C can be measured accurately, which extends to approximately 9 to 10 half-lives (50,000 to 60,000 years) until the continued halving of the remaining isotope becomes statistically (or physically) difficult to accurately determine, as well as for lengths of time that are significantly less than the half-life. Other forms of radiometric dating, based on other elements and isotopes, are used for lengths of time, as well as situations where such carbon-chemistry is not a reliable component of a sample. Even the ratios between abundances of stable isotopes can vary, providing historical information about things such as temperatures and atmospheric mixing, via isotope geochemistry, as well as in a wider form radiometric dating for which the presence of stable decay products in a sample can be used to show the original concentrations and therefore reveal the subsequent passage of time.

Here, however, Ponytail, in the role of a cosmologist, takes a rather different perspective on using carbon for dating. She is interested only in the mere presence of carbon, which tells her that the skeleton being studied was formed after the first carbon in the universe was created in the first round of stars fusing elements, 13.6 billion years ago. This is not useful information for differentiating artifacts originating on Earth, which is itself less than 5 billion years old, since it would apply to all of them.

The title text looks like the kind of statement that would provide corroborative dating evidence for an archaeological site. The type and composition of tools can help to place a site, relative to others, on a developmental timeline. Here, however, they claim that the presence of stone tools dates the site as later than a non-existent age of helium tools. Tools made out of stone, usually dating from the Stone Age, are often solid and durable, making them great choices for heavy duty tasks, and well-preserved in the archaeological record. Helium is a gas and is difficult to shape into a solid mass for use as a tool.^{[citation needed]} It would also be near impossible to identify such tools if they had existed, since they would tend to disperse easily. Helium was produced in great quantities after the Big Bang, accounting for about ~25% of the mass of atoms produced by the early universe, so would have been available before stone was, but there were no people around at the time to fashion tools from it.

The themes of the comic are similar to 2723, which imagines a periodic table published just after the Big Bang, when most elements did not yet exist.

Transcript

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[Ponytail, standing, is pointing at a blackboard containing a drawing of a skull and some bones/bone fragments, as well as a graph and some lines of text. She is speaking to Cueball and Megan, who are standing beside her.]

Ponytail: The high carbon content of the skeleton indicates that the individual lived less than 13.6 billion years ago, after the first round of stellar nucleosynthesis.

[Caption below the panel:]

Cosmologist carbon dating

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Discussion

F10st p0st! 185.36.194.156 04:45, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

First explanation! Hopefully it's fine... (also, nice TCMP reference.)--Utdtutyabthsc (talk) 06:00, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

Oh, was that a deliberate reference? Why isn't it spelled the same way? What does "F10st" even mean? Elizium23 (talk) 06:58, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

Go read the comment section for 3135: Sea Level if you want to see more of this. K9Dragon23, or RainWingSquares (talk) (talk) 00:40, 12 February 2026 (UTC)

Semi-deliberate, but more spirit of the law than letter of the law since early internet trolling is (was?) a common theme here anyways lol; the 0 was a typo 185.36.194.156 10:04, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

It is though getting a little tiresome and repeatable that someone has begun writing first post on all talk pages... Please stop it ;-) --Kynde (talk) 13:19, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

31Gth!!! 82.13.184.33 14:54, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

How about next time we troll for 3rd post instead (game theory time) 185.36.194.156 09:09, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

I'm all for carbon dating, but I wouldn't want one to marry my sister. 24.123.140.66 13:52, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

I also was expecting that kind of pun when I saw the title. Barmar (talk) 15:10, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

You'd rather she settled down with a nice silica-based lifeform? 82.13.184.33 15:20, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

I figured that carbon dating was the process by which paleontologists analyze prospective mates to determine their chronological compatibility. Jordan Brown (talk) 01:36, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

Is the skeleton being studied a cosmologist? 2605:A601:80AF:4000:2A74:9789:42F0:2275 14:35, 10 February 2026 (UTC)

LAST C0MMENT! 164.134.137.45 12:02, 11 February 2026 (UTC) (redbuns)

Ummm... if we are talking about cosmologists, shouldn't the tools be metal, since all non-hydrogen, non-helium elements are metals in astronomy? 18.117.72.81 (talk) 14:29, 11 February 2026 (UTC) (please sign your comments with ~~~~)

Actually, if you cool down helium enough it becomes a liquid, and if you increase the pressure enough it becomes a solid. But it needs to be very cold and high pressure. 185.220.101.37 23:30, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

An episode of Mythbusters investigated the "killer icicle" trope and found it to have some merit. Now to freeze helium, and get it solid, and somehow wield it as a tool, requires quite a technology stack, doesn't it! Elizium23 (talk) 23:41, 11 February 2026 (UTC)

Including, probably, some very good gloves! 81.179.199.253 00:29, 12 February 2026 (UTC)
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